Journal of Fungi,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
7(12), P. 1087 - 1087
Published: Dec. 17, 2021
The
search
for
endophytic
fungi
in
the
roots
of
healthy
wheat
plants
from
a
non-irrigation
field
trial
allowed
us
to
select
4
out
total
54
cultivable
isolates
belonging
genus
Trichoderma,
identified
as
T.
harzianum
T136
and
T139,
simmonsii
T137,
afroharzianum
T138.
In
vitro
assays
against
phytopathogenic
fungus
Fusarium
graminearum
showed
that
strains
had
highest
biocontrol
potential
exhibited
cellulase
chitinase
activities.
Production
patterns
eight
phytohormones
varied
among
Trichoderma
strains.
All
four,
when
applied
alone
or
combination,
colonized
other
cultivars
promoted
seed
germination,
tillering,
plant
growth
under
optimal
irrigation
conditions
greenhouse.
Apart
T136,
protection
capacity
drought
they
activated
antioxidant
enzyme
machinery
plants.
However,
T137
gave
best
size
spike
weight
performance
water-stressed
at
end
crop.
This
trait
correlated
with
significantly
increased
production
indole
acetic
acid
abscisic
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic
deaminase
activity
by
T137.
study
shows
endophytes
their
success
agricultural
systems
requires
careful
selection
suitable
Molecular Ecology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
31(10), P. 2769 - 2795
Published: April 8, 2022
The
development
of
high-throughput
sequencing
(HTS)
technologies
has
greatly
improved
our
capacity
to
identify
fungi
and
unveil
their
ecological
roles
across
a
variety
ecosystems.
Here
we
provide
an
overview
current
best
practices
in
metabarcoding
analysis
fungal
communities,
from
experimental
design
through
molecular
computational
analyses.
By
reanalysing
published
data
sets,
demonstrate
that
operational
taxonomic
units
(OTUs)
outperform
amplified
sequence
variants
(ASVs)
recovering
diversity,
finding
is
particularly
evident
for
long
markers.
Additionally,
the
full-length
ITS
region
allows
more
accurate
placement
other
eukaryotes
compared
ITS2
subregion.
Finally,
show
specific
methods
compositional
analyses
reliable
estimates
shifts
community
structure.
We
conclude
are
especially
promising
integrating
into
full
microbiome
broader
ecosystem
functioning
context,
recovery
novel
lineages
ancient
organisms
as
well
barcoding
old
specimens
including
type
material.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(19), P. 12786 - 12786
Published: Oct. 7, 2022
Trichoderma
is
an
important
biocontrol
agent
for
managing
plant
diseases.
species
are
members
of
the
fungal
genus
hyphomycetes,
which
widely
distributed
in
soil.
It
can
function
as
a
well
growth
promoter.
now
frequently
used
biological
control
agents
(BCAs)
to
combat
wide
range
Major
diseases
have
been
successfully
managed
due
their
application.
spp.
being
extensively
researched
order
enhance
its
effectiveness
top
agent.
The
activation
numerous
regulatory
mechanisms
major
factor
ability
manage
Trichoderma-based
methods
include
nutrient
competition,
mycoparasitism,
synthesis
antibiotic
and
hydrolytic
enzymes,
induced
resistance.
may
synthesize
variety
secondary
metabolites
that
inhibit
activity
GPCRs
(G
protein-coupled
receptors)
membrane-bound
receptors
sense
transmit
environmental
inputs
affect
metabolism.
Related
intracellular
signalling
pathways
also
play
role
this
process.
Secondary
produced
by
activate
disease-fighting
within
plants
protect
against
pathogens.
β-
Glucuronidase
(GUS),
green
fluorescent
protein
(gfp),
hygromycin
B
phosphotransferase
(hygB),
producing
genes
examples
exogenous
markers
could
be
identify
track
specific
isolates
agro-ecosystems.
More
than
sixty
percent
biofungicides
on
market
derived
from
species.
These
fungi
harmful
developing
Additionally,
they
solubilize
nutrients
boost
bioremediate
contaminants
through
mechanisms,
including
mycoparasitism
antibiosis.
Enzymes
industry.
This
review
article
intends
provide
overview
update
(from
1975
2022)
fungi,
information
key
metabolites,
genes,
interactions
with
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Saline
soils
pose
significant
challenges
to
global
agricultural
productivity,
hindering
crop
growth
and
efficiency.
Despite
various
mitigation
strategies,
the
issue
persists,
underscoring
need
for
innovative
sustainable
solutions.
One
promising
approach
involves
leveraging
microorganisms
their
plant
interactions
reclaim
saline
bolster
yields.
This
review
highlights
pioneering
recent
advancements
in
utilizing
multi-traits
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Jan. 22, 2024
Abstract
Identifying
a
viable
substitute
for
the
limited
array
of
current
antifungal
agents
stands
as
crucial
objective
in
modern
agriculture.
Consequently,
extensive
worldwide
research
has
been
undertaken
to
unveil
eco-friendly
and
effective
capable
controlling
pathogens
resistant
presently
employed
fungicides.
This
study
explores
efficacy
Trichoderma
isolates
combating
tomato
leaf
spot
disease,
primarily
caused
by
Alternaria
alternata
.
The
identified
pathogen,
A.
Alt3,
was
isolated
confirmed
through
ITS
region
(OQ888806).
Six
were
assessed
their
ability
inhibit
Alt3
hyphal
growth
using
dual
culture,
ethyl
acetate
extract,
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
techniques.
most
promising
biocontrol
isolate
T.
afroharzianum
TRI07
based
on
three
markers:
(OQ820171),
translation
elongation
factor
alpha
1
gene
(OR125580),
RNA
polymerase
II
subunit
(OR125581).
extract
subjected
GC–MS
analysis,
revealing
spathulenol,
triacetin,
aspartame
main
compounds,
with
percentages
28.90,
14.03,
12.97%,
respectively.
Analysis
TRI07-VOCs
solid-phase
microextraction
technique
indicated
that
abundant
included
ethanol,
hydroperoxide,
1-methylhexyl,
1-octen-3-one.
When
interacted
34
identified,
major
components
including
1-octen-3-one,
hexanedioic
acid,
bis(2-ethylhexyl)
ester.
In
greenhouse
experiment,
treatment
48
h
before
inoculation
(A3
treatment)
resulted
reduction
disease
severity
(16.66%)
incidence
(44.44%).
Furthermore,
A3
led
improved
performance
parameters
increased
chlorophyll
content.
After
21
days
post-inoculation,
associated
production
antioxidant
enzymes
(CAT,
POD,
SOD,
PPO),
while
infected
plants
exhibited
elevated
levels
oxidative
stress
markers
MDA
H
2
O
HPLC
analysis
extracts
from
revealed
higher
phenolic
acids
such
gallic,
chlorogenic,
caffeic,
syringic,
coumaric
acids,
well
flavonoid
catechin,
rutin,
vanillin.
novelty
lies
bridging
gap
between
strain-specific
attributes
practical
application,
enhancing
understanding
TRI07’s
potential
integrated
pest
management.
concludes
presents
natural
biological
activity,
effectively
promoting
plant
growth.
findings
have
implications
agriculture,
suggesting
sustainable
strategy
can
enhance
crop
resilience
contribute
management
practices.
Pathogens,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
10(8), P. 991 - 991
Published: Aug. 6, 2021
The
production
of
eight
phytohormones
by
Trichoderma
species
is
described,
as
well
the
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic
acid
(ACC)
deaminase
(ACCD)
activity,
which
diverts
ethylene
biosynthetic
pathway
in
plants.
use
strains
T.
virens
T49,
longibrachiatum
T68,
spirale
T75
and
harzianum
T115
served
to
demonstrate
diverse
gibberellins
(GA)
GA1
GA4,
abscisic
(ABA),
salicylic
(SA),
auxin
(indole-3-acetic
acid:
IAA)
cytokinins
(CK)
dihydrozeatin
(DHZ),
isopenteniladenine
(iP)
trans-zeatin
(tZ)
this
genus.
Such
dependent
on
strain
and/or
culture
medium.
These
four
showed
different
degrees
wheat
root
colonization.
Fresh
dry
weights,
conductance,
H2O2
content
antioxidant
activities
such
superoxide
dismutase,
peroxidase
catalase
were
analyzed,
under
optimal
irrigation
water
stress
conditions,
30-days-old
plants
treated
with
four-day-old
cultures,
obtained
from
potato
dextrose
broth
(PDB)
PDB-tryptophan
(Trp).
application
PDB
cultures
could
be
linked
plants’
ability
adapt
machinery
tolerate
stress.
Plants
T49
had
significantly
highest
weights
Compared
controls,
treatments
T68
T75,
constrained
GA4
production,
resulted
smaller
regardless
fungal
growth
medium
regime.
