The mycorrhizal symbiosis: research frontiers in genomics, ecology, and agricultural application

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(4), P. 1486 - 1506

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Summary Mycorrhizal symbioses between plants and fungi are vital for the soil structure, nutrient cycling, plant diversity, ecosystem sustainability. More than 250 000 species associated with mycorrhizal fungi. Recent advances in genomics related approaches have revolutionized our understanding of biology ecology associations. The genomes 250+ been released hundreds genes that play pivotal roles regulating symbiosis development metabolism characterized. rDNA metabarcoding metatranscriptomics provide novel insights into ecological cues driving communities functions expressed by these associations, linking to traits such as acquisition organic matter decomposition. Here, we review genomic studies revealed involved uptake development, discuss adaptations fundamental evolution lifestyles. We also evaluated services provided networks how hold promise sustainable agriculture forestry enhancing stress tolerance. Overall, unraveling intricate dynamics is paramount promoting sustainability addressing current pressing environmental concerns. This ends major frontiers further research.

Language: Английский

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Analysis of Heavy Metal Impacts on Cereal Crop Growth and Development in Contaminated Soils

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1983 - 1983

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

The impact of heavy metal presence in soil on cereal crops is a growing concern, posing significant challenges to global food security and environmental sustainability. Cereal crops, vital sources nutrition, face the risk contamination with toxic metals released into environment through human activities. This paper explores key aspects requiring thorough investigation foster innovation understand intricate interactions between cereals. Visible symptoms physiological changes resulting from contamination, such as chlorosis stunted growth, demand further research devise targeted mitigation strategies sustainable agricultural practices. Root barrier formation, mycorrhizal symbiosis, metal-binding proteins emerge critical defence mechanisms for combating stress, offering opportunities developing metal-tolerant varieties. Research bioavailability safety implications grains safeguard health. reveals that multidisciplinary collaboration cutting-edge technologies are essential promoting beyond state art elucidating mitigating impacts crops. Genetic breeding approaches show promise varieties, while agronomic practices amendments can reduce toxicity. Unravelling complex underlying uptake tolerance agriculture worldwide Embracing pollution proactive secure resilient future amid evolving conditions.

Language: Английский

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Current trends, limitations and future research in the fungi?

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 125(1), P. 1 - 71

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset botany, to a valuable, modern scientific discipline. As this study grown, there have been significant contributions science, technology, and industry, highlighting the value fungi in era. This paper looks at current research, along with existing limitations, suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts, mycology. We show how become important emerging diseases medical discuss trends potential drug novel compound discovery. explore phylogenomics, its potential, outcomes address question phylogenomics be applied fungal ecology. In addition, functional genomics studies are discussed importance unravelling intricate mechanisms underlying behaviour, interactions, adaptations, paving way for comprehensive understanding biology. look research building materials, they used as carbon sinks, biocircular economies. numbers always great interest often written about estimates varied greatly. Thus, we needs order obtain more reliable estimates. aspects machine learning (AI) it mycological research. Plant pathogens affecting food production systems on global scale, such, needed area, particularly disease detection. latest data High Throughput Sequencing if still gaining new knowledge same rate before. A review nanotechnology is provided addressed. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi addressed acknowledged. Fungal databases becoming important, therefore provide major databases. Edible medicinal huge medicines, especially Asia prospects discussed. Lifestyle changes (e.g., endophytes, pathogens, and/or saprobes) also extremely trend special issue Diversity.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between beneficial soil microorganisms (PGPR and AMF) and host plants for environmental restoration: A systematic review

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100391 - 100391

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

In response to mounting concerns over heavy metal contamination in soils, this review explores the potential of beneficial soil microorganisms, particularly Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), as a sustainable solution. These microorganisms play pivotal role enhancing plant growth, development, resilience against stress. Effective phytoremediation strategies depend on selecting suitable families, including Fabaceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, known for their unique attributes that contribute mitigation. Utilizing microbes fostering plant-microbe interactions, commonly termed 'green technology,' offers compelling strategy address promote environmental restoration. AMF species like Glomus Rhizophagus, PGPR belonging Bacillus Pseudomonas, significantly enhance phytoremediation. The synergistic interaction between (AMF) represents significant advancement, especially metal-contaminated soils. This amplifies enhances resistance metals, holds promise restoration Future research should focus elucidating underlying mechanisms, optimizing synergies, translating findings into practical applications. Tailored, crop-specific approaches may revolutionize agriculture, considering long-term effects multi-stress tolerance.

Language: Английский

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Fungicide resistance in Fusarium species: exploring environmental impacts and sustainable management strategies

Archives of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 207(2)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for soil health: A review

Pedosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(2), P. 279 - 288

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Common mycorrhizal network: the predominant socialist and capitalist responses of possible plant–plant and plant–microbe interactions for sustainable agriculture

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 26, 2024

Plants engage in a variety of interactions, including sharing nutrients through common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs), which are facilitated by arbuscular fungi (AMF). These can promote the establishment, growth, and distribution limited that important for plant turn benefits entire network plants. Interactions between plants microbes rhizosphere complex either be socialist or capitalist nature, knowledge these interactions is equally progress sustainable agricultural practice. In network, resources distributed more evenly, providing all connected plants, such as symbiosis. For example, direct indirect transfer to stimulation growth phytohormones, antagonism toward pathogenic microorganisms, mitigation stresses. AMF would privately controlled profit certain groups hence increasing competition Such invading act saprophytic cause necrotrophy colonizing first case, an excess nutritional may donated receiver transfer. second unequal occurs, certainly favor individual increases interactions. This largely depends on responses predominant (“socialist” “capitalist”) at moment connected. Therefore, some species might benefit from CMNs than others, depending fungal involved association. Nevertheless, disadvantages hard distinguish nature once most colonized simultaneously multiple species, each with its own cost-benefits. Classifying plant–microbe based their habitat specificity, presence leaf surfaces (phyllospheric), within tissues (endophytic), root (rhizospheric), surface-dwelling organisms (epiphytic), helps highlight dense intricate connections occur both above below ground. relationships, often mutualistic where parties derive mutual benefits, exemplifying socialistic capitalistic review discusses ubiquity, functioning, management interventions different types plant–plant CMNs, how they address environmental challenges agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Common soil history is more important than plant history for arbuscular mycorrhizal community assembly in an experimental grassland diversity gradient

Biology and Fertility of Soils, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(4), P. 547 - 562

Published: April 9, 2024

Abstract The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning strengthens with age. However, the interplay plant diversity - Glomeromycotinian arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community assembly has not yet been scrutinized in this context, despite AMF’s role survival niche exploration. We study development of AMF communities by disentangling soil- plant-driven effects from calendar year effects. Within a long-term grassland experiment, pre-existing varying were re-established as split plots combinations common soil histories: neither nor history, only but no both history. found that bulk primarily shaped additional history had little effect. Further, steepness did strengthen over time, evenness increased Specialisation towards species was low throughout, giving indication specialising or diversifying time. potential mediators variation microbial biomass time hence drivers relationships low. Our results suggest processes may be key for build-up community-specific likely feedback on productivity, plant-available pool itself does explain strengthening

Language: Английский

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Mycorrhization enhances plant growth and stabilizes biomass allocation under drought

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Plants and their symbionts, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, are increasingly subjected to various environmental stressors due climate change, including drought. As a response drought, plants generally allocate more biomass roots over shoots, thereby facilitating water uptake. However, whether this allocation shift is modulated by AM fungi remains unknown. Based on 5691 paired observations from 154 plant species, we conducted meta‐analysis evaluate how modulate the responses of growth (e.g., root‐to‐shoot ratio, R/S) We found that attenuate negative impact drought growth, production, photosynthetic performance resource (e.g. nutrient water) Accordingly, significantly increased R/S in non‐inoculated plants, but not symbiotic with established fungal symbioses. These results suggest promote stabilize through uptake under Our findings highlight crucial role enhancing resilience optimizing allocation. This knowledge opens avenues for sustainable agricultural practices leverage relationships adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Opinion: Response to questions about common mycorrhizal networks

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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