Is AI the Future of Mental Healthcare?

Topoi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(3), P. 809 - 817

Published: May 31, 2023

Language: Английский

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Remote mental health care interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 104226 - 104226

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Mitigating the COVID-19 related disruptions in mental health care services is crucial a time of increased disorders. Numerous reviews have been conducted on process implementing technology-based during pandemic. The research question this umbrella review was to examine what impact access and delivery how changed A systematic search for meta-analyses up August 12, 2022, 38 were identified. Main reduced outpatient admissions earlier discharge from inpatient care. In response, synchronous telemental tools such as videoconferencing used provide remote similar pre-COVID care, lesser extent asynchronous virtual apps. Implementation facilitated by time-efficiency flexibility pandemic but there lack accessibility specific vulnerable populations. barriers among practitioners patients use digital poor technological literacy, particularly when preexisting inequalities existed, beliefs about therapeutic alliance case severe Absence organizational support implementation interventions due inadequate IT infrastructure, funding, well privacy safety, challenged COVID-19. Reviews low moderate quality, covered heterogeneously designed primary studies lacked findings low- middle-income countries. These gaps evidence prevalent early This shows that pandemic, institutions mainly tools, degree enable continued patients. these identified, call further improvements. addition, more high quality into comparative effectiveness working mechanisms may improve scalability general future infectious disease outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-related changes in eating disorder pathology, emotional and binge eating and need for care: a systematic review with frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses

Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2023

Abstract Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has been a leading cause of stress and feelings loss control, both which have related to eating disorder (ED) pathology onset deterioration. We aim estimate the magnitude changes in prevalence rates of, indicators for, ED psychopathology face pandemic. Method Pre-registered systematic review with frequentist Bayesian meta-analyses. Searches for eligible studies were performed PubMed, Web Science pre-print servers until January 15 2023. Results Our searches yielded 46 reporting on total 4,688,559 subjects. These data provide strong evidence indicating increased diagnosed self-reported ED’s concordant need care symptom severity scores patients not elevated during pandemic, except those anorexia nervosa. On average, people general population report relatively high levels emotional binge although evidential strength these associations is only anecdotal moderate. Moderators between-study heterogeneity detected. Conclusions Altogether, our results suggest that associated wide spread negative effect patient samples population. development online prevention intervention programs EDs stressful times like encouraged. A limitation reported here may be prone biases, amongst others, self-report bias. Level evidence: I, meta-analysis. Preregistration: Prospero [ https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero ] ID: CRD42022316105.

Language: Английский

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Further evidence of the association between social media use, eating disorder pathology and appearance ideals and pressure: a cross-sectional study in Norwegian adolescents

Journal of Eating Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Background Few studies have investigated how the plethora of contemporary social media (SM) platforms relate to, and influence eating disorder (ED) pathology, appearance ideals pressure to conform these in youth. Methods In this study, 1558 girls (53%) boys (47%), predominantly within 16–19 age range, completed an online questionnaire assessing SM use perceived on appearance, ED internalization pressure. Results showed that pathology was common, particularly girls, body gender specific, a thin ideal being more prevalent muscular common boys. also strong association between ideals. One fourth participants reported spending four hours or daily, 80% SM, Instagram TikTok, had negative they felt about their appearance. These significantly higher levels from media. Conclusion A clear pattern associations photo- video specific platforms, found study. Adolescent appeared be at risk. The results illustrate imperative need keep addressing potential risks adolescents, continue monitoring effect young people’s view themselves, habits. Future should attempt identify aspects may detrimental for formative years, but those enhance adolescents’ satisfaction appreciation Trial registration: study is registered Open Science Framework (Identifier: 10.17605/OSF.IO/5RB6P https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5RB6P ).

Language: Английский

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Body shaming and internalized weight bias as potential precursors of eating disorders in adolescents

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Introduction Body shaming (BS) is a growing phenomenon within the school context, especially among adolescents. Recently, it has been described as an unrepeated act in which person expresses unsolicited, mostly negative comments about individual’s body. The targeted perceives these negative, offensive or body shame-inducing. Empirical evidence also suggests that weight most common reason youths are teased and bullied. Indeed, stigma, bias discriminatory behaviors, attitudes, feelings, thinking individuals, because of their weight, can lead to weight-based discrimination victimization. Preliminary BS stigma have effects on psychological health both short long term. In delicate stage adolescence development pubertal maturation, experiences be highly prevalent adverse outcomes such eating disorders (ED). However, prevalence data Italian context still lacking. Methods study aims estimate weight-related perceived by different sources (i.e., peers family members) associations with public internalized bias, mass index (BMI), dissatisfaction, ED symptoms. A sample 919 high students ( M age = 15.97, SD 1.58; 57.1% boys) completed battery self-report questionnaires assessing variables. Results One four reported members. total 37% having at least one experience lifetime. Higher scores symptoms, were adolescents who experienced BS, females. Among overweight participants, results showed partially mediated relationship between members symptoms fully after controlling for age, sex BMI. Discussion These findings, despite cross-sectional nature, add important contribution creation quantitative empirical BS. Its role explaining disorders, alone mediation first proved needs confirmed longitudinal results.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. The Italian version of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18 (TFEQ-R-18): a three-step validation study

Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

Abstract Background The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18 (TFEQ-R-18) is an extensively used questionnaire to measure three transdiagnostic features of eating behavior: cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. Objective This research aims investigate the psychometric properties Italian version TFEQ-R-18 in large community samples. Method Cross-sectional designs were employed. In Study 1 ( N = 537), exploratory graph analysis (EGA) was examine item clustering within TFEQ-R-18. 2 645), a confirmatory factor (CFA) conducted test its structural validity. 3 346), MANOVA employed assessing mean differences across disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia binge disorder). Results 1, EGA accurately identified original dimensions showed that has good fit indexes (CFI 0.989, RMSEA 0.064; 90% CI [0.058, 0.070], SRMR 0.062), possesses robust properties. reveals distinct, statistically significant among disorders. Conclusion proves be concise precise tool for measuring behaviors. Its applicability context, supported by properties, suggests utility both clinical purposes. findings affirm potential inform interventions aimed at enhancing psychological health. Level evidence V, descriptive study.

Language: Английский

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Review of the unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of eating disorders

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(6), P. 353 - 361

Published: July 29, 2022

Purpose of review To the recent literature on impact coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic incidence and severity symptoms eating disorders (EDs). Recent findings A worrying increase EDs in- outpatients has been reported since COVID-19 began in 2019/2020. Restrictions implemented during to protect populations against increased risk for onset worsening by disrupting exercise routines, social isolation, lack support, limited access healthcare. Substantial increases start have overall (15%), hospital admissions (48%) emergency department visits (11%) EDs, with even higher among women children or adolescents an ED. During pandemic, ED patients ED-specific anxiety, depression suicidal ideations -attempts. Treatments shifted largely toward online methods continuity care, despite concerns about quality care provided difficulties self-monitoring. Our provides preliminary evidence a similar effectiveness treatment prepandemic face-to-face treatment. In-person assessment remains essential detecting those requiring medical admission. Summary Although ongoing COVID-2019 affected mental health globally, research shows that it particularly individuals diagnosis at ED, especially women, adolescents, anorexia nervosa.

Language: Английский

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The Association between Resilience and Psychological Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(22), P. 14854 - 14854

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

This study examined the association between resilience and psychological distress in healthcare workers, general population, patients during COVID-19 pandemic. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Science Direct, Nursing Allied Health databases. Included articles workers (e.g., physicians nurses), Studies exposure to other infectious diseases related epidemics or pandemics SARS MERS) were excluded. was performed following Cooper matrix review method PRISMA guidelines, followed by a meta-analysis results using R version 4.1.2. A random effect model used for pooled analysis. registered with PROSPERO (registration No. CRD42021261429). Based on meta-analysis, we found moderate negative relationship overall (r = −0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.45 −0.38, p < 0.001). For subgroup analysis, moderately significant among −0.39, CI: −0.44 −0.33, 0.001), which weaker than population −0.45, −0.50 0.001) −0.43; −0.52 −0.33; robust, although heterogeneity individual sizes substantial (I2 94%, 99%, 74%, respectively). revealed patients. all these populations, interventions resources are needed improve individuals’ ability cope pandemic future disease outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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“What Made My Eating Disorder Worse?” The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic from the Perspective of Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 1242 - 1242

Published: March 1, 2023

(1) Background: the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent confinements have led to a dramatic increase in anorexia nervosa (AN) adolescent patients, whereas effect on symptom severity influencing factors are not yet clear, especially from adolescents' perspective. (2) Methods: February October 2021, 38 patients with AN completed an adjusted version of COVID Isolation Eating Scale (CIES), self-report questionnaire asking for ED symptomatology before during their experiences remote treatment. (3) Results: reported significant negative impact confinement symptoms, depression, anxiety, emotional regulation. During pandemic, engagement weight body image was related social media, mirror checking increased. The were more preoccupied cooking recipes had eating-related conflicts parents. However, differences amount media actively glorifying did remain after correction multiple comparisons. minority who received treatment found it be only limitedly helpful. (4) Conclusions: patients' perspective, pandemic-associated detrimental symptoms AN.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Binge Eating Disorder: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3777 - 3777

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the impact COVID-19 pandemic on binge eating disorder (BED) new onset and course. Inclusion criteria: original articles BED diagnosis; main outcomes: relationships between onset/clinical changes in BED, specific results for BED. Exclusion mixed/inaccurate diagnoses not written English. We searched four databases one registry until 5 May 2023. quality appraisal conducted using Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool. Twelve studies with 4326 participants were included. All observational nine cross-sectional three longitudinal. Four included investigated new-onset while eight examined clinical course patients a previous diagnosis. With exception study, available literature indicates both an increase worsening during COVID-19. Major limitations include study (weak-to-moderate) high heterogeneity terms phase, population, geographical areas, psychometric tools. Our findings indicate that are particularly vulnerable events characterised by social distancing over-worry, should be, therefore, carefully monitored. Further needed corroborate our findings, implement preventive strategies, promote personalised treatments. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023434106.

Language: Английский

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