Climate change vulnerability assessment of species

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2018

Assessing species' vulnerability to climate change is a prerequisite for developing effective strategies conserve them. The last three decades have seen exponential growth in the number of studies evaluating how, how much, why, when, and where species will be impacted by change. We provide an overview rapidly field assessment (CCVA) describe key concepts, terms, steps considerations. stress importance identifying full range pressures, impacts their associated mechanisms that face using this as basis selecting appropriate approaches quantifying vulnerability. outline four CCVA approaches, namely trait‐based, correlative, mechanistic combined discuss use. Since any can deliver unreliable or even misleading results when incorrect data parameters are applied, we finding, selecting, applying input examples open‐access resources. Because rare, small‐range, declining‐range often particular conservation concern while also posing significant challenges CCVA, alternative ways assess CCVAs used inform IUCN Red List assessments extinction risk. Finally, suggest future directions propose areas research efforts may particularly valuable. This article categorized under: Climate, Ecology, Conservation > Extinction Risk

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific trait variation in plants: a renewed focus on its role in ecological processes

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 127(4), P. 397 - 410

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Investigating the causes and consequences of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in plants is not novel, as it has long been recognized that such shapes biotic abiotic interactions. While evolutionary population biology have extensively investigated ITV, only last 10 years interest ITV surged within community comparative ecology.

Language: Английский

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Burning questions for a warming and changing world: 15 unknowns in plant abiotic stress

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 67 - 108

Published: Aug. 26, 2022

We present unresolved questions in plant abiotic stress biology as posed by 15 research groups with expertise spanning eco-physiology to cell and molecular biology. Common themes of these include the need better understand how plants detect water availability, temperature, salinity, rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels; environmental signals interface endogenous signaling development (e.g. circadian clock flowering time); this integrated controls downstream responses stomatal regulation, proline metabolism, growth versus defense balance). The plasma membrane comes up frequently a site key transport events mechanosensing lipid-derived signaling, aquaporins). Adaptation extremes CO2 affects hydraulic architecture transpiration, well root shoot morphology, ways not fully understood. Environmental adaptation involves tradeoffs that limit ecological distribution crop resilience face changing increasingly unpredictable environments. Exploration diversity within among species can help us know which represent fundamental limits ones be circumvented bringing new trait combinations together. Better defining what constitutes beneficial resistance different contexts making connections between genes phenotypes, laboratory field observations, are overarching challenges.

Language: Английский

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Bridging the gap: a genetic assessment framework for population‐level threatened plant conservation prioritization and decision‐making

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 174 - 188

Published: Oct. 29, 2015

Abstract Aim Maintaining genetic diversity and evolutionary processes are important goals in plant conservation. Genetic studies increasingly undertaken but results from such still rarely implemented as management actions the field. We address this ‘research‐implementation gap’ by developing a plain‐language assessment approach for population‐level conservation prioritization based on measurement of key parameters. Our aim was to improve understanding between researchers practitioners, enabling practitioners incorporate information into research explicitly resulting action. Location Applicable globally. Methods derived decision‐making framework that identifies appropriate strategies threatened populations level differentiation ( F ST ), (expected heterozygosity, H E ) inbreeding IS characterized ‘high’ or ‘low’ comparison with reference benchmark. demonstrate application two case plants more broadly literature. Results Applying decision framework, we found Prostanthera eurybioides, population concern does not currently require specialized mitigation ecological threats should be prioritized instead. For Allocasuarina robusta , connectivity high put place maintain gene flow. In both cases, designing restocking accounting structure source recipient populations. From literature, examples species types fit each scenarios given. Main conclusions find our simplified helps clarify flora, assist bridging gap integrated outcomes. could equally apply fauna consideration animal‐specific issues.

Language: Английский

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A Bigger Toolbox: Biotechnology in Biodiversity Conservation

Trends in biotechnology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 55 - 65

Published: July 14, 2016

Language: Английский

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Assisted migration within species range ignores biotic interactions and lacks evidence

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 14 - 18

Published: Oct. 11, 2016

Abstract In the context of climate change, many plant species may have problems adapting or dispersing rapidly enough to keep pace with changing environmental conditions. Given these potential problems, some experts argue against using local ecotypes for ecosystem restoration. Instead, they propose use foreign that are adapted predicted in an approach called assisted migration within range predictive provenancing. I such actions cause a mismatch biotic interactions and negative effects on other organisms. As such, should only be considered cases when would fail ensure services. fact, there is little experimental evidence so far, what does not seem support its use. Even altered climates, mostly performed equally well better than ones selected their adaptations climates. The reason even if adaptation plays role, this factor overridden by drivers adaptation, as soil interactions. Despite being popular concept repeatedly commended scientific literature propagated among practitioners, it universal tool improve restoration outcomes during change. lack hard data, call large‐scale multispecies studies will provide necessary derive general guidelines recommendations management ecosystems

Language: Английский

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Priority Actions to Improve Provenance Decision-Making

BioScience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 68(7), P. 510 - 516

Published: April 26, 2018

Selecting the geographic origin—the provenance—of seed is a key decision in restoration. The last decade has seen vigorous debate on whether to use local or nonlocal seed. of been preferred approach because it expected maintain adaptation and avoid deleterious population effects (e.g., maladaptation outbreeding depression). However, impacts habitat fragmentation climate change plant populations have driven local-is-best standard needs changing. This largely theoretical nature, which hampers provenance decision-making. Here, we detail cross-sector priority actions improve decision-making, including embedding trials into restoration projects; developing dynamic, evidence-based policies; establishing stronger research–practitioner collaborations facilitate adoption research outcomes. We discuss how tackle these order help satisfy sector's requirement for appropriately provenanced

Language: Английский

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Genomic Studies of Local Adaptation in Natural Plant Populations

Journal of Heredity, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 109(1), P. 3 - 15

Published: Oct. 12, 2017

Local adaptation arises as a result of selection by the local environment favoring phenotypes that enhance fitness. Geographic patterns phenotypic variation are in part due to this selective process. Classically, genetic basis those has been studied plant populations using quantitative approach which plants from different source grown common environments, reciprocal transplant experiments, or studies across wide geographic and environmentally heterogeneous area. Limitations these approaches understanding can now be addressed with next generation sequencing, gene expression profiles, epigenetic analysis. In paper, I summarize contemporary genomic research on comparing findings Arabidopsis annual model system long-lived tree species four kinds studies: 1) experiments; 2) landscape studies; 3) 4) adaptation. Although basic study designs garden, transplants, have remained constant, inclusion provided substantive advances our underpinnings adaptation, including impact climate, identification candidate genes involved genotype-by-environment interactions, evidence for potential role modification. Despite advances, new questions arising key areas future include more exploration networks response biotic abiotic stressors improved statistical tools traits polygenic inheritance.

Language: Английский

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Simulating forest resilience: A review

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 2082 - 2096

Published: Oct. 8, 2020

Simulation models are important tools for quantifying the resilience (i.e., persistence under changed environmental conditions) of forest ecosystems to global change. We synthesized modelling literature on resilience, summarizing common and applications in research, scrutinizing implementation mechanisms these models. Models applied assess highly diverse, our goal was how well they account identified experimental empirical research.

Language: Английский

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Invoking adaptation to decipher the genetic legacy of past climate change

Ecology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 99(7), P. 1530 - 1546

Published: May 5, 2018

Abstract Persistence of natural populations during periods climate change is likely to depend on migration (range shifts) or adaptation. These responses were traditionally considered discrete processes and conceptually divided into the realms ecology evolution. In a milestone paper, Davis Shaw (2001) Science 292:673 argued that interplay adaptation was central biotic Quaternary climate, but since then there has been no synthesis efforts made set up this research program. Here we review some salient findings from molecular genetic studies assessing ecological evolutionary change. have revolutionized our understanding population associated with past species migration. However, knowledge remains limited about role selection for local environmental fluctuations range shifts, footprints might left extant populations. Next‐generation sequencing technologies, high‐resolution paleoclimate analyses, advances in theory offer an unprecedented opportunity test hypotheses through time. Recent genomics greatly improved contemporary environments shaping spatial patterns diversity across modern‐day landscapes. Advances burgeoning field provide important conceptual methodological bases decipher historical assess variation. We suggest process called “temporal conditional neutrality” taken place: alleles favored glacial become selectively neutral conditions, whereas had under modern environments. Building view, present new integrative framework addressing demographic adaptive dynamics, agenda initially envisioned by 292:673.

Language: Английский

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