The impact of cytokines in neuroinflammation-mediated stroke

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 105 - 119

Published: July 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Role of Nanotechnology in Ischemic Stroke: Advancements in Targeted Therapies and Diagnostics for Enhanced Clinical Outcomes

Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 8 - 8

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Each year, the number of cases strokes and deaths due to this is increasing around world. This could be work stress, lifestyles, unhealthy food habits, several other reasons. Currently, there are traditional methods like thrombolysis mechanical thrombectomy for managing strokes. The current approach has limitations, delayed diagnosis, limited therapeutic delivery, risks secondary injuries. So, a need some effective reliable management strokes, which help in early diagnosis followed by treatment Nanotechnology played an immense role recently, it emerged as transformative solution offering innovative diagnostic tools strategies. Nanoparticles (NPs) belonging classes, including metallic (metallic metal oxide), organic (lipids, liposome), carbon, can cross blood–brain barrier may exhibit potential various Moreover, these NPs have exhibited promise improving imaging specificity delivery precise drug real-time monitoring efficacy. Nanomaterials cerium oxide (CeO2) liposome-encapsulated agents neuroprotective properties that reduce oxidative stress promote neuroregeneration. In present article, authors emphasized significant advancements nanomedicine stroke, NPs-based systems, neuroregenerative therapies, multimodal advancements.

Language: Английский

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MST1, a novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease, regulates mitochondrial homeostasis by mediating mitochondrial DNA transcription and the PI3K-Akt-ROS pathway

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent irreversible neurodegenerative condition marked by gradual cognitive deterioration and neuronal loss. The mammalian Ste20-like kinase (MST1)–Hippo pathway pivotal in regulating cell apoptosis, immune response, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress. However, the association between MST1 function AD remains unknown. Therefore, this study investigates effect of on damage impairment homeostasis AD. In study, 4- 7-month-old 5xFAD mice were selected to simulate early middle stages AD, respectively; age-matched wild-type served as controls for comparative analysis. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) was injected into hippocampus mice. Four weeks post-injection, indicators, morphology, dynamics, stress, ATP, apoptosis-related indicators evaluated. Additionally, RNA-sequencing performed hippocampal tissue MST1-knockdown Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) analyses differentially expressed genes elucidate potential mechanism MST1. vitro studies investigate effects SH-SY5Y model viability validate underlying molecular mechanisms. overexpression accelerated degeneration deficits vivo while promoting stress damage. Similarly, vitro, facilitated apoptosis dysfunction. knockdown chemical inactivation reduced decline, dysfunction, degeneration. Mechanistically, regulated transcription genes, including MT-ND4L, MT-ATP6, MT-CO2, binding PGC1α. Moreover, influenced cellular through PI3K-Akt-ROS pathway, ultimately disrupting mediating Cumulatively, these results suggest that primarily regulates DNA levels interacting with PGC1α modulates homeostasis. This discovery can be exploited potentially enhance energy metabolism pathways targeting MST1, offering novel therapeutic targets treating

Language: Английский

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Exploring therapeutical targets and innovative treatments for ischemic stroke: a comprehensive review

Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 459 - 484

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

This review focuses on the current advances in field of therapeutic targets and treatments for stroke. Stroke is a major health problem worldwide, with significant impacts morbidity mortality, considerable burden medical socio-economic systems. provides comprehensive overview state knowledge acute targets. Current stroke like recanalization therapies focus mainly restoring blood flow to brain, reducing cell death, preventing further damage, but have limitations terms efficacy long-term outcomes. Besides (mobile units, telerehabilitation) targets, longer-term such as neuroprotection neuroregeneration. Neuroprotective strategies target mechanisms underlying energy failure, cellular acidosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, excitotoxicity, calcium channels dysregulation, oxidative neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, apoptosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury. Neuroregenerative approaches include stem therapy, gene growth factors, rehabilitation techniques that promote rewiring neuronal circuits brain. Non-pharmacological neurostimulation bioengineering are also presented. Additionally, we highlight challenges future directions translating these into clinical practice. Overall, treatment ischemic complex multifaceted process requires combination measures well brain repair recovery. The has made progress recent years development new ongoing research improve outcomes patients. However, before can be successfully integrated routine practise, needed establish standardised protocols, overcome methodological limitations, challenges. By deepening our understanding pathophysiology developing innovative treatments, quality life survivors.

Language: Английский

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MAM-mediated mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress: the hidden regulators of ischemic stroke

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

Ischemic stroke (IS) is the predominant subtype of and a leading contributor to global mortality. The mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) specialized region that facilitates communication between mitochondria, has been extensively investigated in context neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, its precise involvement IS remains elusive. This literature review elucidates intricate MAM mitophagy stress during IS. PINK1, FUNDC1, Beclin1, Mfn2 are highly concentrated play crucial role regulating mitochondrial autophagy. GRP78, IRE1, PERK, Sig-1R participate unfolded protein response (UPR) within MAM, Hence, diverse molecules on operate independently interact with each other, collectively contributing pathogenesis as covert orchestrator.

Language: Английский

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Silencing lncRNA GABPB1-AS1 alleviates cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through the miR-641/NUCKS1 axis

American Journal of Translational Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 2963 - 2972

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

To investigate the possible mechanism of lncRNA GA binding protein transcription factor beta subunit 1 antisense RNA (GABPB1-AS1) in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury.

Language: Английский

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