Insect Declines in the Anthropocene

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 65(1), P. 457 - 480

Published: Oct. 14, 2019

Insect declines are being reported worldwide for flying, ground, and aquatic lineages. Most reports come from western northern Europe, where the insect fauna is well-studied there considerable demographic data many taxonomically disparate Additional cases of faunal losses have been noted Asia, North America, Arctic, Neotropics, elsewhere. While this review addresses both species loss population declines, its emphasis on latter. Declines abundant can be especially worrisome, given that they anchor trophic interactions shoulder essential ecosystem services their respective communities. A factors believed to responsible observed collapses those perceived threatening insects form core treatment. In addition widely recognized threats biodiversity, e.g., habitat destruction, agricultural intensification (including pesticide use), climate change, invasive species, assessment highlights a few less commonly considered such as atmospheric nitrification burning fossil fuels effects droughts changing precipitation patterns. Because geographic extent magnitude largely unknown, an urgent need monitoring efforts, across ecological gradients, which will help identify important causal in declines. This also considers status vertebrate insectivores, reporting bias, challenges inherent collecting interpreting data, increasing abundance.

Language: Английский

---

The role of multiple global change factors in driving soil functions and microbial biodiversity

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366(6467), P. 886 - 890

Published: Nov. 15, 2019

Soils underpin terrestrial ecosystem functions, but they face numerous anthropogenic pressures. Despite their crucial ecological role, we know little about how soils react to more than two environmental factors at a time. Here, show experimentally that increasing the number of simultaneous global change (up 10) caused directional changes in soil properties, processes, and microbial communities, though there was greater uncertainty predicting magnitude change. Our study provides blueprint for addressing multifactor with an efficient, broadly applicable experimental design studying impacts

Language: Английский

---

Environmental Risks and Challenges Associated with Neonicotinoid Insecticides

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 52(6), P. 3329 - 3335

Published: Feb. 26, 2018

Neonicotinoid use has increased rapidly in recent years, with a global shift toward insecticide applications as seed coatings rather than aerial spraying. While the of can lessen amount overspray and drift, near universal prophylactic neonicotinoid on major agricultural crops led to widespread detections environment (pollen, soil, water, honey). Pollinators aquatic insects appear be especially susceptible effects neonicotinoids current research suggesting that chronic sublethal are more prevalent acute toxicity. Meanwhile, evidence clear consistent yield benefits from remains elusive for most crops. Future decisions will benefit weighing crop versus environmental impacts nontarget organisms considering whether there environmentally benign alternatives.

Language: Английский

---

A critical review on the potential impacts of neonicotinoid insecticide use: current knowledge of environmental fate, toxicity, and implications for human health

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 1315 - 1346

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

The review examines literature relevant to environmental fate, transformation, and toxicity, human exposure health risks of neonicotinoid insecticides.

Language: Английский

---

The insect apocalypse, and why it matters

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(19), P. R967 - R971

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Global Trends in Bumble Bee Health

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 65(1), P. 209 - 232

Published: Oct. 14, 2019

Bumble bees ( Bombus) are unusually important pollinators, with approximately 260 wild species native to all biogeographic regions except sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. As they vitally in natural ecosystems agricultural food production globally, the increase reports of declining distribution abundance over past decade has led an explosion interest bumble bee population decline. We summarize data on threat status across regions, underscoring lacking assessment data. Focusing data-rich studies, we also synthesize recent research potential causes declines. There is evidence that habitat loss, changing climate, pathogen transmission, invasion nonnative species, pesticides, operating individually combination, negatively impact health, effects may depend locality. distinguish between correlational causal results, importance expanding experimental beyond study two commercially available identify factors affecting diversity species.

Language: Английский

---

Endocrine Disruptors in Water and Their Effects on the Reproductive System

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 1929 - 1929

Published: March 12, 2020

Anthropogenic contaminants in water can impose risks to reproductive health. Most of these compounds are known be endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs impact the system and subsequently impair development fertility non-human animals humans. The source chemical contamination is diverse, originating from byproducts formed during disinfection processes, release industry livestock activity, or therapeutic drugs released into sewage. This review discusses occurrence such as byproducts, fluorinated compounds, bisphenol A, phthalates, pesticides, estrogens, it outlines their adverse effects

Language: Английский

---

Pesticides and Soil Invertebrates: A Hazard Assessment

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: May 4, 2021

Agricultural pesticide use and its associated environmental harms is widespread throughout much of the world. Efforts to mitigate this harm have largely been focused on reducing contamination water air, as runoff drift are most significant sources offsite movement. Yet soil can also result in harm. Pesticides often applied directly drenches granules increasingly form seed coatings, making it important understand how pesticides impact ecosystems. Soils contain an abundance biologically diverse organisms that perform many functions such nutrient cycling, structure maintenance, carbon transformation, regulation pests diseases. Many terrestrial invertebrates declined recent decades. Habitat loss agrichemical pollution due agricultural intensification identified major driving factors. Here, we review nearly 400 studies effects non-target egg, larval, or immature development soil. This encompasses 275 unique species, taxa combined 284 different active ingredients mixtures ingredients. We extracted relevant data relation following endpoints: mortality, abundance, biomass, behavior, reproduction, biochemical biomarkers, growth, richness diversity, structural changes. resulted analysis over 2,800 separate “tested parameters,” measured a change specific endpoint exposure organism pesticide. found 70.5% tested parameters showed negative effects, whereas 1.4% 28.1% positive no from exposure, respectively. In addition, discuss general effect trends among classes, taxa, endpoints, well gaps. Our indicates all types pose clear hazard invertebrates. Negative evident both lab field studies, across studied wide variety endpoints. The prevalence our results underscores need for be represented any risk has potential contaminate soil, mitigated way will specifically reduce ecosystem services they provide.

Language: Английский

---

Bee Viruses: Ecology, Pathogenicity, and Impacts

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 64(1), P. 205 - 226

Published: Jan. 7, 2019

Bees-including solitary, social, wild, and managed species-are key pollinators of flowering plant species, including nearly three-quarters global food crops. Their ecological importance, coupled with increased annual losses honey bees declines in populations wild has focused attention on the factors that adversely affect bee health, viral pathogens. Genomic approaches have dramatically expanded understanding diversity viruses infect bees, complexity their transmission routes-including intergenus transmission-and strategies evolved to combat virus infections, RNA-mediated responses playing a prominent role. Moreover, impacts hosts are exacerbated by other major stressors face, parasites, poor nutrition, exposure chemicals. Unraveling complex relationships between will lead improved ecology management support better health.

Language: Английский

---

Occurrence, distribution and seasonal variation of five neonicotinoid insecticides in surface water and sediment of the Pearl Rivers, South China

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 217, P. 437 - 446

Published: Nov. 3, 2018

Language: Английский

---