Increased risk of dementia in Type 1 diabetes: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112043 - 112043

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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“When the Word Is Too Big, It’s Just Too Hard”: Stroke Survivors’ Perspectives About Health Literacy and Delivery of Health Information

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 541 - 541

Published: March 3, 2025

Background: Health literacy can impact comprehension, recall, and implementation of stroke-related information, especially in the context cognitive communication impairments, cultural-linguistic diversity, or ageing. Yet there are few published lived experience perspectives to inform tailoring health information. Objectives: We aimed (i) explore about on information needs preferences stroke survivors with diverse characteristics; (ii) identify ways better tailor delivery for low literacy. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using Ophelia (Optimising Literacy Access) methodology. First, collected from participants. Hierarchical cluster analysis used different profiles within participant sample. Four were identified, which four case vignettes created. Second, focus groups interviews vignettes. Qualitative data analysed reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Nineteen people participated (median (IQR) age = 65 (49, 69), 10 (53%) female); five interpreters. Participants represented socioeconomic, cultural, characteristics, generally had themes generated highlighting Individual knowledge, capacity, beliefs services people's capacity engage information; Tailoring personalisation patient's beliefs; Having a support network rely on; patients Feeling like I am safe hands clinicians services. Conclusions: Findings provide several important directions improving accessible suitable all levels literacy, optimise patient understanding, healthcare

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the VaLiANT (Valued Living After Neurological Trauma) group intervention for improving adjustment to life with acquired brain injury: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 29

Published: March 18, 2025

There is a need for accessible rehabilitation that promotes meaningful participation, wellbeing, and adjustment to life with acquired brain injury (ABI). VaLiANT (Valued Living After Neurological Trauma) an 8-week holistic group intervention integrates Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) cognitive techniques support reengagement in life. This Phase II pilot randomized controlled trial explored feasibility preliminary efficacy signals determine the viability of larger trial. Adults (>3 months post-ABI) were randomly allocated plus treatment-as-usual (TAU), or TAU waitlist-control, assessments at baseline, post-intervention (8 weeks), follow-up (16 weeks). Feasibility criteria included recruitment, dropout, outcome assessment completion, adherence, delivery fidelity. Preliminary treatment effects assessed on range adjustment-related outcomes using mixed linear models, proportions reliable change, minimal clinically important differences. 54 participants recruited (Mage = 50.6, Myears-post-injury 5.4) predominately stroke (52%) traumatic (22%). All met. Treatment identified measures psychological distress, experiential avoidance, valued living, self-identity, but not quality-of-life, wellbeing. A viable will benefit from refinement first improve its impact all intended outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Neurobiological effects of music-making interventions for older adults: a systematic review

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 37(1)

Published: April 2, 2025

Evidence on the impact of music-making interventions brain plasticity in older adults is limited. To investigate whether induce neurobiological changes and if such relate to cognitive improvements. A systematic search was conducted Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus. Inclusion criteria targeted randomised controlled trials with (with without mild impairment [MCI]), as exposure, measures primary outcome. Six studies (555 cognitively intact adults) met inclusion criteria-five used piano training, one choral singing. Three had overlapping cohorts, four a high risk bias. One study employed electroencephalography (EEG) measure frontal parietal activity, while five structural MRI assess cortical, subcortical, white matter integrity. Methodological heterogeneity limited comparability. Findings group included increased theta power during an improvisation task, greater grey volume dorsolateral prefrontal cortex cerebellum, slower fibre density decline fornix preserved right auditory hippocampus. Only reported positive correlation between executive functioning No assessed outcomes MCI. neuroplasticity remains inconclusive due studies, bias, methodological variability. While preliminary findings suggest potential interventions, there insufficient evidence draw firm conclusions. High-quality are needed clarify music-making, particularly MCI populations.

Language: Английский

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Formulating Cognitive Functioning to Guide Personalised Treatment for People Diagnosed With Mental Disorders

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Introduction Objective and subjective cognitive impairment are highly prevalent in mental disorders transdiagnostic phenomena. Cognitive is associated with poorer functional outcomes therefore requires treatment, but little guidance available for clinicians. The aim of this article to provide formulating an individual's profile how can be used personalise treatments optimum outcomes. Methods We first critique current models psychopathology relation assessing addressing functioning the clinic. This followed by a description key methods objective information formulate patient's tailor treatment. Results Within psychopathology, cognition inadequately or simplistically represented, only viewed from deficit lens without considering strengths, does not consider perceptions functioning, therefore, generally utility guiding clinical practice. Both (strengths weaknesses) estimated change premorbid levels considerations tailoring treatments. assessed using standardised tests through normative idiographic methods, respectively. Subjective perception neglected important additional aspect that warrants assessment. complete guide selection cognition‐focused treatments, including psychoeducation, lifestyle adaptations, remediation, compensatory strategies, environmental supports, psychological therapy, medication review. Conclusions propose should addition presenting because it independent predictor outcomes, which enhance personalised care. recommend both treatment optimal promote culture recovery includes health.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Cognitive Rehabilitation on Cognitive and Functional Outcomes in Adult Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review

Seminars in Oncology Nursing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(5), P. 151696 - 151696

Published: July 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neurobiology and medico-legal aspects of suicides among older adults: a narrative review

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

The task of preventing suicide in older adults is an important social burden as aged above 65 are exposed to singular psychological aspects that increase risks. Moreover, when adult corpse found, the medico-legal inspection represents a fundamental tool identify exact cause death, classifying or excluding it suicide. In this scenario, review aims explore neurobiological factors could be related suicidal behavior adults. A further goal exploration surrounding suicides, clarifying importance forensic investigation. Particularly, examines issues such neurotransmitter imbalances, cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, psychosocial geriatric suicide, and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, policy considerations, legal frameworks, mental health assessments, ethical implications investigation were explored. Considering phenomenon, especially western countries, need has emerged for focused screening tools on among adults, order contain it. Therefore, makes exhaustive appraisal literature giving insights into delicate interplay between neurobiology well relation within context. comprehension different about complex phenomenon propose new more effective interventions, supporting tailored initiatives family support improving healthcare, specifically towards vulnerable ageing societies reduce

Language: Английский

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Implementation of Cognitive (Neuropsychological) Interventions for Older Adults in Clinical or Community Settings: A Scoping Review

Neuropsychology Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract Despite compelling evidence that cognitive interventions for older adults improve cognition, mood, and everyday function, few are implemented in clinical or community practice. This scoping review aims to understand the implementation frameworks methods used their contribution success of adults. We followed Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-analysis extension Scoping (PRISMA-ScR), searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PSYCINFO databases, using terms related interventions, implementation, resulted 5002 studies, which 29 were included following an iterative process. Most studies reported on stimulation people with dementia. Only four formal frameworks, three RE-AIM, one a process evaluation complexity theory. The most frequently addressed concepts Acceptability, Feasibility, Effectiveness, while Cost, Cost-Effectiveness, Maintenance rarely reported. Solutions common barriers importance good stakeholder relationships engagement, manualised intervention flexible enough adapt context, ensuring facilitators well-trained, confident, enthusiastic.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive rehabilitation in posterior cortical atrophy

Practical Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. pn - 004259

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

Posterior cortical atrophy is an uncommon type of dementia often caused by Alzheimer's disease and characterised progressive loss visuospatial perceptual abilities. Although there no curative treatment, patients may benefit from a range symptom-based techniques strategies to address deficits apraxia, reduce disability. Specific based on visual tactile cues, adapted assistive equipment, environmental modifications skill training help people with posterior continue carry activities that are important them. We share vignettes treated in our clinics illustrate the practical delivery potential impact these therapies.

Language: Английский

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Online Group Cognitive Rehabilitation Program for Prostate Cancer Survivors: Development Using Codesign and the Theoretical Domains Framework

Seminars in Oncology Nursing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(5), P. 151695 - 151695

Published: July 25, 2024

This study aimed to describe the adaptation of a group cognitive rehabilitation program for prostate cancer survivors (PCS) via telehealth delivery using codesign approach with PCS experiencing cancer-related impairment. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) also informed intervention development.

Language: Английский

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