Pest Management Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
77(2), P. 963 - 969
Published: Sept. 28, 2020
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Permethrin
has
been
used
frequently
in
the
control
of
Musca
domestica
worldwide
including
Pakistan,
with
reports
resistance
development
different
field
strains.
A
near‐isogenic
line
M.
permethrin
(Perm‐R)
was
constructed
to
elucidate
mode
inheritance
and
cross‐resistance
analyses.
RESULTS
Toxicity
responses
reciprocal
progenies
F1
F1′
showed
no
significant
difference
median
lethal
dose
(LD
50
)
values,
suggesting
that
inherited
an
autosomal
fashion
neither
sex
linkage
nor
maternal
effects
Perm‐R
strain
.
Degree
dominance
0.6
0.7
for
progenies,
respectively,
which
suggests
expressed
as
incompletely
dominant
trait.
Chi‐square
analyses
self‐bred
(F2),
backcross
(BC1,
BC2,
BC3
BC4)
revealed
differences
between
observed
expected
mortality,
indicating
possibility
multiple
genes
responsible
resistance.
Moreover,
did
not
show
propoxur,
chlorpyrifos,
profenofos
or
spinetoram.
CONCLUSION
autosomal,
governed
by
more
than
one
gene.
Lack
spinetoram
provides
opportunity
rotational
use
these
insecticides
These
data
could
help
manage
problem
Journal of Economic Entomology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
115(2), P. 573 - 581
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Proteus,
matrine,
and
pyridalyl
were
tested
in
the
laboratory
for
their
effects
upon
Orius
laevigatus
(Fieber),
which
is
a
polyphagous
predator
used
IPM
programs
of
Frankliniella
occidentalis
(Pergande).
Against
female
adults,
most
toxic
insecticide
was
Proteus
(LC50
=
44.3
µl
L-1),
followed
by
83.8
L-1)
matrine
102.7
L-1).
The
mortality
adults
checked
24,
48,
72,
96
h
after
exposure
to
14-d
residues
treatments
on
strawberry
leaves.
residual
less
toxic;
remaining
products
caused
lowest
at
different
times
exposure.
Sublethal
(LC25)
significantly
prolonged
developmental
duration
total
immature
stages
from
17.6
d
control
21.6
20.0
treatments,
respectively.
Also,
fecundity
O.
treated
with
pyridalyl,
decreased
58.8%,
75.6%,
96.7%,
respectively,
comparison
control.
Compared
population
(0.118
d-1),
intrinsic
rate
increase
(r)
F1
generation
0.053,
0.095,
0.110
d-1
consumption
bugs
reached
14.0
thrips
during
24
h.
fed
treatment
had
this
period
(9.4
preys).
Overall,
proved
be
harmless
reproductive
capacity
r
similar
what
recorded
bugs.
We
concluded
that
can
as
an
alternative
synthetic
integrate
laevigatus.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
172(10), P. 894 - 901
Published: June 10, 2024
Abstract
The
predatory
bug
Cyrtorhinus
lividipennis
Reuter
(Hemiptera:
Miridae)
is
an
important
biological
control
agent
for
planthoppers,
such
as
Nilaparvata
lugens
(Stål)
Delphacidae),
and
leafhoppers
in
rice
fields
(
Oryza
sativa
L.,
Poaceae).
In
this
study,
the
sublethal
effects
of
azoxystrobin
difenoconazole,
two
fungicides
extensively
used
production,
on
were
investigated.
results
indicated
that
exposure
to
at
third
instar
had
no
influence
developmental
duration,
but
difenoconazole
resulted
a
25.2%
decrease
lifespan
adult
males.
When
exposed
newly
emerged
adults,
caused
33.5%
female
longevity.
pre‐oviposition
period
azoxystrobin‐treated
females
mating
with
males
was
shortened
by
44.9%,
compared
control,
whereas
difenoconazole‐treated
lengthened
32.2%
group.
However,
effect
fecundity
egg
hatchability.
Furthermore,
did
not
impact
average
consumption
C.
N.
individuals.
They
stimulate
response
plants
infested
two‐choice
H‐shaped
olfactometer
test.
Also,
capacity
increased
after
decreased
fungicides.
Overall,
our
pose
notable
risk
.
These
findings
establish
foundation
rational
coordinated
utilization
agents
ecosystems.
CABI Agriculture and Bioscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(1)
Published: Oct. 29, 2024
Abstract
Trichogramma
brassicae
is
one
of
the
most
important
egg
parasitoids
many
pests
including
South
American
tomato
pinworm,
Tuta
absoluta
(Lepidoptera:
Gelechiidae).
In
agrosystems,
function
can
be
affected
by
application
insecticides.
To
use
biological
control
agents
and
pesticides
simultaneously
in
pest
management,
it
necessary
to
know
potential
effect
on
agents.
this
study,
lethal
sublethal
effects
four
insecticides
(flubendiamide,
emamectin
benzoate
+
lufenuron,
thiocyclam,
spinosad)
frequently
used
T.
,
were
investigated
its
parasitoid
Brassicae
Bezdenko
(Hymenoptera:
Trichogrammatidae),
under
controlled
laboratory
conditions.
The
results
showed
that
spinosad
with
an
LC
50
value
0.73
mg
a.i./
L
was
highly
toxic
against
adults
comparison
flubendiamide
(4.09
L),
lufenuron
(4.17
thiocyclam
(9.59
L).
Furthermore,
key
demographic
parameters
such
as
net
reproductive
rate
(
R
0
),
intrinsic
increase
r
m
mean
generation
time
T
doubling
(DT)
significantly
decreased
after
exposure
30
s
spinosad,
flubendiamide,
compared
control.
light
our
results,
should
cautiously
integrated
management
programs.
While
combined
brassicae,
are
not
recommended
presence
parasitoid.
avoided
concomitantly
release
.
Pest Management Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
77(2), P. 963 - 969
Published: Sept. 28, 2020
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Permethrin
has
been
used
frequently
in
the
control
of
Musca
domestica
worldwide
including
Pakistan,
with
reports
resistance
development
different
field
strains.
A
near‐isogenic
line
M.
permethrin
(Perm‐R)
was
constructed
to
elucidate
mode
inheritance
and
cross‐resistance
analyses.
RESULTS
Toxicity
responses
reciprocal
progenies
F1
F1′
showed
no
significant
difference
median
lethal
dose
(LD
50
)
values,
suggesting
that
inherited
an
autosomal
fashion
neither
sex
linkage
nor
maternal
effects
Perm‐R
strain
.
Degree
dominance
0.6
0.7
for
progenies,
respectively,
which
suggests
expressed
as
incompletely
dominant
trait.
Chi‐square
analyses
self‐bred
(F2),
backcross
(BC1,
BC2,
BC3
BC4)
revealed
differences
between
observed
expected
mortality,
indicating
possibility
multiple
genes
responsible
resistance.
Moreover,
did
not
show
propoxur,
chlorpyrifos,
profenofos
or
spinetoram.
CONCLUSION
autosomal,
governed
by
more
than
one
gene.
Lack
spinetoram
provides
opportunity
rotational
use
these
insecticides
These
data
could
help
manage
problem
