Factors in the Distribution of Mycorrhizal and Soil Fungi DOI Creative Commons
Daniel Janowski, Tomasz Leski

Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1122 - 1122

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

Soil fungi are crucial microorganisms in the functioning of ecosystems. They shape soil properties, facilitate nutrient circulation, and assist with plant growth. However, their biogeography distribution studies limited compared to other groups organisms. This review aims provide an overview main factors shaping spatial (with a special focus on mycorrhizal fungi). The also tries identify field frontier where further needed. drivers fungal were classified reviewed into three groups: interactions, dispersal vectors. It was apparent that ectomycorrhizal arbuscular relatively overrepresented body research, while mycorrhiza types endophytes grossly omitted. Notwithstanding, pH share plants coverage repeatedly reported as strong predictors distribution. Dispersal potential vector preferences show more variation among fungi, especially when considering long-distance dispersal. Additionally, attention given applications island theory assemblages. proves be very efficient framework for analyzing understanding not only communities real islands but even effective islands, i.e., isolated habitats, such patches trees discontinuous from enormous forests.

Language: Английский

Enumerating soil biodiversity DOI Creative Commons
Mark Anthony, S. Franz Bender, Marcel G. A. van der Heijden

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(33)

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Soil is an immense habitat for diverse organisms across the tree of life, but just how many live in soil surprisingly unknown. Previous efforts to enumerate biodiversity consider only certain types (e.g., animals) or report values groups without partitioning species that versus other habitats. Here, we reviewed literature show likely home 59 ± 15% on Earth. We therefore estimate approximately two times greater than previous estimates, and include representatives from simplest (microbial) most complex (mammals) organisms. Enchytraeidae have greatest percentage (98.6%), followed by fungi (90%), Plantae (85.5%), Isoptera (84.2%). Our results demonstrate biodiverse singular habitat. By using this biodiversity, can more accurately quantitatively advocate organismal conservation restoration as a central goal Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

Citations

208
Forest microbiome and global change DOI
Petr Baldrián, Rubén López‐Mondéjar, Petr Kohout

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 487 - 501

Published: March 20, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

142
Defending Earth’s terrestrial microbiome DOI
Colin Averill, Mark Anthony, Petr Baldrián

et al.

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(11), P. 1717 - 1725

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

111
Pushing the Frontiers of Biodiversity Research: Unveiling the Global Diversity, Distribution, and Conservation of Fungi DOI Open Access
Tuula Niskanen, Robert Lücking, Anders Dahlberg

et al.

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 48(1), P. 149 - 176

Published: Sept. 18, 2023

Fungi comprise approximately 20% of all eukaryotic species and are connected to virtually life forms on Earth. Yet, their diversity remains contentious, distribution elusive, conservation neglected. We aim flip this situation by synthesizing current knowledge. present a revised estimate 2–3 million fungal with “best estimate” at 2.5 million. To name the unknown >90% these end century, we propose recognition known only from DNA data call for large-scale sampling campaigns. an updated global map richness, highlighting tropical temperate ecoregions high diversity. further Red List assessments enhanced management guidelines aid conservation. Given that fungi play inseparable role in our lives ecosystems, considering fascinating questions remaining be answered, argue constitute next frontier biodiversity research.

Language: Английский

Citations

92
Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Evolution, distribution, and use DOI
Alexandre Antonelli, Rhian J. Smith, Allison L. Perrigo

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 378(6623)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Madagascar's biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state knowledge on past terrestrial freshwater biodiversity by compiling presenting comprehensive data species diversity, endemism, rates description human uses, in addition to an updated simplified map vegetation types. report a substantial increase records new science recent years; however, diversity evolution many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing resolution richness patterns we highlight crucial role field- collections-based research for advancing identifying gaps our understanding, particularly as corresponds closely collection effort. Phylogenetic mirror that endemism analyzed groups. humid forests centers because their refugia rapid radiations. However, distinct other areas, such grassland-woodland mosaic Central Highlands spiny forest southwest, also biologically important despite lower richness. The documented uses Malagasy manifold, with much potential uncovering useful traits food, medicine, climate mitigation. presented here showcase Madagascar unique "living laboratory" understanding complex interactions between people nature. gathering analysis must continue accelerate if fully understand safeguard this subset Earth's biodiversity.

Language: Английский

Citations

83
ITS alchemy: On the use of ITS as a DNA marker in fungal ecology DOI Creative Commons
Håvard Kauserud

Fungal ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 101274 - 101274

Published: July 26, 2023

High throughput sequencing of PCR amplicons derived from environmental DNA (aka metabarcoding) has become an integral part fungal ecology, enabling in-depth characterization communities. In most cases, the rDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, which a long history as target in systematics, is used barcode marker. Despite improvements techniques and bioinformatics approaches, there are inherent limitations associated with use single-locus marker that often ignored. this text, I discuss both biological methodological ITS For example, proper species delimitation not possible single marker, significant barcoding gap (i.e. interspecific divergence) missing between sister taxa ITS. Further, we can rarely be fully confident about assigned species-level taxonomy based on available reference sequences. addition to limitations, extra layer complexity variation blended into metabarcoding data due errors may look similar natural molecular variation. The processing must take account basic properties well generated biases. regard, cannot adopt approaches settings other markers, such 16S 18S, blindly. intraspecific variability sometimes intragenomic variability, sequences clustered approach level resolution community studies. Therefore, argue concept amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) applicable. Although region by far best option general (meta)barcoding for fungi, contribution meant remind against naive or simplistic stimulating further discussions.

Language: Английский

Citations

61
How many species will Earth lose to climate change? DOI
John J. Wiens,

Joseph Zelinka

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Climate change may be an important threat to global biodiversity, potentially leading the extinction of numerous species. But how many? There have been various attempts answer this question, sometimes yielding strikingly different estimates. Here, we review these estimates, assess their disagreements and methodology, explore might reach better Large‐scale studies estimated ~1% sampled species up ~70%, even when using same approach (species distribution models; SDMs). Nevertheless, worst‐case estimates often converge near 20%–30% loss, many differences shrink similar assumptions. We perform a new recent SDM studies, which show ~17% loss climate under scenarios. However, shows that are biased by excluding most vulnerable (those known from few localities), lead underestimating loss. Conversely, our analyses responses fundamental assumption species' climatic niches do not over time, frequently violated. For example, find mean rates positive thermal niche across ~0.02°C/year. Yet, still slower than projected ~3–4 fold. Finally, levels can combining group‐specific with projections richness (including cryptic insect species). These preliminary tentatively forecast climate‐related 14%–32% macroscopic in next ~50 years, including 3–6 million (or more) animal plant species, intermediate

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Current trends, limitations and future research in the fungi? DOI Creative Commons
Kevin D. Hyde, Petr Baldrián, Yanpeng Chen

et al.

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 125(1), P. 1 - 71

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset botany, to a valuable, modern scientific discipline. As this study grown, there have been significant contributions science, technology, and industry, highlighting the value fungi in era. This paper looks at current research, along with existing limitations, suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts, mycology. We show how become important emerging diseases medical discuss trends potential drug novel compound discovery. explore phylogenomics, its potential, outcomes address question phylogenomics be applied fungal ecology. In addition, functional genomics studies are discussed importance unravelling intricate mechanisms underlying behaviour, interactions, adaptations, paving way for comprehensive understanding biology. look research building materials, they used as carbon sinks, biocircular economies. numbers always great interest often written about estimates varied greatly. Thus, we needs order obtain more reliable estimates. aspects machine learning (AI) it mycological research. Plant pathogens affecting food production systems on global scale, such, needed area, particularly disease detection. latest data High Throughput Sequencing if still gaining new knowledge same rate before. A review nanotechnology is provided addressed. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi addressed acknowledged. Fungal databases becoming important, therefore provide major databases. Edible medicinal huge medicines, especially Asia prospects discussed. Lifestyle changes (e.g., endophytes, pathogens, and/or saprobes) also extremely trend special issue Diversity.

Language: Английский

Citations

38
Challenges and update on fungal endophytes: classification, definition, diversity, ecology, evolution and functions DOI Creative Commons
Chun-Fang Liao, Mingkwan Doilom,

Rajesh Jeewon

et al.

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

3
The Global Soil Mycobiome consortium dataset for boosting fungal diversity research DOI
Leho Tedersoo, Vladimir Mikryukov, Sten Anslan

et al.

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 111(1), P. 573 - 588

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

105