Quantification of habitat fragmentation reveals extinction risk in terrestrial mammals

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 114(29), P. 7635 - 7640

Published: July 3, 2017

Significance Despite the critical threat of habitat fragmentation, global patterns fragmentation and its relationship to extinction risk have not been quantified for any major taxon. We developed high-resolution models that provide a assessment degree impacting world’s terrestrial mammals. Results demonstrate mammals with more are at greater extinction, even after accounting effects key macroecological predictors, such as body size geographic range size. Species higher had smaller ranges lower proportion high-suitability within their range, most occurred outside protected areas, further elevating risk. Quantification will help guide strategic priorities mammal conservation.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of urbanization and landscape pattern on habitat quality using OLS and GWR models in Hangzhou, China

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117, P. 106654 - 106654

Published: July 8, 2020

China has experienced the most serious habitat degradation, especially in fast-growing metropolis cities. Although increasing attentions have been brought to this issue, we still lack understanding of quantitative impacts urbanization and landscape pattern on habitats. In study, used "Integrated Valuation Environmental Services Trade-off" (InVEST) model evaluate quality Hangzhou city. We further employed spatial auto-correlation analyze its spatiotemporal variation characteristics. Finally, ordinary least squares (OLS) geographically weighted regression (GWR) models were explore change quality. The results show that index decreased from 0.608 0.577 during 2004–2015, these areas mainly located around suburb significantly. distribution showed significantly positive auto-correlation, overall degree increased time. Rapid significant negative effects various areas, while magnitude direction differed time space. These provide decision-making criteria for formulating differential urban development policies management measures ecological sustainability.

Language: Английский

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The Relationship between Habitat Loss and Fragmentation during Urbanization: An Empirical Evaluation from 16 World Cities

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. e0154613 - e0154613

Published: April 28, 2016

Urbanization results in habitat loss and fragmentation concurrently, both influencing biodiversity ecological processes. To evaluate these impacts, it is important to understand the relationships between per se (HLHF) during urbanization. The objectives of this study were two-fold: 1) quantify different forms HLHF relationship urbanization using multiple landscape metrics, 2) test validity relations reported literature. Our analysis was based on a long-term dataset (1800–2000) 16 large cities from around world. Habitat area represented as percentage non-built-up landscape, while measured several metrics. show that commonly monotonic—linear, exponential, or logarithmic, indicating degree increases with general. We compared our 14 hypothesized simulated landscapes found literature, four them consistent those urbanization, whereas other ten not. Also, we identified six new when by total core area, normalized patch density, edge density shape index, respectively. In addition, demonstrated "space-for-time" approach, frequently used ecology geography, generated specious relationships, suggesting approach largely inappropriate for analyses urban are highly heterogeneous space unusually contingent dynamics. generalities idiosyncrasies relationship, providing insights assessing effects

Language: Английский

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Evolution of dispersal strategies and dispersal syndromes in fragmented landscapes

Ecography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 56 - 73

Published: Nov. 1, 2016

Habitat fragmentation, an important element of current global change, has profound repercussions on population and species extinction. Landscape fragmentation reduces individual movements between patches (i.e. dispersal) while such connecting enhance the persistence metapopulations metacommunities. Through recognition non‐random movements, dispersal recently been recognized as a highly complex process. This complexity likely changes predictions evolution in spatially structured populations communities. In this article, we emphasize effects dispersal. may shape local selective pressures acting large array phenotypic traits known to covary with behaviors. On top propensity, habitat could therefore modify syndromes dispersers' specializations). often leads spatial structuring conditions consequently lead different at landscape scale. By neglecting impacts syndromes, might underestimate crucial biodiversity level for metapopulation metacommunity functioning. We highlight set priorities future empirical theoretical work that together would provide understanding eco‐evolutionary dynamics required improving our ability predict manage

Language: Английский

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Experimental evidence does not support the Habitat Amount Hypothesis

Ecography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 48 - 55

Published: Nov. 1, 2016

For a half century, habitat configuration – the arrangement of patches within landscape has been central to theories ecology, population dynamics, and community assembly, in addition conservation strategies. A recent hypothesis advanced by Fahrig (2013) would, if supported, greatly diminish relevance as predictor diversity. The Habitat Amount Hypothesis posits that sample area effect overrides patch size isolation effects fragmentation on species richness. It predicts amount local landscape, regardless configuration, is main landscape‐level determinant If indeed major, driver richness, slopes species–area relationship (SAR) for otherwise similar fragmented unfragmented landscapes should be indistinguishable. We tested with data from two replicated controlled experiments disentangle configuration. One experiment provided time‐series plant richness other micro‐arthropod found that, relative less habitats, SARs habitats have significantly higher magnitude difference increased over time. Relatively more were lost smaller areas when fragments isolated. In both experiments, proportion due was nearly identical reduced amount. Our results provide direct experimentally derived refutation Hypothesis, supporting long‐held view area, are important determinants Differences between non‐fragmented increase time, demonstrating long‐term studies needed understand fragmentation, above beyond lost.

Language: Английский

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Genetic effects of anthropogenic habitat fragmentation on remnant animal and plant populations: a meta‐analysis

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2018

Abstract Habitat loss and fragmentation are among the biggest threats to biodiversity. Anthropogenic habitat leads small isolated remnant plant animal populations. The combination of increased random genetic drift, inbreeding, reduced gene flow may substantially reduce variation However, magnitude these responses depend on several poorly understood factors including organism group, type both fragment surrounding matrix, life‐history traits, time since fragmentation. We compiled data for 83 52 species conducted a meta‐analysis following best practices evaluate how mediate effects anthropogenic calculated 206 effect sizes as correlations between one four measures population‐level diversity area. All analyses were repeated using models increasing complexity (traditional random‐effects models, multilevel accounting non‐independent data, additionally correcting phylogenetic relatedness). confirmed that has overall negative organisms. Our shows, however, responded in general stronger than largest impacts occurred tropical temperate forest fragments, surrounded by non‐forest matrix. In contrast, we found only weak fragments. Genetic measured mean number alleles ( A ) showed strongest response Expected heterozygosity He percentage polymorphic loci PLP similar but weaker responses. our indicated inbreeding Fis was not measurably affected Additionally, revealed became with age fragments: significant fragments older 50 yr those more recently isolated. meta‐analyses also currently animals underrepresented literature fragmentation, certain geographical regions types. expect future field studies state‐of‐the‐art approaches will provide further evidence effects, which reinforce here reported patterns, even groups yet studied.

Language: Английский

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Forest fragmentation in China and its effect on biodiversity

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 94(5), P. 1636 - 1657

Published: May 6, 2019

Land-use change is fragmenting natural ecosystems, with major consequences for biodiversity. This paper reviews fragmentation trends - historical and current in China, the fourth largest country on Earth, explores its consequences. Remote sensing makes it possible to track land-use at a global scale monitor of dwindling landscapes. Yet few studies have linked mapped remotely impacts biodiversity within human-modified Recent reforestation programs caused substantial increases forest cover but not stopped fragmentation, because new forests are mostly monocultures that further fragment China's remnant old-growth lowland harbour highest levels Fragmentation associated declines unevenly distributed forests, being most problematic where agricultural expansion occurring southwest northeast, serious densely populated eastern regions urbanisation transport infrastructure modifying landscapes, less problem other regions. Analyses temporal show drivers shifting from mainly development. Most persist small, isolated fragments which many native species disappeared, land unsuitable human utilisation. throughout China likely conservation, considered these large-scale processes national level. Our review fills this research gap puts forward systematic perspective relevant beyond.

Language: Английский

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Monitoring spatio-temporal dynamics of habitat quality in Nansihu Lake basin, eastern China, from 1980 to 2015

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 716 - 723

Published: March 27, 2019

Language: Английский

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Connecting models, data, and concepts to understand fragmentation's ecosystem‐wide effects

Ecography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 1 - 8

Published: Dec. 22, 2016

Language: Английский

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Land-use change in Changli County, China: Predicting its spatio-temporal evolution in habitat quality

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117, P. 106719 - 106719

Published: July 16, 2020

Rapid urbanisation and expansion of residential, industrial, traffic areas have greatly changed regional land-use patterns directly affected habitat quality biodiversity. Assessing predicting the spatio-temporal evolution future development trends under influence change can provide a scientific basis for natural environment conservation planning. To calculate across space time, we used different data sources including surveys, meteorology, statistical yearbooks, digital elevation model in Changli County. We modelled past, present with two models (Cellular automata-Markov CLUE-S) integrated them separately to modelling using valuation environmental services trade-offs model. With this aimed reference implementations ecological restoration work adjustments policies decision-makers. The estimations showed that declined from 2004 2028 because continuous increase residential land area, whereas other types continued decline. Furthermore study new method monitoring simulating quality.

Language: Английский

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