Association between childhood maltreatment and social functioning in individuals with affective disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 148(2), P. 142 - 164

Published: April 27, 2023

Abstract Objective Childhood maltreatment has been linked to impairments in social functioning and cognition adults with affective disorders. However, conclusions have limited by inconsistent findings across different subtypes domains. We conducted a systematic review meta‐analysis quantify associations between childhood (overall ‐ physical, emotional and/or sexual abuse, physical neglect) domains of disorders (bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder). also examined effect moderators mediators these associations. Methods A search was performed on 12.12.2022 which identified 29 studies included qualitative synthesis ( n = 3022 individuals disorders), 27 2957) were pooled meta‐analyses. Across studies, five examined, four two had sufficient data for (PROSPERO CRD42022288976). Results Social functioning: associated lower global r −0.11 −0.20), poorer interpersonal relations −0.18 −0.33), aggressive behaviour 0.20–0.29) but unrelated vocational functioning. Emotional abuse neglect showed the largest magnitudes effect. cognition: there no meta‐analytic evidence Exploratory moderation analyses did not identify any consistent moderators. Narrative attachment style as possible moderator, sensory patterns, anxiety, symptoms outcomes. Overall, available limited, particularly relation cognition. Conclusions Adults are at risk difficulties after exposure, an observed multiple subtypes, domains, diagnoses. Addressing problems may benefit maltreated both bipolar disorder.

Language: Английский

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Parenting Practices May Buffer the Impact of Adversity on Epigenetic Age Acceleration Among Young Children With Developmental Delays

Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(10), P. 1173 - 1185

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

This study examined whether children exposed to adversity would exhibit lower epigenetic age acceleration in the context of improved parenting. Children with developmental delays and externalizing behavior problems ( N = 62; M 36.26 months; 70.97% boys, 29.03% girls; 71% Latinx, 22.6% Black) were drawn from a larger randomized controlled trial (RCT), which them receive Internet-delivered parent–child interaction therapy (iPCIT; n 30) or community referrals as usual (RAU; 32). Epigenetic was estimated pediatric buccal clock, using saliva. Adversity assessed parent, family, neighborhood-level cumulative-risk indicators. interacted Time 2 (T2) observations positive negative-parenting practices predict 1.5 years later, regardless treatment assignment. more displayed when parents evidenced increased b −0.15, p .001) decreased negative −0.12, .01) parenting practices.

Language: Английский

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Preliminary examination of the effects of an early parenting intervention on amygdala-orbitofrontal cortex resting-state functional connectivity among high-risk children: A randomized clinical trial

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Abstract We examined the long-term causal effects of an evidence-based parenting program delivered in infancy on children’s emotion regulation and resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) during middle childhood. Families were referred to study by Child Protective Services (CPS) as part a diversion from foster care program. A low-risk group families was also recruited. CPS-involved randomly assigned receive target (Attachment Biobehavioral Catch-up, ABC) or control intervention (Developmental Education for Families, DEF) before infants turned 2. Both interventions home-based, manualized, 10-sessions long. During childhood, children underwent 6-min MRI scan. Amygdala seed-based rs-fc analysis completed with group-level predictor interest. Fifty-seven ( N ABC = 21; DEF 17; COMP 19; M age 10.02 years, range 8.08–12.14) scanned successfully. The evidenced negative left amygdala↔OFC connectivity, whereas near zero comparison groups (ABCvsDEF: Cohen’s d 1.17). may enhance high-risk regulatory neurobiology outcomes ∼8 years after completed.

Language: Английский

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Do dyadic interventions impact biomarkers of child health? A state-of-the-science narrative review

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 106949 - 106949

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

Early life adversity is related to numerous poor health outcomes in childhood; however, dyadic interventions that promote sensitive and responsive caregiving may protect children from the negative consequences of such exposures. To date, quasi-experimental randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined impact on a range individual biomarkers children, which elucidate relation between early stress exposure transdiagnostic risk factors for prospective health. However, content interventions, analytic strategies, findings vary widely across studies, obscuring key themes science hindering policy research efforts.

Language: Английский

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Linking caregiving quality during infancy to brain activity in early childhood and later executive function

Developmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2024

There is no relationship more vital than the one a child shares with their primary caregivers early in development. Yet many children worldwide are raised settings that lack warmth, connection, and stimulation provided by responsive caregiver. In this study, we used data from Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP), longitudinal study of institutionally-reared family-reared children, to test how caregiving quality during infancy associated average EEG power over first 3.5 years life alpha, beta, theta frequency bands, associations later executive function (EF) at age 8 years. The sample comprised 189 (129 institutionally-reared; 60 family-reared) who contributed on observed (baseline; 22 months), resting baseline, 30, 42 months, performance-based series EF tasks Using Bayesian estimation, baseline was marginally linked higher alpha beta power, lower months. turn, were indirect effects models, years, marginal effect through Variation environment may be function, which partially underpinned individual differences brain activity childhood. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Examined between infancy, childhood, mid-childhood never-institutionalized children. Significant middle Marginal childhood mid-childhood.

Language: Английский

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An Integrative Data Analysis of Main and Moderated Crossover Effects of Parent-Mediated Interventions on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Youth in Foster Care

Prevention Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(8), P. 1547 - 1557

Published: March 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Understanding the development of chronic loneliness in youth

Child Development Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 44 - 53

Published: Dec. 22, 2023

Abstract Loneliness becomes more prevalent as youth transition from childhood into adolescence. A key underlying process may be the puberty‐related increase in biological stress reactivity, which can alter social behavior and elicit conflict or withdrawal ( fight‐or‐flight behaviors) some youth, but prosocial tend‐and‐befriend ) responses others. In this article, we propose an integrative theoretical model that identifies social, personality, characteristics individual differences social–behavioral to stress. This posits a vicious cycle whereby who respond with tendencies develop increasing chronic levels of loneliness across adolescence, whereas display behaviors buffered these consequences. Based on research supporting model, multiple avenues for intervention curtail prevalence adolescence by targeting factors involved its development: relationships, stress‐induced behavioral changes.

Language: Английский

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One Day Away from Mum has Lifelong Consequences on Brain and Behaviour

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 525, P. 51 - 66

Published: June 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cohort Profile: A study of intergenerational risk and resilience after war and forced displacement

Published: April 15, 2024

This cohort profile paper describes a large longitudinal prenatal birth study with Rohingya refugee and host communities in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Over the course of 12 months, this recruited 2889 pregnant women, subsample husbands (N=853), and, where present, an existing child aged 36 to 60 months (Early Years / EY; n=527). At time writing paper, 1967 women had live (Prenatal Cohort PN; target child). started as part set activities conducted under LEGO Foundation funded Play Learn initiative aimed at building evidence base on early childhood development humanitarian settings. To our knowledge, it is first ever starting prenatally forcibly displaced population residing low- or middle-income country (LMIC). provides details design protocol, reports data from completed recruitment wave.

Language: Английский

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Predictors of mental health during young people's transition from out-of-home care in Austria

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 107139 - 107139

Published: Nov. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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