Managing bark beetle impacts on ecosystems and society: priority questions to motivate future research

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 54(3), P. 750 - 760

Published: Oct. 18, 2016

Summary Recent bark beetle outbreaks in North America and Europe have impacted forested landscapes the provisioning of critical ecosystem services. The scale intensity many recent are widely believed to be unprecedented. effects on ecosystems often measured terms area affected, host tree mortality rates, alterations forest structure composition. Impacts human systems focus changes property valuation, infrastructure damage from falling trees, landscape aesthetics, quality quantity timber water resources. To advance our understanding impacts, we assembled a team ecologists, land managers social scientists participate research prioritization workshop. Synthesis applications . We identified 25 key questions by using an established methodology identify priorities for into impacts beetles. Our efforts emphasize need improve outbreak monitoring detection, educate public ecological role beetles, develop integrated metrics that facilitate comparison services across sites.

Language: Английский

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Predicting Chronic Climate-Driven Disturbances and Their Mitigation

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 15 - 27

Published: Nov. 13, 2017

Language: Английский

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Disturbance hydrology: challenges and opportunities

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 28(19), P. 5140 - 5148

Published: May 27, 2014

Language: Английский

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Impact of mountain pine beetle induced mortality on forest carbon and water fluxes

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 105004 - 105004

Published: Oct. 1, 2014

Quantifying impacts of ecological disturbance on ecosystem carbon and water fluxes will improve predictive understanding biosphere—atmosphere feedbacks. Tree mortality caused by mountain pine bark beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) is hypothesized to decrease photosynthesis flux the atmosphere while increasing respiration at a rate proportional mortality. This work uses data from an eddy-covariance tower in beetle infested lodgepole (Pinus contorta) forest test responses during outbreak. Analyses were conducted components (C) response environmental factors (solar radiation, soil content vapor pressure deficit). Maximum CO2 uptake did not change as tree basal area increased 30 78% over three years disturbance. Growing season evapotranspiration varied among use efficiency (the ratio net loss) change. Between 2009 2011, canopy conductance 98.6 151.7 mmol H2O m−2 s−1. Ecosystem light increased, with quantum yield 16% outbreak below mature illuminated remaining vegetation more. Overall productivity was correlated hence availability. Average weekly respiration, derived curves standard Ameriflux protocols for partitioning into gross productivity, increased. Separate effects largely canceled one another out, presumably due diffuse organic matter decomposition resulting no exchange. These results agree emerging consensus literature demonstrating dynamics following large scale events are dependent only but also new because recovery occur same time.

Language: Английский

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Modelling phosphorus loading and algal blooms in a Nordic agricultural catchment-lake system under changing land-use and climate

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1588 - 1599

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

A network of process-based mass-balance models for phosphorus dynamics in catchments and lakes provides a new approach to simulate the effect land-use climate change on water quality.

Language: Английский

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Responsiveness of soil nitrogen fractions and bacterial communities to afforestation in the Loess Hilly Region (LHR) of China

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: June 23, 2016

In the present paper, we investigated effects of afforestation on nitrogen fractions and microbial communities. A total 24 soil samples were collected from farmland (FL) three afforested lands, namely Robinia pseudoacacia L (RP), Caragana korshinskii Kom (CK), abandoned land (AL), which have been arable for past 40 years. Quantitative PCR Illumina sequencing 16S rRNA genes used to analyze bacterial abundance, diversity, composition. Additionally, (N) stocks estimated. The results showed that N stock, fractions, abundance diversity increased following afforestation. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria dominant phyla compositions. Overall, compositions generally changed (Acidobacteria)-dominant Proteobacteria-dominant Soil especially dissolved organic (DON), significantly correlated with most groups while potential competitive interactions between Proteobacteria (order Rhizobiales) Cyanobacteria suggested. contrast, nitrate (NO3(-)-N) influenced less than other fractions. Therefore, study demonstrated specific species respond farmland-to-forest conversion hence affect dynamic processes in Loess Plateau.

Language: Английский

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Aftermath of Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak in British Columbia: Stand Dynamics, Management Response and Ecosystem Resilience

Forests, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 171 - 171

Published: Aug. 5, 2016

The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) (MPB) has infested and killed millions of hectares lodgepole (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm) forests in British Columbia, Canada, over the past decade. It is now spreading out its native range into Canadian boreal forest, with unknown social, economic ecological consequences. This review explores ramifications MPB epidemic respect to mid-term timber supply, forest growth, structure composition, vegetation diversity, fire, climate change, ecosystem resilience. Research confirms that, all these variables are more significantly impacted when salvage logging used as management response outbreak. We conclude that appropriate essential ensuring ecologically resilient future reliable supplies for affected human communities. highlight knowledge gaps avenues research advance our understanding support sustainable post-disturbance policies Columbia elsewhere.

Language: Английский

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Quantifying changes in age distributions and the hydrologic balance of a high-mountain watershed from climate induced variations in recharge

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 522, P. 152 - 162

Published: Dec. 27, 2014

Language: Английский

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Spin‐up behavior and effects of initial conditions for an integrated hydrologic model

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 51(4), P. 2188 - 2210

Published: Feb. 26, 2015

Abstract Initial conditions have been shown to a strong effect on outputs of surface water models, but their impact integrated hydrologic models is not well documented. We investigated the effects initial an model 5632 km 2 domain in northeastern U.S. Simulations were run for year 1980 using four spanning range average depth table, including 1 m (“wet”), 3m, 5m, and 7 (“dry”) below land surface. Model showed significant basin‐averaged variables such as subsurface storage, runoff, with greatest observed storage runoff. Effects related meteorological conditions, precipitation reducing Additionally, feedbacks between soil moisture land‐energy fluxes affected impacts conditions: higher temperatures magnified differences recharge, discharge among initial‐condition scenarios. Ten recursive runs conducted wet dry Spin‐up times varied by components considerably smaller land‐surface states fluxes. was slower than indicating longer system memory conditions. These variations persistence should be taken into consideration when designing initialization approaches. More broadly, this behavior indicative increased years opposed systems.

Language: Английский

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Soil acidity and exchangeable base cation stocks under pure and mixed stands of European beech, Douglas fir and Norway spruce

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 415(1-2), P. 393 - 405

Published: Jan. 10, 2017

Language: Английский

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