COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis (CAM): Case-Series and Global Analysis of Mortality Risk Factors

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(10), P. 837 - 837

Published: Oct. 7, 2021

Background: Since the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, cases of COVID-19 co-infections have been increasingly reported worldwide. Mucormycosis, an opportunistic fungal infection caused by members Mucorales order, had frequently isolated in severely and critically ill patients. Methods: Initially, anamnestic, clinical, paraclinical features seven COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) from Egypt were thoroughly reported. Subsequently, extensive review literature was carried out to describe characteristics CAM globally, aiming explore potential risk factors mortality Results: Out patients case series, five (71.4%) males, six (85.7%) diabetes mellitus, three (42.9%) cardiovascular disease. All exhibited various forms facial deformities under computed tomography scanning, two them tested positive for using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) prescribed all cases, none died until end follow-up. On reviewing literature, 191 worldwide, which 74.4% 83.2% low-middle income countries, 51.4% aged 55 years old or below. Diabetes mellitus (79.1%), chronic hypertension (30%), renal disease/failure (13.6%) most common medical comorbidities, while steroids (64.5%) medication COVID-19, followed Remdesivir (18.2%), antibiotics (12.7%), Tocilizumab (5.5%). Conclusions: As majority included studies observational studies, obtained evidence needs be interpreted carefully. Diabetes, steroids, not associated with increased risk, thus confirming that used manage severe critical should discontinued. Lung involvement, bilateral manifestation, Rhizopus isolation proactive screening is imperative, especially Finally, surgical management antimycotic medications, e.g., posaconazole, decreased their effectiveness.

Language: Английский

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Mucormycosis in COVID-19: A systematic review of literature

Infezioni in Medicina, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(4)

Published: Dec. 10, 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute viral illness caused by severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).Opportunistic infections such as mucormycosis have been reported among CO-VID-19 patients particularly in South Asian countries during the second wave of this pandemic.It necessary to re-evaluate any changes traditional risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus, organ transplant, etc precedent ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.We conducted a systematic review using electronic databases.A total 115 who were diagnosed included study.Diabetes mellitus was most common co-morbidity 77.1%, followed hypertension (29.5%) and renal (14.3%).55.2% had received dexamethasone for infection.Ten (11.5%) tocilizumab.Sinuses site at 79.4% maxillary sinus (47.4%) being commonly infected.Orbits SUMMARY prevalent 56.7% lungs infected mucor 11.3%.The mean duration between diagnosis infection 16.15 days (range 2-90 days).Cavernous either infiltrated or encased 14 (14.4%).Cerebral involvement seen terms abscess, infarcts, edema 12 (12.4%).Only 76 data on outcomes, out which 37 (48.7%)patients died.Diabetes still similar non-COVID-19 patients.More than 90% steroids.Complications cavernous thrombosis, cerebral abscesses common.Indiscriminate use steroids needs be avoided focus put tight blood sugar control diabetic patients.Studies are needed confirm role SARS-CoV-2 virus causing immune dysfunction mucormycosis.

Language: Английский

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Retracted: Mucormycosis infection in patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review

Health Science Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Several reports previously described mucormycosis co-infection in patients with COVID-19. As and COVID-19 might adversely affect patients' outcomes, we aimed to systematically review the related evidence subsequent outcomes.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 associated mucormycosis – An emerging threat

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(2), P. 183 - 190

Published: Jan. 13, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly become a global threaten since its emergence in the end of 2019. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infection could also present with co-infection or secondary other virus, bacteria, fungi. Among them, mucormycosis is rare but aggressive fungal and it mainly affects patients particularly poorly controlled diabetes mellitus diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We here did comprehensive review literature reporting COVID-19 associated (CAM) cases, which have been reported worldwide. The prevalence higher India, Iran, Egypt than countries, highest states Gujarat Maharashtra India. Poor control administration systemic corticosteroids are common precipitating factors causing critical patients. In addition, itself may affect immune system resulting vulnerability to mucormycosis. Appropriate treatments CAM include strict glycemic control, extensive surgical debridement, antifungal therapy amphotericin B formulations.

Language: Английский

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Opportunistic Infections in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cureus, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 31, 2022

The prevalence, incidence, and characteristics of bacterial infections in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are not well understood have been raised as an important knowledge gap. Therefore, our study focused on the most common opportunistic infections/secondary infections/superinfections disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. This systematic review meta-analysis was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses. Eligible studies were identified using PubMed/Medline since inception June 25, 2021. Studies meeting inclusion criteria selected. Statistical analysis Review Manager 5.4.1. A random-effect model used when heterogeneity seen pool studies, result reported inverse variance corresponding 95% confidence interval. We screened 701 articles comprising 22 cohort which included analysis. pooled prevalence 16% COVID-19 highest secondary observed among viruses at 33%, followed by bacteria 16%, fungi 6%, 25% miscellaneous group/wrong outcome. Opportunistic more prevalent critically ill isolated pathogens Epstein-Barr virus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Hemophilus influenza, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Large-scale required better identify opportunistic/secondary/superinfections

Language: Английский

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Pathogenesis and Pathology of COVID-Associated Mucormycosis: What Is New and Why

Current Fungal Infection Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 206 - 220

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis (CAM): An Updated Evidence Mapping

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(19), P. 10340 - 10340

Published: Sept. 30, 2021

Mucormycosis, a serious and rare fungal infection, has recently been reported in COVID-19 patients worldwide. This study aims to map all the emerging evidence on COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) with special focus clinical presentation, treatment modalities, patient outcomes. An extensive literature search was performed MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase Cochrane Study Register, WHO database till 9 June 2021. The primary outcome summarize outcomes of CAM. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics presented tabular form. mapping based total 167 CAM mean age 51 ± 14.62 years, 56.28% them male. Diabetes mellitus (73.65% (n = 123)), hypertension (22.75% 38)), renal failure (10.77% 18)) most common co-morbidities among patients. symptoms observed facial pain, ptosis, proptosis, visual acuity, vision loss. Survival higher who underwent both medical surgical management (64.96%). Overall mortality found be 38.32%. In conclusion, this high incidence rate. Optimal glycemic control early identification should priority reduce morbidity related

Language: Английский

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Imaging Features of Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75(3), P. 601 - 608

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) includes non-invasive and invasive subtypes with the latter having significant morbidity mortality. This systematic review aims to identify imaging features most correlated fungal (IFRS) present a checklist of these aid diagnosis. PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Science Direct were searched from inception May 2023, in accordance Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Primary research articles published English describing IFRS included. The was conducted PRISMA Forty-eight identified inclusion. Six studies examined radiological acute (AIFRS), 9 chronic (CIFRS). A majority did not specify whether cases or chronic. On CT, bony erosion mucosal thickening common features. Other include nasal soft tissue thickening, cavity opacification, opacification affected sinus, perisinus infiltration. Extra-sinus extension commonly observed on MRI, often invading intraorbitally intracranially. sites extra-sinus included cavernous pterygopalatine fossa, infratemporal masticator space, facial tissue. is condition potential high Several are highly suggestive IFRS. Early identification high-risk using may prompt diagnosis early treatment. Future investigating differentiation between other pathology including bacterial orbital cellulitis would be beneficial.

Language: Английский

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Mucorales: A systematic review to inform the World Health Organization priority list of fungal pathogens

Medical Mycology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract The World Health Organization, in response to the growing burden of fungal disease, established a process develop priority pathogens list (FPPL). This systematic review aimed evaluate epidemiology and impact invasive disease due Mucorales. PubMed Web Science were searched identify studies published between January 1, 2011 February 23, 2021. Studies reporting on mortality, inpatient care, complications sequelae, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors, preventability, annual incidence, global distribution, emergence during study time frames selected. Overall, 24 included. Mortality rates up 80% reported. Antifungal susceptibility varied across agents species, with minimum inhibitory concentrations lowest for amphotericin B posaconazole. Diabetes mellitus was common factor, detected 65%–85% patients mucormycosis, particularly those rhino-orbital (86.9%). Break-through infection 13.6%–100% azole or echinocandin prophylaxis. reported prevalence variable, some stable USA 0.094–0.117/10 000 discharges 2014, whereas others an increase Iran from 16.8% 24% 2015. Carefully designed surveillance studies, linking laboratory clinical data, are required breakpoints guide therapy determine accurate estimates trends, distribution. These data will provide robust refine interventions better inform future FPPL.

Language: Английский

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A case report of rhino-facial mucormycosis in a non-diabetic patient with COVID-19: a systematic review of literature and current update

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Sept. 3, 2021

Abstract Background COVID-19 disease may be associated with a wide range of bacterial and fungal infections. We report patient infection who developed rhino-facial mucormycosis during treatment corticosteroids. Case presentation A 59-year-old non-diabetic male was admitted diagnosis based on positive RT-PCR CT the lungs. Due to sever lung involvement, he treated methylprednisolone. The re-admitted hospital, due nasal obstruction left side facial orbital swelling, several days after discharge. In sinus endoscopic surgery, debridement performed specimens were sent pathology mycology laboratories. biopsy showed hyphae without septa. sequenced PCR product revealed Rhizopus oryzae . Despite all medical surgical treatment, died. addition, characteristics patients COVID-19-associated reviewed in 44 available literatures. most studies, diabetes mellitus common predisposing factor for mucormycosis. Conclusion Our highlights need assessing presence also it shows that physicians should consider potential secondary invasive infections cases.

Language: Английский

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