Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9(15)
Published: March 25, 2022
Exosomes
are
extracellular
vesicles
that
share
components
of
their
parent
cells
and
attractive
in
biotechnology
biomedical
research
as
potential
disease
biomarkers
well
therapeutic
agents.
Crucial
to
realizing
this
is
the
ability
manufacture
high-quality
exosomes;
however,
unlike
biologics
such
proteins,
exosomes
lack
standardized
Good
Manufacturing
Practices
for
processing
characterization.
Furthermore,
there
a
well-characterized
reference
exosome
materials
aid
selection
methods
isolation,
purification,
analysis.
This
review
informs
technology
development
by
comparing
characterization
recommending
workflows.
also
provides
detailed
introduction
exosomes,
including
physical
chemical
properties,
roles
normal
biological
processes
progression,
summarizes
some
on-going
clinical
trials.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: April 2, 2019
Tumor-derived
exosomes
(TDEs)
participate
in
formation
and
progression
of
different
cancer
processes,
including
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
remodeling,
angiogenesis,
invasion,
metastasis
drug-resistance.
Exosomes
initiate
or
suppress
various
signaling
pathways
the
recipient
cells
via
transmitting
heterogeneous
cargoes.
In
this
review
we
discuss
exosome
biogenesis,
mediated
chemoresistance.
Furthermore,
derived
role
angiogenesis
is
reviewed.
Also,
induction
epithelial
mesenchymal
transition
(EMT)
highlighted.
More
importantly,
extensively
how
regulate
drug
resistance
several
cancers.
Thus,
understanding
their
contents
molecular
mechanisms
that
are
responsible
for
drug-resistance
by
TDEs
may
help
to
devise
novel
therapeutic
approaches
particularly
overcome
therapy-resistance
preventing
as
major
factors
mortality.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
117(3), P. 901 - 986
Published: Jan. 3, 2017
In
vivo
imaging,
which
enables
us
to
peer
deeply
within
living
subjects,
is
producing
tremendous
opportunities
both
for
clinical
diagnostics
and
as
a
research
tool.
Contrast
material
often
required
clearly
visualize
the
functional
architecture
of
physiological
structures.
Recent
advances
in
nanomaterials
are
becoming
pivotal
generate
high-resolution,
high-contrast
images
needed
accurate,
precision
diagnostics.
Nanomaterials
playing
major
roles
imaging
by
delivering
large
payloads,
yielding
improved
sensitivity,
multiplexing
capacity,
modularity
design.
Indeed,
several
modalities,
now
not
simply
ancillary
contrast
entities,
but
instead
original
sole
source
image
signal
that
make
possible
modality's
existence.
We
address
physicochemical
makeup/design
through
lens
physical
properties
produce
cognate
modality-we
stratify
on
basis
their
(i)
magnetic,
(ii)
optical,
(iii)
acoustic,
and/or
(iv)
nuclear
properties.
evaluate
them
ability
provide
relevant
information
under
preclinical
circumstances,
safety
profiles
(which
being
incorporated
into
chemical
design),
fused
create
multimodal
(spanning
multiple
different
modalities
therapeutic/theranostic
capabilities),
key
properties,
critically
likelihood
be
clinically
translated.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Nov. 19, 2020
Abstract
Background
Mounting
evidence
has
demonstrated
the
vital
importance
of
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
and
exosomes
in
formation
premetastatic
niche.
However,
molecular
mechanisms
by
which
tumor-derived
exosomal
miRNAs
interact
with
TAMs
underlying
niche
colorectal
cancer
liver
metastasis
(CRLM)
remain
largely
unknown.
Methods
Transmission
electron
microscopy
differential
ultracentrifugation
were
used
to
verify
existence
exosomes.
In
vivo
vitro
assays
identify
roles
miR-934.
RNA
pull-down
assay,
dual-luciferase
reporter
etc.
applied
clarify
mechanism
miR-934
regulated
crosstalk
between
CRC
cells
M2
macrophages.
Results
present
study,
we
first
aberrant
overexpression
(CRC),
especially
CRLM,
its
correlation
poor
prognosis
patients.
Then,
verified
that
cell-derived
induced
macrophage
polarization
downregulating
PTEN
expression
activating
PI3K/AKT
signaling
pathway.
Moreover,
revealed
hnRNPA2B1
mediated
packaging
into
then
transferred
Interestingly,
polarized
could
induce
promote
CRLM
secreting
CXCL13,
activated
a
CXCL13/CXCR5/NFκB/p65/miR-934
positive
feedback
loop
cells.
Conclusions
These
findings
indicate
can
regulating
TAMs.
reveal
tumor
TAM
interaction
metastatic
microenvironment
affects
CRLM.
The
study
also
provides
theoretical
basis
for
secondary
cancer.
Biomolecular Detection and Quantification,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
17, P. 100087 - 100087
Published: March 1, 2019
An
increasing
number
of
studies
demonstrate
the
potential
use
cell-free
DNA
(cfDNA)
as
a
surrogate
marker
for
multiple
indications
in
cancer,
including
diagnosis,
prognosis,
and
monitoring.
However,
harnessing
full
cfDNA
requires
(i)
optimization
standardization
preanalytical
steps,
(ii)
refinement
current
analysis
strategies,
and,
perhaps
most
importantly,
(iii)
significant
improvements
our
understanding
its
origin,
physical
properties,
dynamics
circulation.
The
latter
knowledge
is
crucial
interpreting
associations
between
changes
baseline
characteristics
clinical
manifestations
cancer.
In
this
review
we
explore
recent
advancements
highlight
gaps
concerning
each
point
contact
different
stages
cancer
management.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
10(4), P. 218 - 218
Published: Nov. 6, 2018
The
similarities
between
exosomes
and
liposomes,
together
with
the
high
organotropism
of
several
types
exosomes,
have
recently
prompted
development
engineered-exosomes
or
exosome-mimetics,
which
may
be
artificial
(liposomal)
cell-derived
vesicles,
as
advanced
platforms
for
targeted
drug
delivery.
Here,
we
provide
current
state-of-the-art
using
exosome
exosome-inspired
systems
We
review
various
approaches
investigated
shortcomings
each
approach.
Finally
challenges
been
identified
to
date
in
this
field
are
summarized.
