Nanoparticles in tumor microenvironment remodeling and cancer immunotherapy

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development have significantly improved the fight against cancers. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly in clinical delivery of immunomodulatory compounds. The tumor microenvironment (TME), comprising macrophages, fibroblasts, immune cells, plays a crucial role response modulation. Nanoparticles, engineered to reshape TME, shown promising results enhancing by facilitating targeted These nanoparticles can suppress fibroblast activation, promote M1 macrophage polarization, aid dendritic cell maturation, encourage T infiltration. Biomimetic further enhance increasing internalization agents cells such as cells. Moreover, exosomes, whether naturally secreted body or bioengineered, been explored regulate TME immune-related affect cancer immunotherapy. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, activated pH, redox, light conditions, exhibit potential accelerate co-application with checkpoint inhibitors is an emerging strategy boost anti-tumor immunity. With their ability induce long-term immunity, nanoarchitectures are structures development. This review underscores critical overcoming current driving advancement modification.

Language: Английский

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Advanced insights on tumor-associated macrophages revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing: The intratumor heterogeneity, functional phenotypes, and cellular interactions

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 584, P. 216610 - 216610

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Macrophages in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD): dual roles as therapeutic tools and targets

Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 6, 2025

Graft-versus-host disease remains one of the most formidable barriers to complete success hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that has emerged as curative approach for many malignancies because it affects quality life and overall survival. Macrophages are among important members immune system, which perform dual roles in GVHD both therapeutic tools targets. This review epitomizes multifunctional role macrophages pathophysiology acute chronic GVHD. play an early phase their recruitment infiltration into target organs. Furthermore, they polarize two functionally different phenotypes, including M1 M2. In case GVHD, express phenotype characterized by production pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute tissue damage. contrast, tend toward M2 associated with repair tissues fibrosis. A critical balance these phenotypes is central course severity Further interactions other lymphocytes such T cells, B fibroblast further determine Macrophage interaction alloreactive cells promotes inflammation. therefore inducing injuries during Interaction macrophages, cell, fibroblast, CD4+ fibrosis and, hence, subsequent dysfunction These some insights, while several challenges remain. First, impact dominant on polarization incompletely sometimes controversial. Second, development targeted therapies able modulate macrophage function without systemic side effects area ongoing investigation. Future directions involve exploration macrophage-targeted therapies, small molecules, antibodies, nanotechnology, behavior improve patient outcomes. underlines fact a profound understanding essential developing new more effective strategies. Targeting might represent avenue decreasing incidence improving safety HSCT.

Language: Английский

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Lipid metabolic reprograming: the unsung hero in breast cancer progression and tumor microenvironment

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Aberrant lipid metabolism is a well-recognized hallmark of cancer. Notably, breast cancer (BC) arises from lipid-rich microenvironment and depends significantly on metabolic reprogramming to fulfill its developmental requirements. In this review, we revisit the pivotal role in BC, underscoring impact progression tumor microenvironment. Firstly, delineate overall landscape highlighting roles patient prognosis. Given that lipids can also act as signaling molecules, next describe exchanges between BC cells other cellular components Additionally, summarize therapeutic potential targeting aspects processes, lipid-related transcription factors immunotherapy BC. Finally, discuss possibilities problems associated with clinical applications lipid‑targeted therapy propose new research directions advances spatiotemporal multi-omics.

Language: Английский

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SNX10 Is Involved in Ovarian Cancer Cell Metastasis by Repolarizing Tumor-Associated Macrophages Through mTOR1/Lysosomes Pathway

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1021 - 1021

Published: April 23, 2025

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are prevalent in advanced ovarian cancer tissues and ascites, significantly influencing disease prognosis. However, the mechanisms driving TAM polarization their tumor-promoting effects remain poorly understood. Methods: The subcellular distribution of SNX10 was analyzed using single-cell datasets (GSE147082, GSE58937). Kaplan–Meier Plotter GEPIA2 databases were used to evaluate SNX10’s prognostic relevance. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression THP-1 cells employed tumor cell–macrophage co-culture experiments. Transwell assays flow cytometry assessed on cell metastasis cisplatin-induced apoptosis. RNA sequencing, Western blotting, lysosomal pH detection, lipid droplet staining, RT-qPCR performed explore molecular immune modulation. Results: specifically expressed TAMs, promoting into M2 phenotype. This enhanced migration invasion lines A2780 A2780/CP70 while reducing decreased content, downregulated p-mTOR1, impaired function TAMs. Additionally, differentially modulated PD-L1 mRNA expression platinum-sensitive platinum-resistant cells. Conclusions: regulates mTOR1/lysosome pathway metabolism indirectly modulating metastasis. It also alters expression, suggesting a role shaping microenvironment.

Language: Английский

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Deciphering Breast Cancer Metastasis Cascade: A Systems Biology Approach Integrating Transcriptome and Interactome Insights for Target Discovery

OMICS A Journal of Integrative Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 148 - 161

Published: March 1, 2024

Breast cancer is the lead cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. metastasis a complex and still inadequately understood process key dimension mortality attendant to breast cancer. This study reports dysregulated genes across metastatic stages tissues, shedding light on their molecular interplay in disease pathogenesis new possibilities for drug discovery. Comprehensive analyses gene expression data from primary tumor, circulating tumor cells, distant sites brain, lung, liver, bone were conducted. Genes multiple tissues identified as cascade genes, are further classified based functional associations with metastasis-related mechanisms. Their interactions HUB interactome networks scrutinized, followed by pathway enrichment analysis. Validation potential targets included assessments survival, druggability, prognostic marker status, secretome annotation, protein expression, cell type association. Results displayed critical those specific sites, revealing involvement collagen degradation assembly fibrils other multimeric structure pathways driving metastasis. Notably, pivotal FABP4, CXCL12, APOD, IGF1 emerged high potential, linked significant druggability survival scores, establishing them targets. The significance this research lies its uncover novel biomarkers early detection, therapeutic targets, deeper understanding mechanisms underpinning cancer, an eye precision/personalized medicine.

Language: Английский

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Tumor-associated inflammation: the role and research progress in tumor therapy

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 106376 - 106376

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Metabolic dynamics of tumor-associated macrophages: Implications for cancer therapy

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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