The perils of city life: patterns of injury and fluctuating asymmetry in urban lizards

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 126(2), P. 276 - 288

Published: Dec. 7, 2018

Language: Английский

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Existing ecological theory applies to urban environments

Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 201 - 208

Published: June 14, 2018

There is a prominent view within urban ecology that existing ecological theory insufficient to understand the of environments. However, many theories, hypotheses and paradigms have been shown apply cities just as they do other types ecosystems. Here, I identify 16 theories applied environments, with examples. also illustrate utility metapopulation in case study on pond-breeding frogs Melbourne, Australia.

Language: Английский

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Urban invaders are not bold risk-takers: a study of 3 invasive lizards in Southern California

Current Zoology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 66(6), P. 657 - 665

Published: March 25, 2020

Abstract Biological invasions threaten biodiversity worldwide, and therefore, understanding the traits of successful invaders could mitigate their spread. Many commonly invasive species do well in disturbed habitats, such as urban environments, abilities to effectively respond disturbances contribute invasiveness. Yet, there are noninvasive that also habitats. The question remains whether behave differently environments than noninvaders, which suggest an “urban-exploiting” phenotype. In Southern California, co-occurrence Italian wall lizards Podarcis siculus, brown anoles Anolis sagrei, green A. carolinensis, native western fence Sceloporus occidentalis offers opportunity test invasives exhibit consistent differences risk-taking within human-altered habitats compared with a species. We predicted would more bold behavior by having shorter flight-initiation distances (FIDs) being found farther from refuge (behaviors presumably maximize foraging low-risk environments). Invasive populations had similar or longer FIDs, but were consistently at closer refuge. Collectively, not bolder Reliance on nearby refuges might help successfully invade if general pattern, may pose added challenge detecting eliminating them.

Language: Английский

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Continental-scale citizen science data reveal no changes in acoustic responses of a widespread tree frog to an urbanisation gradient

Journal of Urban Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Abstract One of the major drivers global biodiversity declines is habitat loss and modification, often associated with anthropogenic environments. To mitigate declines, a comprehensive understanding how species respond to novel environments required. Compared natural habitats, human-modified have increased noise light pollution, potentially affecting acoustically communicating species, such as frogs. These areas may force animals modulate or alter their calls communicate potential mates, they compete noise. Using large-scale citizen science data, coupled remotely sensed we examined advertisement Australian red tree frog (Litoria rubella) varied in response gradient consistent disturbance. After measuring suite acoustic properties L.rubella across its range, discovered that showed no disturbance urbanisation gradient. The were highly variable, both at continental local scales. Our results indicate communication male not be impeded habitats (1) are loud typically heard over background multi-species choruses (2) variable—potentially serving buffer any disturbances. Overall, our provide evidence some urban tolerant greater responses frogs exhibit human-mediated environmental change.

Language: Английский

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Effects of urbanization on the trophic niche of the brown anole, a widespread invasive lizard

Food Webs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33, P. e00257 - e00257

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Hunt or hide: How insularity and urbanization affect foraging decisions in lizards

Ethology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 124(4), P. 227 - 235

Published: Jan. 23, 2018

Abstract Foraging decisions should reflect a balance between costs and benefits of alternative strategies. Predation risk resource availability in the environment may be crucial deciding how cautious individuals behave during foraging. These will vary time context, meaning that animals able to adjust their foraging behaviour new or altered environments. Studying do this is essential understand survival these In study, we investigated effect both insularity urbanization on risk‐taking neophobia Dalmatian wall lizard ( Podarcis melisellensis ). Small islets tend have lower number predators less resources. Therefore, islet populations were expected show more context. Previous studies urban lizards yielded inconsistent results, but due lack arthropod prey habitats, also take risks neophobic. We sampled several inhabited uninhabited locations Vis (Croatia) surrounding islets. Risk‐taking was tested by measuring latency feed presence predator model, novel object. found indeed vigilant, not Urban rural did differ any behaviours, which sharp contrast with previous work mammals birds. The behavioural differences island novel, unexpected findings are line theory “island tameness”. seems complex might among taxa.

Language: Английский

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Urban Behavioral Ecology: Lessons from Anolis Lizards

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 28, 2018

Human-driven rapid environmental changes such as urbanization challenge the persistence of animal populations worldwide. A major aim research in urban ecology is to unravel which traits allow animals successfully deal with these new selective pressures. Since behavior largely determines how interact environment, it expected be an important factor determining their success environments. However, a complex trait and fully understanding contributes not straightforward: different behaviors may help at levels biological organization. For instance, species level, exploiters often share that them forage reproduce areas. are necessarily same differentiate from less disturbed In addition, individual-level studies essential identify mechanisms favor survival reproduction urbanized settings. Yet, longitudinal, mid-to-long-term individual level have been limited by logistic challenges. Here, I suggest programs behavioral should consider studying species-, population-, individual-levels achieve integrative governs success. use recent carried out Anolis lizards example illustrate progress ecology. Finally, some avenues could bring insight toward perspective role urbanization. Integrative will provide valuable design management measures maximize biodiversity preserve ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

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Close encounters of the urban kind: predators influence prey body size variation in an urban landscape

Evolutionary Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 33(6), P. 791 - 809

Published: Sept. 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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Aspects of the ecology and behaviour of a potential urban exploiter, the southern tree agama, Acanthocercus atricollis

Urban Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 905 - 914

Published: Jan. 5, 2021

Language: Английский

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Body size responses to the combined effects of climate and land use changes within an urban framework

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(18), P. 5385 - 5398

Published: June 27, 2022

Abstract Alterations in body size can have profound impacts on an organism's life history and ecology with long‐lasting effects that span multiple biological scales. Animal is influenced by environmental drivers, including climate change land use change, the two largest current threats to biodiversity. Climate warming has led smaller sizes of many species due growth (i.e., Bergmann's rule temperature‐size rule). Conversely, urbanization, which serves as a model for investigating changes, largely been demonstrated cause increases, but few studies examined combined influences changes organism size. We present here background theory how each these factors expected influence size, summarize existing evidence recently impacted make several recommendations guide future research uniting areas focus. Given rapid pace understanding imperative biodiversity preservation.

Language: Английский

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