Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 563, P. 84 - 92
Published: Nov. 8, 2024
Language: Английский
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(8)
Published: March 23, 2024
Abstract Liver fibrosis is characterized by the activation and transformation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced various injury factors. The degree liver can be significantly improved, but persistent factors present a significant therapeutic challenge. Hepatocytes are most important parenchymal cell type in liver. In this study, we explored molecular mechanisms which damaged activate HSCs through extracellular vesicles. We established coculture model LO2 LX2 validated its exosomal transmission activity. Subsequently, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened RNA sequencing their action as competing endogenous (ceRNAs) further confirmed using biological methods, such FISH luciferase assays. Damaged upregulation fibrosis‐related markers. Exosomes extracted identified from supernatant fraction contained lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator (CYTOR) that competed with microRNA‐125 (miR‐125) for binding to glial line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) HSCs, turn, promoting activation. MiR‐125 could target regulate both CYTOR GDNF vice versa, verified assay. an vivo model, vesicles formation fibrosis. Notably, downregulation within effectively inhibited exosomes upregulated modulates expression downstream activity ceRNA, providing effective mechanism HSCs.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Nano Convergence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)
Published: April 30, 2024
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) poses significant challenges across various organ systems, including the heart, brain, and kidneys. Exosomes have shown great potentials applications in mitigating IRI-induced cell tissue damage through modulating inflammatory responses, enhancing angiogenesis, promoting repair. Despite these advances, a more systematic understanding of exosomes from different sources their biotransport is critical for optimizing therapeutic efficacy accelerating clinical adoption IRI therapies. Therefore, this review article overviews administration routes sources, such as mesenchymal stem cells other somatic cells, context treatment. Furthermore, covers how delivered modulate molecular pathways recipient aiding prevention death promotions regeneration models. In end, discusses ongoing research efforts propose future directions exosome-based
Language: Английский
Citations
9
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 723 - 723
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). These nanosized possess unique properties such low immunogenicity and the ability to cross biological barriers, making them ideal carriers delivering bioactive molecules injured tissues. MSC-EVs been demonstrated exert multiple beneficial effects in SCI, including reducing inflammation, promoting neuroprotection, enhancing axonal regeneration. Recent studies delved into molecular mechanisms underlying MSC-EV-mediated effects. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) identified key regulators of various cellular processes involved SCI pathogenesis repair. miRNAs can influence oxidative stress, apoptosis by modulating gene expression. This review summarized current state MSC-EV-based therapies highlighting potential clinical applications. We discussed challenges limitations translating these practice, inconsistent EV production, complex cargo composition, need targeted delivery strategies. Future research should focus on optimizing production characterization, identifying miRNAs, developing innovative systems maximize SCI.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Engineered extracellular vesicles play an increasingly important role in the treatment of spinal cord injury. In order to prepare more effective engineered vesicles, we biologically modified M2 microglia. Angiopep-2 (Ang2) is oligopeptide that can target blood–brain barrier. Through single-cell sequencing and immunofluorescence experiments, confirmed expression LRP-1, targeted receptor Ang2, was elevated after Subsequently, integrated Ang2 peptide segment into microglia obtain Ang2-EVs, which could successfully site However, improve function pretreated with melatonin, has anti-inflammatory effects, M-Ang2-EVs. The results single-nucleus mouse verified neurons OPCs gradually transformed subtypes related nerve repair functions This consistent enrichment analysis miRNAs contained We further through experiments M-Ang2-EVs promote microglia/macrophages phagocytose sphingomyelin, axon remyelination elongation, maintain integrity blood-spinal Since also barrier, found reduce brain inflammation from Our study applied injury enhance targeting injured cells, construct brain.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Neurochemical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(2)
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 992, P. 177349 - 177349
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event for the central nervous system (CNS), often resulting in loss of sensory and motor functions. It profoundly affects both physiological psychological well-being patients, reducing their quality life while also imposing significant economic pressure on families healthcare system. Due to complex pathophysiology SCI, effective treatments promoting recovery remain scarce. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) offer advantages such as low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, ability cross blood-spinal barrier (BSCB). In preclinical studies, they have progressively shown efficacy SCI repair functional recovery. However, yield insufficient targeting MSC-Exos limit therapeutic efficacy. Currently, genetic engineering other preprocessing techniques are being employed optimize properties exosomes, thereby enhancing potential. Therefore, this paper provides an overview biogenesis exosomes. summarizes current approaches optimizing exosome performance. Additionally, it details mechanisms through which optimized provide neuroprotection explores potential combined involving hydrogels.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Drug Design Development and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 827 - 840
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Background: The neuropathic pain side induced by Vincristine severely limit its clinical application. However, the mechanism of is not clear. This study aims to clarify C/EBP-β regulating TGF-β 1 mediated spinal astrocyte A1/A2 polarization in caused vincristine. Methods: Neuropathic model was established rats intraperitoneal injection (VCR). In vitro experiment, constructed Vincristine, and si-C/EBP-β regulated before VCR administration. Pain threshold measured thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) mechanical (MWT), Elisa used detect expression level inflammatory factors, qRT PCR Western blotting were markers, C/EBP-β, 1, p-smad2 p-smad3. Results: Following administration, TWL MWT exhibited a decrease. Additionally, there an increase A1 astrocytes, while A2 remained relatively unchanged. Furthermore, levels pro-inflammatory factors elevated, whereas no significant alterations observed anti-inflammatory factors. Notably, promoted 1. inhibitor alleviated release proinflammatory ameliorated abnormal pain. Moreover, silencing reversed enhanced attenuated factor release. Conclusion: cord inflammation promoting astrocytes via upregulating C/EBP-β/TGF-β signal pathway, thus leading It different from traditional this shown new pathway for polarization, which may provide possibility treatment Keywords: pain, neuroinflammation
Language: Английский
Citations
0
International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 114401 - 114401
Published: March 17, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: March 31, 2025
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as an endotoxin, is derived from Gram-negative bacteria. The intravenous administration of LPS induces inflammatory response and causes systemic inflammation, such cytokine storm. bacteria that produce are found in the environment digestive tract. mucous membrane, primary barrier between interior body external environment, constantly exposed to LPS. Moreover, no toxicity observed when administering through membranes mouth or skin. presence necessary not only for maintaining health but inducing preventive therapeutic effects against multiple diseases administered orally topically. environmental substance useful membranes. general information emphasizes role occurs intravenously. Therefore, valuable unknown. Thus, mucosal has received little attention, mechanism underlying expression its beneficial been fully elucidated. We proposed a comprehensive concept, "macrophage network," which proposes regulatory system mucosa receives information, membrane-bound cytokines expressed phagocytes (macrophages), these macrophages migrate distally exert effects, anti-inflammatory tissue repair on distal tissues cell-to-cell communication (juxtacrine signaling) with macrophages. This macrophage network effective preventing treating increasing efficacy pharmaceuticals. review aims investigate oral transdermal various present introduction concept latest findings.
Language: Английский
Citations
0