Molecular assays to detect the presence and viability of Phytophthora ramorum and Grosmannia clavigera

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. e0221742 - e0221742

Published: Feb. 5, 2020

Wood and wood products can harbor microorganisms that raise phytosanitary concerns in countries importing or exporting these products. To evaluate the efficacy of treatment on survival concern method choice is to grow microbes petri dishes for subsequent identification. However, some plant pathogens are difficult impossible axenic cultures. A molecular methodology capable detecting living fungi fungus-like organisms situ provide a solution. RNA represents transcription genes become rapidly unstable after cell death, providing proxy measure viability. We designed used RNA-based diagnostic assays targeting essential vital processes assessed their presence colonized by oomycetes through reverse real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). stability analysis was conducted comparing ratio mRNA gDNA over time following heat mycelial cultures Oomycete Phytophthora ramorum fungus Grosmannia clavigera. The PCR results indicated DNA remained stable period 10 days post heat-treated samples, whereas could not be detected 24 hours P. 96 G. Therefore, this provides reliable way viability offers potential assess effectiveness existing emerging treatments. This have important impacts assessing both timber non-timber forest commercial value international trade.

Language: Английский

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Assessing Niche Shifts and Conservatism by Comparing the Native and Post-Invasion Niches of Major Forest Invasive Species

Insects, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 479 - 479

Published: July 29, 2020

Invasive species experience biotic and abiotic conditions that may (or not) resemble their native environment. We explored the methodology of determining climatic niches compared post-invasion four invasive forest pests to determine if these experienced shifts or changes in new niches. used environmental principle components analysis (PCA-env) method quantify niche shifts, expansions, temporal changes. Furthermore, we assessed effect variable selection delineation comparison space. found influenced overlap each niche, whereas subset variables selected from first two PCA-env axes explained more variance than complete set for all species. Most focal showed range had not yet fully occupied available within invaded range. Our varied proportion between ranges. By comparing niches, can help predict a species’ potential expansion invasion potential. results guide monitoring inform management other

Language: Английский

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Potential Differences and Methods of Determining Gypsy Moth Female Flight Capabilities: Implications for the Establishment and Spread in Novel Habitats

Forests, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 103 - 103

Published: Jan. 19, 2021

The introduction of the Asian gypsy moth into novel environments continues with frequent interceptions in North America. There is a concern that these subspecies will pose greater threat to forests and urban America than established moths (Lymantria dispardispar L.), due their capacity for female flight. populations vary many key traits, including flight capabilities. potential impacts flight, combination other on ecology spread this insect are first discussed communication. This also provides review most current literature variations capability distance populations, as well variation traits methods identification, special attention paid Lymantria dispar japonica Motschulsky asiatica Vinkovskij. currently good tools identifying general origin introduced but do not provide enough information effectively manage introductions. Gypsy differ among even within each moth, so from world areas locations where already present could result unwanted changes biology. It appears flight-capable females enhance population’s dispersal require modifications management protocols used flightless females. Therefore, rapid assess needed adequately plan for, or deal with, new introductions habitats.

Language: Английский

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Special issue on invasive pests of forests and urban trees: pathways, early detection, and management

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 92(1), P. 1 - 2

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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High-Throughput Sequencing to Investigate Phytopathogenic Fungal Propagules Caught in Baited Insect Traps

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 15 - 15

Published: Feb. 12, 2019

Studying the means of dispersal plant pathogens is crucial to better understand dynamic interactions involved in infections. On one hand, entomologists rely mostly on both traditional molecular methods and morphological characteristics, identify pests. other high-throughput sequencing (HTS) becoming go-to avenue for scientists studying phytopathogens. These organisms sometimes infect plants, together with insects. Considering growing number exotic insect introductions Canada, forest pest-management efforts would benefit from development a strategy investigate phytopathogenic fungal oomycete species interacting wood-boring We recycled formerly discarded preservative fluids Canadian Food Inspection Agency annual survey using traps analysed more than hundred samples originating across Canada. Using Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) HTS technology fusion primers, we performed metabarcoding screen unwanted fungi oomycetes species, including Phytophthora spp. Community profiling was conducted four different wood-boring, insect-attracting semiochemicals; although (contained ethanol) also attracted Phytopathogenic (e.g., Leptographium Merialaricis pine sawyer semiochemical) (mainly Peronospora Pythium aff. hypogynum General Longhorn semiochemical), solely associated types semiochemicals, were detected. This project demonstrated that traps' semiochemical microbiome represents new powerful matrix screening Compared diagnostic techniques, allowed faster higher throughput assessment biodiversity contained within. Additionally, minimal modifications this approach allow it be used phytopathology fields.

Language: Английский

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