Özgür Yayınları eBooks,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 25, 2023
Genetic
engineering
and
biotechnology
intersect
in
many
ways.
Both
have
been
used,
albeit
unknowingly,
since
ancient
times.
For
example,
between
8000-1000
BCE,
animals
such
as
horses,
camels,
various
crops
like
maize
wheat
were
domesticated
by
the
people
of
that
era.
After
domestication,
they
started
crossbreeding
for
better
yields.
instance,
crossed
a
cow
with
high
milk
yield
strength
to
obtain
cows
produced
more
stronger.
Similarly,
crossing
high-yielding
drought-resistant
wheat,
obtained
productive
could
withstand
drought.
Not
only
Romans
or
Greeks
but
also
Indians
began
conducting
similar
experiments.
As
result
these
studies,
concept
genetics
emerged
1st
century
CE.
In
19th
century,
Mendel
made
significant
contributions,
firmly
establishing
concepts
genes
genetics.
From
present,
numerous
studies
conducted
develop
genetic
biotechnology,
shaping
them
into
what
are
today.
revolutionized
aspects
scientific
research,
agriculture,
medicine,
industry.
This
field
encompasses
manipulation
material
alter
characteristics
organisms
create
new
biological
entities.
this
paper,
we
provide
general
overview
principles
define
engineering,
focusing
on
its
core
concepts,
techniques,
applications.
Sugarcane,
is
a
vital
tropical
C4
plant
known
for
its
sucrose
storage
capacity,
plays
crucial
role
in
global
sugar
and
ethanol
production.
Despite
multifaceted
applications,
the
sugarcane
industry
faces
numerous
challenges,
which
impact
final
harvesting
yield
quality.
Traditional
breeding
methods
prove
inefficient
due
to
sugarcane's
complexity
extended
cycles.
Modern
biotechnological
approaches,
particularly
genetic
engineering
molecular
markers,
offer
unprecedented
opportunities.
These
techniques
enable
precise
modifications,
facilitating
development
of
superior
varieties.
Molecular
markers
genomic
tools
aid
identifying
high-yield,
stress-tolerant
cultivars,
enhancing
selection
processes.
Additionally,
advancements
bioinformatics,
genomics,
proteomics,
transcripteomic
shed
light
on
intricate
gene-protein-metabolite
relationships,
understanding
stress
responses.
This
chapter
explores
these
innovations,
showcasing
their
potential
address
existing
challenges
ensure
sustainable
future
production,
thereby
promoting
food
security
sustainability.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(7), P. e28209 - e28209
Published: March 22, 2024
Background
and
aimCitrus
bent
leaf
viroid
(CBLVd)
is
one
of
the
emerging
widely
distributed
viroids
in
citrus-growing
areas
world,
including
Pakistan.
Previously,
CBLVd
has
been
reported
Pakistan
for
first
time
2009.
Therefore,
characterization
required
to
monitor
status
citrus
orchards
concerning
decline.MethodsBiological
molecular
was
studied
through
biological
indexing
confirmation
RT-PCR,
followed
by
phylogenetic
analysis
selected
isolates.
Among
four
cultivars
viz.,
Kinnow
(Citrus
nobilis
×
Citrus
deliciosa),
Mosambi
(C.
sinensis),
Futrell's
Early
reticulata)
Lemon
medica)
used
as
indicator
plants
two
transmission
trials
graft
inoculation
mechanical
inoculation.
Graft
more
efficient
than
inoculation.ResultsSymptoms
such
mild
mosaic,
slight
backward
bending,
curling
were
observed
after
eight
months'
post-inoculation.
deliciosa,
C.
reticulata
sinensis
sensitive
compared
medica.
Inoculated
reconfirmed
RT-PCR
amplicons
233
bp.
The
tree
submitted
sequences
showed
90%
relevance
rest
world.ConclusionsThere
genetic
variability,
but
found
among
already
isolate
from
Scanty
literature
available
regarding
studies
time.
Özgür Yayınları eBooks,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 25, 2023
Genetic
engineering
and
biotechnology
intersect
in
many
ways.
Both
have
been
used,
albeit
unknowingly,
since
ancient
times.
For
example,
between
8000-1000
BCE,
animals
such
as
horses,
camels,
various
crops
like
maize
wheat
were
domesticated
by
the
people
of
that
era.
After
domestication,
they
started
crossbreeding
for
better
yields.
instance,
crossed
a
cow
with
high
milk
yield
strength
to
obtain
cows
produced
more
stronger.
Similarly,
crossing
high-yielding
drought-resistant
wheat,
obtained
productive
could
withstand
drought.
Not
only
Romans
or
Greeks
but
also
Indians
began
conducting
similar
experiments.
As
result
these
studies,
concept
genetics
emerged
1st
century
CE.
In
19th
century,
Mendel
made
significant
contributions,
firmly
establishing
concepts
genes
genetics.
From
present,
numerous
studies
conducted
develop
genetic
biotechnology,
shaping
them
into
what
are
today.
revolutionized
aspects
scientific
research,
agriculture,
medicine,
industry.
This
field
encompasses
manipulation
material
alter
characteristics
organisms
create
new
biological
entities.
this
paper,
we
provide
general
overview
principles
define
engineering,
focusing
on
its
core
concepts,
techniques,
applications.
