The Potential Mechanism and the Role of Antioxidants in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(2)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia and a significant contributor to health issues mortality among older individuals. This condition involves progressive deterioration in cognitive function onset dementia. Recent advancements suggest that development AD more intricate than its underlying brain abnormalities alone. In addition, disease, metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress are all intricately linked one another. Increased concentrations circulating lipids disturbances glucose homeostasis contribute intensification lipid oxidation, leading gradual depletion body’s antioxidant defenses. heightened metabolism adversely impacts cell integrity, resulting neuronal damage. Pathways commonly acknowledged as contributors pathogenesis include alterations synaptic plasticity, disorganization neurons, death. Abnormal some membrane proteins thought creation amyloid (Aβ) oligomers, which extremely hazardous neurotransmission pathways, especially those involving acetylcholine. The interaction between Aβ oligomers these neurotransmitter systems induce cellular dysfunction, an imbalance signaling, and, ultimately, manifestation neurological symptoms. Antioxidants have impact on human since they may improve aging process by combating free radicals. Neurodegenerative diseases currently incurable; however, be effectively managed. An appealing alternative utilization natural antioxidants, such polyphenols, through diet or dietary supplements, offer numerous advantages. Within this framework, we extensively examined importance advancement well potential influence antioxidants mitigating effects.

Language: Английский

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ALKBH5 SUMOylation-mediated FBXW7 m6A modification regulates alveolar cells senescence during 1-nitropyrene-induced pulmonary fibrosis

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 468, P. 133704 - 133704

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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From Lab Bench to Hope: Emerging Gene Therapies in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer’s Disease

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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A Review of Telomere Attrition in Cancer and Aging: Current Molecular Insights and Future Therapeutic Approaches

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 257 - 257

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

As cells divide, telomeres shorten through a phenomenon known as telomere attrition, which leads to unavoidable senescence of cells. Unprotected DNA exponentially increases the odds mutations, can evolve into premature aging disorders and tumorigenesis. There has been growing academic clinical interest in exploring this duality developing optimal therapeutic strategies combat attrition cellular immortality cancer. The purpose review is provide an updated overview biology tactics address We used Rayyan platform PubMed database examined ClinicalTrial.gov registry gain insight trials their results. Cancer activate telomerase or utilize alternative lengthening escape shortening, leading near immortality. Contrarily, normal experience telomeric erosion, contributing disorders, such Werner syndrome Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria, (2) aging-related diseases, neurodegenerative cardiovascular diseases. literature presents several promising approaches potentially balance maintenance shortening This highlights gaps knowledge points potential these interventions preclinical studies inform future research cancer aging.

Language: Английский

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The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Life expectancy is increasing throughout the world and coincides with a rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially for metabolic disease that includes diabetes mellitus (DM) neurodegenerative disorders. The debilitating effects of disorders influence entire body significantly affect nervous system impacting greater than one billion people disability peripheral as well cognitive loss, now seventh leading cause death worldwide. Metabolic disorders, such DM, neurologic remain significant challenge treatment care individuals since present therapies may limit symptoms but do not halt overall progression. These clinical challenges to address interplay between warrant innovative strategies can focus upon underlying mechanisms aging-related oxidative stress, cell senescence, death. Programmed pathways involve autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis play critical role oversee processes include insulin resistance, β-cell function, mitochondrial integrity, reactive oxygen species release, inflammatory activation. silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1

Language: Английский

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Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 871 - 871

Published: July 23, 2023

Almost three million individuals suffer from multiple sclerosis (MS) throughout the world, a demyelinating disease in nervous system with increased prevalence over last five decades, and is now being recognized as one significant etiology of cognitive loss dementia. Presently, modifying therapies can limit rate relapse potentially reduce brain volume patients MS, but unfortunately cannot prevent progression or onset disability. Innovative strategies are therefore required to address areas inflammation, immune cell activation, survival that involve novel pathways programmed death, mammalian forkhead transcription factors (FoxOs), mechanistic target rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), associated apolipoprotein E (APOE-ε4) gene severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). These intertwined at levels metabolic oversight cellular metabolism dependent upon nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Insight into mechanisms these provide new avenues discovery for therapeutic treatment dementia cognition occurs during MS.

Language: Английский

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Cornerstone Cellular Pathways for Metabolic Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus: Non-Coding RNAs, Wnt Signaling, and AMPK

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(22), P. 2595 - 2595

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Metabolic disorders and diabetes (DM) impact more than five hundred million individuals throughout the world are insidious in onset, chronic nature, yield significant disability death. Current therapies that address nutritional status, weight management, pharmacological options may delay but cannot alter disease course or functional organ loss, such as dementia degeneration of systemic bodily functions. Underlying these challenges onset aging associated with increased lifespan, telomere dysfunction, oxidative stress generation lead to multi-system dysfunction. These hurdles point urgent need underlying mechanisms innovative applications. New treatment strategies involve non-coding RNA pathways microRNAs (miRNAs) circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), Wnt signaling, Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) dependent upon programmed cell death pathways, cellular metabolic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) nicotinamide, growth factor Non-coding RNAs, AMPK cornerstone for overseeing complex offer avenues DM will necessitate continued appreciation ability each independently unison influence clinical outcome.

Language: Английский

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MTH1 in the disorders of the central nervous system: scope beyond brain tumors and challenges

Acta Neurologica Belgica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Hallmarks of Ageing in Microglia

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(1)

Published: May 19, 2025

Abstract As ageing is linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease, it important disentangle independent effect age-related changes from those due disease processes. To do so, central nervous system (CNS) cells a function advanced age need better characterisation. Microglia are particular interest their proposed links with progression NDs through control CNS immune response. Therefore, understanding extent which microglial dysfunction related phyisological ageing, rather than process, critical. microglia age, they believed take on pro-inflammatory phenotype distinct dystrophic morphology. Nevertheless, while established hallmarks have been investigated across range other cell types, macrophages, detailed consideration functional that occur in aged remains elusive. Here, we describe dynamic phenotypes evaluate current state focusing recently updated twelve ageing. Understanding how these present represents step towards characterisation essential more representative models NDs. Graphical Microglial different stages life. diverse functions throughout life; however, has inconsistent

Language: Английский

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TRF1 and TRF2: pioneering targets in telomere-based cancer therapy

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 150(7)

Published: July 16, 2024

Abstract This article presents an in-depth exploration of the roles Telomere Repeat-binding Factors 1 and 2 (TRF1 TRF2), shelterin complex, in context cancer biology. It emphasizes their emerging significance as potential biomarkers targets for therapeutic intervention. Central to TRF1 TRF2 are crucial maintaining telomere integrity genomic stability, dysregulation often being a hallmark cancerous cells. The delves into diagnostic prognostic capabilities across various types, highlighting sensitivity specificity. Furthermore, it reviews current strides drug discovery targeting detailing specific compounds modes action. review candidly addresses challenges developing therapies aimed at including resistance, off-target effects, issues delivery. By synthesizing recent research findings, sheds light on intricate relationship between biology development. underscores urgency continued navigate existing fully leverage TRF1, TRF2, complex realm treatment.

Language: Английский

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