Gut fungal community and its probiotic effect onBactrocera dorsalis

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 1145 - 1158

Published: Dec. 17, 2021

The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a destructive horticultural pest which causes considerable economic losses every year. A collection of microorganisms live within the B. gut, and they are involved in its development, physiology, behavior. However, knowledge regarding composition function gut mycobiota still limited. Here, we comprehensively characterized across different developmental stages. High-throughput sequencing results showed significant difference fungal species abundance diversity among stages dorsalis. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction culture-dependent methods that yeast was dominant group larval stage. We isolated 13 strains from found GF (germ-free) larvae mono-associated with strain Hanseniaspora uvarum developed faster than those other tested strains. Supplementing diet H. fully rescued shortened time, increased adult wing lengths, as well body sizes weights both pupae adults. Thus, our study highlights close interactions between fungi, especially uvarum, These findings can be applied to sterile insect technique program promote host development during mass rearing.

Language: Английский

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Field and greenhouse application of an attract‐and‐kill formulation based on the yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum and the insecticide spinosad to control Drosophila suzukii in grapes

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(3), P. 1287 - 1295

Published: Dec. 2, 2021

Abstract BACKGROUND The invasive insect Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an important pest of several red grape varieties. yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum (Niehaus), which associated with D. , strongly attracts flies and stimulates them to feed on yeast‐laden food. In the present study, a formulation based H. culture spinosad insecticide was applied foliage vineyards control compared applying whole plant. After successful application in vineyard, we tested additional ‐based formulations greenhouse determine their capacity . RESULTS Application ‐spinosad at 36.4 g per hectare reduced field infestation same rate as 120 prevented residues grapes. Leaves treated transferred laboratory assay caused high mortality number eggs laid fruits. Formulations showed that both cell‐free supernatant centrifuged increased fly unsprayed control. CONCLUSION comparison typical spray applications, use combination attract‐and‐kill against reduces pesticide fruits by targeting treatment canopy decreasing amount without compromising efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Yeasts in the attine ant–fungus mutualism: Diversity, functional roles, and putative biotechnological applications

Yeast, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 39(1-2), P. 25 - 39

Published: Sept. 2, 2021

Insects interact with a wide variety of yeasts, often providing suitable substrate for their growth. Some yeast-insect interactions are tractable models understanding the relationships between symbionts. Attine ants prominent insects in Neotropics and have performed an ancient fungiculture mutualistic basidiomycete fungi more than 55-65 million years. Yeasts gain access to this sophisticated mutualism, prompting diversity, ecological, biotechnological studies environment. We review half century research field, surveying recurrent yeast taxa putative ecological roles found that previous mainly covered diversity from small fraction attine ants, being Saccharomycetales, Tremellales, Trichosporonales as most frequent or yeast-like orders found. Apiotrichum, Aureobasidium, Candida, Cutaneotrichosporon, Debaryomyces, Meyerozyma, Papiliotrema, Rhodotorula, Trichomonascus, Trichosporon recovered genera. On other hand, yeasts' on ant-fungus mutualism only tapped tip iceberg. Previous established hypotheses literature cover production lignocellulosic enzymes, chemical detoxification, fungus garden protection. these parallels processes. In conclusion, ant environment has hidden potential studying biodiversity, ecology, biotechnology, which been particularly unexplored considering vast fungus-growing ants.

Language: Английский

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Search for Alternative Control Strategies of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Laboratory Assays Using Volatile Natural Plant Compounds

Insects, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 811 - 811

Published: Nov. 18, 2020

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is native to southeastern Asia and invaded Europe during the past decade. It causes serious economic damage in cherries soft fruits. Control strategies rely on few insecticides with varying success. Due environmental concern, use of synthetic chemicals restricted. Therefore, research effort put into quest for alternative substances applicable chemical pest control. In laboratory assays, we tested 17 volatile plant compounds from different classes their contact toxicity, feeding modification, oviposition repellency. Toxicity through treated surfaces was evaluated after 1 h, 4 24 h; effects food uptake were observed capillary (CAFE)-tests trials compared egg numbers laid raspberry medium or without filter paper. Cinnamon oil its components had highest toxicity an LC90 = 2-3%, whereas lemongrass oil, main components, farnesol less toxic (LC90 7-9%), geraniol least toxic. CAFE tests, stimulation 0.1% 1% solutions citronellol, farnesol. cinnamaldhyde, ethyl cinnamate not consumed at a concentration 1%. presence citral, eugenol, reduced, limonene, no eggs deposited. The natural products found most efficient either bioassay will be further under field conditions.

Language: Английский

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The relative abundances of yeasts attractive to Drosophila suzukii differ between fruit types and are greatest on raspberries

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 20, 2022

Abstract Fungal metabolic volatiles attract Drosophila suzukii which oviposits in ripening fruits, but there are few data describing the fungal microbiomes of commercial fruits susceptible to this insect pest. We tested hypothesis that fruit type and stage have a significant effect on surface communities using DNA metabarcoding approaches found strong support for differences all three community biodiversity metrics analysed (numbers, types, abundances taxa). There was an average fivefold greater difference between sites with different types (strawberry, cherry, raspberry, blueberry) than across developmental stages, demonstrating site and/or is factor defining assemblage. The addition internal standard ( Plectosphaerella cucumerina ) showed cherry had relatively static populations ripening. Raspberry prevalence Saccharomycetales yeasts attractive D. , including Hanseniaspora uvarum, aligns reports raspberry among greatest susceptibility attraction . Greater knowledge how yeast change during maturation species or may be valuable developing methods manipulate use integrated pest management strategies control

Language: Английский

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Comparative transcriptomic assessment of the chemosensory receptor repertoire of Drosophila suzukii adult and larval olfactory organs

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D Genomics and Proteomics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45, P. 101049 - 101049

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

The spotted wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, has emerged within the past decade as an invasive species on a global scale, and is one of most economically important pests in fruit berry production Europe North America. Insect ecology, to strong degree, depends chemosensory modalities smell taste. Extensive research sensory receptors olfactory gustatory systems melanogaster provide excellent frame reference better understand fundamentals D. suzukii. This knowledge may enhance development semiochemicals for sustainable management which urgently needed. Here, using transcriptomic approach we report receptor expression profiles suzukii female male antennae, first time, larval heads including dorsal organ that houses neurons. In adults, generally observed lack sexually dimorphic levels antennae. While there was conservation antennal odorant ionotropic orthologues showed more distinct species-specific profiles. head tissues, all three gene families, also greater degree patterns. Analysis repertoires pest species, relative those genetic model enables comparative studies chemosensory, physiology, ecology

Language: Английский

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Hanseniaspora uvarum Attracts Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) With High Specificity

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 115(4), P. 999 - 1007

Published: Feb. 19, 2022

Since the early phase of intercontinental dispersal Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), fermentation baits have been used for monitoring. Self-made lures and commercial products are often based on wine vinegar. From an ecological perspective, formulation these is expected to target especially vinegar flies associated with overripe fruit, such as melanogaster (Meigen) Drosophilidae). Hanseniaspora uvarum (Niehaus) (Ascomycota: Saccharomyceta) a yeast closely D. furthermore attractive flies. Based this relation, H. might represent suitable substrate development that more specific than wine. In field, we therefore, compared bait was respect number trapped relative other drosophilids arthropods. Trap captures were higher but specificity greater uvarum. Moreover, headspace extracts, well synthetic blend volatiles, assayed attraction D in wind tunnel field. Headspace extracts induced strong upwind flight confirmed volatiles. Furthermore, baited extract drowning solution aqueous acetic acid ethanol, 74% field captured arthropods suzukii. Our findings suggest formulations advance selective monitoring traps reduced by-catch.

Language: Английский

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Persistence of a Yeast-Based (Hanseniaspora uvarum) Attract-and-Kill Formulation against Drosophila suzukii on Grape Leaves

Insects, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 810 - 810

Published: Nov. 18, 2020

The production of phagostimulant and attractive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by yeasts can be exploited to improve the efficacy attract-and-kill formulations against spotted wing drosophila (SWD). This study evaluated persistence over one week a yeast-based formulation under greenhouse conditions. Potted grape plants were treated with: (i) potato dextrose broth (PDB), (ii) PDB containing spinosad (PDB + S), (iii) H. uvarum fermentation grown on (H. u. S). Laboratory trials performed determine survival oviposition rate SWD after exposure leaves. Ion-exchange chromatography was measure carbohydrates, sugar alcohols, acids leaf surfaces, while amino assessed through liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry. Additionally, VOCs released with H.uvarum collected via closed-loop-stripping analysis compared those emitted untreated A higher mortality observed for adult SWDs in contact spinosad. Generally, decrease amounts non-volatile time, though numerous nutrients still present treatment. application induced emission concentration 2-phenylethanol, main yeasts, decreased time. These findings describe presence potential phagostimulants demonstrate week.

Language: Английский

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Essential Oil ofRosmarinus officinalisEcotypes and Their Major Compounds: Insecticidal and Histological Assessment AgainstDrosophila suzukiiand Their Impact on a Nontarget Parasitoid

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 115(4), P. 955 - 966

Published: Nov. 5, 2021

Essential oils (EOs) produced by plants in the Lamiaceae family may provide new insecticidal molecules. Novel control compounds are needed to Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), a severe economic invasive pest of thin-skinned fruit crops. Thus, we characterized main EOs from three rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis ecotypes (ECOs) and evaluated their toxicity D. adults, deterrence oviposition behavior, histological alterations larvae. Additionally, analyzed lethal sublethal effect on pupal parasitoid Trichopria anastrephae. The identified R. ECOs were α-pinene, camphor 1,8-cineole. In bioassays via topical application or ingestion, major showed high adults lower concentration could kill 50% 90% flies compared spinetoram. dry residues a-pinene, 1,8-cineole, provided repellent reducing ~47% untreated fruit. Histological sections 3rd instar larval posttreatment revealed damage fat body, Malpighian tubules, brain, salivary gland, midgut, which contributed mortality. Survival parasitism adult T. anastrephae not affected. EO have potential for developing novel insecticides manage suzukii.

Language: Английский

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The Blueberry Fruit Mycobiome Varies by Tissue Type and Fungicide Treatment

Phytobiomes Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 208 - 219

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

The microbial ecology of agricultural products may provide crucial insights into the management postharvest fruit rots. To investigate communities highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum), five fungicide spray programs were evaluated for their influence on mycobiome skin and within pulp. was characterized by sequencing amplicons internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region with primers ITS1f ITS4 Illumina MiSeq 300bp v3 system. Two utilized commercial biological fungicides, two azoxystrobin, one a series treatments to simulate realistic disease program. Fungicide applications reduced diversity R 2 = 0.409, P 0.0001) had moderate impact pulp 0.233, 0.0001). also more variable than mycobiome. In comparison untreated controls, each treatment program strongly significant effect β 0.53 0.73, pulp, three but effects in control 0.10 0.18, 0.0005 0.017). Most samples indicated that fungi belonging genera Epicoccum, Papiliotrema, Sporobolomyces widely prevalent abundant across tissues. Fruit pathogen Botrytis cinerea particularly treatments. Results from this study baseline future exploration rot pathology community context how fungicides alter fungal systems.

Language: Английский

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