Neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease in an era of targeted interventions

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 5, 2024

Abstract A major challenge in Parkinson’s disease is the variability symptoms and rates of progression, underpinned by heterogeneity pathological processes. Biomarkers are urgently needed for accurate diagnosis, patient stratification, monitoring progression precise treatment. These were previously lacking, but recently, novel imaging fluid biomarkers have been developed. Here, we consider new approaches showing sensitivity to brain tissue composition, examine specificity processes, including seed amplification assays extracellular vesicles. We reflect on these context biological staging systems, emerging techniques currently development.

Language: Английский

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Clinical 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging: Impact and patient value in neurological disorders

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone of non‐invasive diagnostics and treatment monitoring, particularly for diseases the central nervous system. Although 1.5‐ 3 Tesla (T) field strengths remain clinical standard, advent 7 T MRI represents transformative step forward, offering superior spatial resolution, contrast, sensitivity visualizing neuroanatomy, metabolism, function. Recent innovations, including parallel transmission deep learning–based reconstruction, have resolved many prior technical challenges MRI, enabling its routine use. This review examines diagnostic impact, patient value, practical considerations emphasizing role in facilitating earlier diagnoses improving care conditions, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), epilepsy, multiple (MS), dementia, parkinsonism, tumors, vascular diseases. Based on insights from over 1200 scans with second‐generation system, highlights disease‐specific biomarkers motor band sign ALS new markers MS, vein sign, paramagnetic rim lesions. The unparalleled ability to study neurological ex vivo at ultra‐high resolution also explored, opportunities understand pathophysiology identify novel targets. Additionally, provides perspective handling safety considerations, addressing practicalities associated MRI. By bridging research practice, has potential redefine neuroimaging advance understanding management complex disorders.

Language: Английский

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Nonlinear effects in magnetic resonance localized spectroscopy and images

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 146-147, P. 101557 - 101557

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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3D Metamaterials Facilitate Human Cardiac MRI at 21.0 Tesla: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 620 - 620

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

The literature reports highlight the transmission field (B1+) uniformity and efficiency constraints of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at ultrahigh fields (UHF). This simulation study proposes a 3D Metamaterial (MM) to address these challenges. MM consisting unit cells (UC) with split ring resonator (SRR) layers immersed in dielectric material glycerol. Implementing proposed design aims reduce effective thickness weight while shaping B1+ improving penetration depth. latter is dictated by chosen array size, where small local UC arrays can focus larger increase view, cost lower Designing RF antennas that effectively transmit 21.0 T maintaining patient safety comfort challenging. Using Self-Grounded Bow-Tie (SGBT) conjunction demonstrated enhanced across human heart without signal voids. employed dynamic parallel tailored kT points homogenize flip angle over whole heart. proof-of-concept provides technical foundation for MRI T. Such numerical simulations are mandatory precursors realization whole-body UHF MR instruments.

Language: Английский

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Detecting biomarkers by dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced magnetic resonance

National Science Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(9)

Published: June 29, 2024

ABSTRACT Hyperpolarization stands out as a technique capable of significantly enhancing the sensitivity nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and imaging (MRI). Dynamic polarization (DNP), among various hyperpolarization methods, has gained prominence for its efficacy in real-time monitoring metabolism physiology. By administering hyperpolarized substrate through dissolution DNP (dDNP), biodistribution metabolic changes agent can be visualized spatiotemporally. This approach proves to distinctive invaluable tool non-invasively studying cellular vivo, particularly animal models. Biomarkers play pivotal role influencing growth metastasis tumor cells by closely interacting with them, accordingly detecting pathological alterations these biomarkers is crucial disease diagnosis therapy. In recent years, range molecular bioresponsive agents utilizing nuclei, such 13C, 15N, 31P, 89Y, etc., have been developed. this context, we explore how signals spins enhanced respond biomarkers, including pH, metal ions, enzymes, or redox processes. review aims offer insights into design principles responsive agents, target selection, mechanisms action imaging. Such discussions aim propel future development application DNP-based biomedical agents.

Language: Английский

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The temporal specificity of BOLD fMRI is systematically related to anatomical and vascular features of the human brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Abstract The ability to detect fast responses with functional MRI depends on the speed of hemodynamic neural activity, because act as a temporal low-pass filter which blurs rapid changes. However, shape and timing are highly variable across brain stimuli. This heterogeneity implies that specificity fMRI signals, or preserve information, could also vary substantially cortex. In this work we investigated how local differences in response affect fMRI. We used ultra-high field (7T) at high spatiotemporal resolution, studying primary visual cortex (V1) model area for investigation. stimuli oscillating slow frequencies probe individual voxels. As expected, identified substantial variability specificity, some voxels preserving their activity more effectively than others. had highest tested whether voxel was related anatomical vascular features. found low is only weakly explained by presence large veins cerebral cortical depth. Notably, however, depended strongly voxel’s position along anterior-posterior axis V1, within calcarine sulcus being capable close 25% amplitude frequency stimulation increased from 0.05Hz 0.20Hz, nearest occipital pole less 18%. These results indicate detection biases high-resolution will depend features imaged, these differ depending underlying neuronal activity. While attribute variance primarily effects, nonlinearities may influence timing. Importantly, spatial suggests it be exploited achieve higher locations, tailored data analysis strategies help improve interpretation responses.

Language: Английский

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Pushing the limits of MRI brain imaging

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 1975 - 1979

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

A new generation of increasingly powerful magnets is dramatically extending the resolution, speed and analytical capabilities magnetic resonance imaging for brain research.

Language: Английский

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Asymmetries in the human brain

Handbook of clinical neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 15 - 36

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The need for evidence-based, outcome-focused medical imaging research for cancer management

npj Imaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Ultrahigh-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Current Status and Perspectives

Acta Physica Sinica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 74(7), P. 0 - 0

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most important modalities used in clinical radiology research and diagnosis due to its non-invasive nature, absence ionizing radiation, high soft tissue contrast, diverse capabilities. However, traditional MRI limited by a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which can be enhanced increasing strength main magnetic field. Ultra-high field (UHF-MRI), an emerging technology, typically refers systems with 7 T or higher. Compared conventional MRI, UHF-MRI improves image SNR extends boundaries spatial resolution detection sensitivity. These advancements not only provide clinicians more detailed accurate bioimaging data but also open new avenues fields such as life sciences cognitive neuroscience. This paper introduces historical development theoretical foundations UHF-MRI, highlights advantages over summarizes current on applications human brain imaging, focus functional metabolic studies. Additionally, challenges are discussed, potential future directions proposed.

Language: Английский

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