Polyphenols in Plants: Structure, Biosynthesis, Abiotic Stress Regulation, and Practical Applications (Review)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(18), P. 13874 - 13874

Published: Sept. 9, 2023

Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are among the most common of secondary metabolism in plants. Their biosynthesis is characteristic all plant cells and carried out with participation shikimate acetate-malonate pathways. In this case, various structures formed, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, oligomeric polymeric phenolic nature. number already exceeds 10,000. The diversity phenolics affects their biological activity functional role. Most representatives characterized by interaction reactive oxygen species, which manifests itself not only plants but also human body, where they enter through food chains. Having a high activity, successfully used medicines nutritional supplements for health population. accumulation depend on many factors, including physiological-biochemical, molecular-genetic, environmental factors. review, we present latest literature data structure classes compounds, antioxidant biosynthesis, molecular genetic aspects (genes transfactors). Since grow significant changes planet, response to action abiotic factors (light, UV radiation, temperature, heavy metals) at level composition these metabolites, well metabolic regulation, considered. Information given about important necessary components nutrition pharmaceutically valuable substances Proposals promising areas research development field presented.

Language: Английский

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In vitro antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities of polar leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 4, 2023

Plants are able to deliver a huge number of differing bioactive compounds which may supplement the requirements human body by acting as natural antioxidants. Antioxidants mindful for defense component life form against pathologies related assault free radicals. The main purpose this study was investigate qualitative phytochemical composition Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract and its antioxidant activity.The powdered plant sample successively extracted with aqueous, methanol ethanol solvents using Soxhlet apparatus. activities crude were determined 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) phosphomolybdate (PM) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging assay. All examinations drained triplicates average values each test taken.Phytochemical investigation revealed that three solvent extracts contained numerous namely alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides sugars. result showed that, V. obtained from exhibit maximum activity compared aqueous extracts. IC50 DPPH assay H2O, MeOH EtOH 111.4, 94.92 94.83 μg/ml; ABTS 334.3, 179.8 256.9 H2O2 141.6, 156 180.6 μg/ml, respectively. radical in while lowest method. data vitro models clearly suggest has higher due presence phenolic constituents extract.This noteworthy mitigating traditional use different aliments.

Language: Английский

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Phenolic Compounds of Therapeutic Interest in Neuroprotection

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 227 - 246

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

The number of elderly people is projected to double in the next 50 years worldwide, resulting an increased prevalence neurodegenerative diseases. Aging causes changes brain tissue homeostasis, thus contributing development disorders. Current treatments are not entirely effective, so alternative or adjuvant agents being actively sought. Antioxidant properties phenolic compounds particular interest for diseases whose psychopathological mechanisms strongly rely on oxidative stress at level. Moreover, display other advantages such as permeability blood–brain barrier (BBB) and interesting molecular that we reviewed this work. We began by briefly outlining physiopathology understand result irreversible damage, then provided overall classification would be addressed later. vitro vivo studies, well some clinical trials which neuroprotective were demonstrated models different amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), ischemia, traumatic injury (TBI).

Language: Английский

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Nutrient Profiling of Some Terrestrial Plant Leaves for Their Prospective Use as Nonconventional Ingredients in Carp Diets

Aquaculture Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The present study was performed to investigate the basic chemical composition and nutritional value of 10 terrestrial plant leaves (viz. Mangifera indica, Litchi chinensis, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Ziziphus mauritiana, Albizia lebbeck, Tamarindus Cicer arietinum, Bauhinia acuminata, Delonix regia Peltophorum pterocarpum ) abundant in tropical subtropical environments. leaf meals were evaluated comprehensively, encompassing proximate (% dry matter), amino acids, fatty antinutritional factors (ANFs), antioxidants antibacterial potential using established methodologies. crude protein (CP) content ranged from 10.92% 20.74% (w/w), with highest observed A . lebbeck leaves. lipid (CL) fibre (CF) contents varied between 1.23%–5.38% 13.73%–24.63%, respectively (w/w). protein‐to‐energy ratio (P/E) 32.32 60.70 mg/kcal, significantly higher ( p < 0.05) P/E A. compared other Dominant acids included palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic (C18:1n9c) linolenic (C18:3n3). Considerable amounts essential (EAAs) nonessential (NEAAs) recorded leaves, maximum quantities detected heterophyllus , respectively. Notably, substantial mineral elements also Z. mauritiana identified as a rich source iron (Fe), copper (Cu) manganese (Mn), while calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) magnesium (Mg) levels Furthermore, aqueous extracts exhibited antioxidant potentials, activities for both T. indica Analyses ANFs indicated presence trypsin inhibitor (TI) (1.62–3.69 mg/g), tannin (21.25–61.25 phytic (1.74–5.42 cellulose (14.53%–21.37%) hemicellulose (5.48%–10.56%) conclusively proposes utilization leguminous plants, particularly B. acuminata P. nonconventional ingredients after eliminating or deactivating major ANFs. This information on nutrients less explored can be used optimize low‐cost carp diet formulation ensure economic profitability fish farmers region.

Language: Английский

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The Profile and Content of Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Properties of Root Extracts of Selected Medicinal Herbs

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(2), P. 468 - 473

Published: April 26, 2024

Abstract The objective of our study was to analyse the extracts from six medicinal herb roots (marshmallow, dandelion, liquorice, angelica, burdock, and comfrey) in terms antioxidant capacity (ABTS, DPPH) inhibition advanced glycation end product (AGEs) formation. quantification phenolic acids flavonoids analysed using UHPLC-DAD-MS method. Fifteen polyphenolic compounds were detected studied herbs. higher number polyphenols found marshmallows (ten polyphenols), while lowest comfrey (five compounds). Liquorice root revealed highest individual concentration (382 µg/g dm) with contribution kaempferol-3- O -rutinoside. Comfrey extract characterised by most abundant TPC (Total Phenolic Content) value (29.79 mg GAE/ g dm). Burdock showed strongest anti-AGE activity studies BDA-GLU model. also BSA-MGO determined ABTS (72.12 µmol TE/g dw) DPPH (143.01 assays for extract. p -coumaric acid content significantly correlated This research sheds new light on bioactivity herbs, explaining role preventing diabetes.

Language: Английский

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Phenolic Compounds Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Plant-Based Protein Supplements

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 2101 - 2101

Published: May 2, 2024

The study aimed to determine the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of five protein supplements plant origin. profile phenolics were determined using UHPLC-DAD-MS method, while (ABTS DPPH assays) total (TPC) evaluated spectrophotometric tests. In analyzed proteins, twenty-five polyphenols detected, including eleven acids, thirteen flavonoids, one ellagitannin. Hemp revealed highest individual TPC value (1620 μg/g 1.79 mg GAE/g, respectively). Also, hemp showed activity via ABTS (9.37 μmol TE/g) (9.01 assays. contents

Language: Английский

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Rapid determination of phenolic composition in chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 463, P. 141084 - 141084

Published: Aug. 31, 2024

Flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids are the main responsible of antioxidant activity chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.). Traditional methods for analysis phenolic content in vegetables often suffer from limitations such as being expensive, time-consuming, complex. In this study, we propose, first time, use surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) rapid determination components polyphenolic fraction chamomile. Results demonstrate that SERS can serve an alternative or complementary technique to analytical strategies qualitative quantitative polyphenol compounds plant extracts. The method be proposed quasi real-time herbal teas infusions, facilitating screening their components.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the chemical profile, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, cytotoxic potential of different extracts from Astragalus caraganae

Archiv der Pharmazie, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 356(9)

Published: July 11, 2023

Abstract Six extracts (water, ethanol, ethanol‐water, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and n ‐hexane) of Astragalus caraganae were studied for their biological activities bioactive contents. Based on high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS), the ethanol‐water extract yielded highest total content (4242.90 µg g −1 ), followed by ethanol water (3721.24 3661.37 , respectively), while least was hexane extract, dichloromethane acetate (47.44, 274.68, 688.89 respectively). Rutin, p ‐coumaric, chlorogenic, isoquercitrin, delphindin‐3,5‐diglucoside among major components. Unlike extracts, all other showed radical scavenging ability in 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (8.73–52.11 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g), displayed property 2,2‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) (16.18–282.74 TE/g). The antiacetylcholinesterase (1.27–2.73 galantamine [GALAE]/g), antibutyrylcholinesterase (0.20–5.57 GALAE/g) antityrosinase (9.37–63.56 kojic acid [KAE]/g) effects. molecular mechanism H 2 O ‐induced oxidative stress pathway aimed to be elucidated applying ethanol/water at 200 µg/mL concentration human dermal cells (HDFs). A. HDF had neither a cytotoxic nor genotoxic effect but could have cytostatic increasing concentrations. findings allowed better insight into pharmacological potential plant, with respect chemical entities contents, as well extraction solvents polarity.

Language: Английский

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Biochemical Profiling and Physicochemical and Biological Valorization of Iraqi Honey: A Comprehensive Analysis

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 671 - 671

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Our study aimed to analyze five monovarietal honeys from the Salah Eddine region in Iraq, focusing on physicochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties polyphenolic compounds. objective was evaluate strengths qualities of Iraqi honeys, ensuring compliance with Codex Alimentarius standard for honey. The spectrophotometric analysis included assessments reduced sugar (75.8–77.7%), fructose-to-glucose ratio (0.7–0.9%), sucrose (2.2–2.9%), HMF (17.23–18.87 mg/kg), melanoidin content (0.25–0.44), which were all determined. electrical conductivity (0.39–0.46 mS/cm) using a meter, pH (4.02–4.31), mineral composition determined samples atomic absorption spectrometry. Antioxidant activities spectrophotometrically determined, through DPPH free radical scavenging (7.87–95.62 mg/mL), as total antioxidant activity (14.26–22.15 mg AAE/g), correlations established biochemical constituents such phenol content, highlighting significant presence Coumaric acid (0.38–2.34 µg/mL), Catechin (1.80–2.68 Quercetin (0.30 µg/mL) HPLC. also observed notable Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans Mueller–Hinton agar well diffusion technique. In conclusion, our findings, including strengths, underscore substantial potential mitigating damage preventing onset various diseases, affirming their good quality adherence international honey standards.

Language: Английский

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Correlation between Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Compounds of Korean Red Pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) Bark Fractions under In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestive Conditions

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 80(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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