Mycoses,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
65(4), P. 449 - 457
Published: Feb. 17, 2022
COVID-19
patients
on
mechanical
ventilation
are
at
risk
to
develop
invasive
aspergillosis.
To
provide
additional
data
regarding
this
intriguing
entity,
we
conducted
a
retrospective
study
describing
factors,
radiology
and
prognosis
of
emerging
entity
in
Brazilian
referral
centre.This
included
intubated
(≥18
years)
with
admitted
from
April
2020
until
July
2021
that
had
bronchoscopy
investigate
pulmonary
co-infections.
COVID-19-associated
aspergillosis
(CAPA)
was
defined
according
the
European
Confederation
Medical
Mycology/International
Society
Human
Animal
Mycosis
consensus
criteria.
The
performance
tracheal
aspirate
(TA)
cultures
diagnose
CAPA
were
described,
as
well
radiological
findings,
factors
outcomes.Fourteen
(14/87,
16%)
probable
(0.9
cases
per
100
ICU
admissions).
sensitivity,
specificity,
positive
predictive
value
negative
TA
for
diagnosis
85.7%,
73.1%,
46.2%
95%
respectively.
Most
findings
classified
typical
(64.3%).
overall
mortality
rate
71.4%.
Age
only
independent
factor
[p
=
.03;
odds
ratio
(OR)
1.072].
under
renal
replacement
therapy
(RRT)
may
have
higher
fatal
outcome
(p
.053,
hazard
8.047).CAPA
prevalent
co-infection
our
cohort
ventilation.
Older
CAPA,
poor
be
associated
RRT.
Critical Care,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
26(1)
Published: Jan. 28, 2022
Abstract
Purpose
Corticosteroids,
in
particular
dexamethasone,
are
one
of
the
primary
treatment
options
for
critically
ill
COVID-19
patients.
However,
there
a
growing
number
cases
that
involve
COVID-19-associated
pulmonary
aspergillosis
(CAPA),
and
it
is
unclear
whether
dexamethasone
represents
risk
factor
CAPA.
Our
aim
was
to
investigate
possible
association
recommended
therapy
with
Methods
We
performed
study
based
on
cohort
patients
treated
2020
our
13
intensive
care
units
at
Charité
Universitätsmedizin
Berlin.
used
ECMM/ISHM
criteria
CAPA
diagnosis
univariate
multivariable
analyses
clinical
parameters
identify
factors
could
result
Results
Altogether,
among
n
=
522
analyzed,
47
(9%)
developed
had
higher
simplified
acute
physiology
score
(SAPS)
(64
vs.
53,
p
<
0.001)
levels
IL-6
(1,005
461,
0.008).
They
more
often
severe
respiratory
distress
syndrome
(ARDS)
(60%
41%,
0.024),
renal
replacement
they
were
likely
die
(64%
48%,
0.049).
The
analysis
showed
(OR
3.110,
CI95
1.112–8.697)
SAPS
1.063,
1.028–1.098)
be
independent
Conclusion
In
study,
as
associated
significant
three
times
increase
Trial
registration
Registration
DRKS00024578,
Date
March
3rd,
2021.
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
79(4), P. 835 - 845
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Isavuconazole
is
first-line
treatment
of
invasive
aspergillosis.
Therapeutic
drug
monitoring
(TDM)
deemed
not
necessary,
since
most
patients
reached
therapeutic
levels
(>1
mg/L)
in
large
studies.
Low
were
reported
some
critically
ill
admitted
to
the
ICU.
The
aim
was
compare
isavuconazole
between
and
non-critically
patients.
BMC Infectious Diseases,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
25(1)
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
In
the
intensive
care
unit
(ICU),
invasive
aspergillosis
(IA)
has
a
poor
prognosis.
Some
studies
report
positive
association
between
diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
and
IA
in
critically
ill
patients,
but
relationship
DM
ICU
remains
controversial.
We
aimed
to
clarify
among
patients
systematic
review
meta-analysis.
retrieved
all
reports
published
PubMed,
EMBASE,
Cochrane
Library
databases
before
July
12,
2023.
calculated
odds
ratios
(ORs)
95%
confidence
intervals
(CIs)
evaluate
IA.
Subgroup
analyses
were
conducted
further
analyze
sources
of
heterogeneity.
Heterogeneity
was
evaluated
using
Cochran's
Q
test
I2
statistic.
Additionally,
we
publication
bias
funnel
plots,
Egger's
test,
Begg's
test.
Finally,
sensitivity
analysis
robustness
results.
Twenty
with
6155
participants
included
this
found
(OR
=
1.18,
CI:1.01
1.39;
p
0.04).
The
heterogeneity
not
significant
(I²
5%;
0.39)
(Egger's
test:
0.654;
0.417).
results
supported
stable
indicated
that
patients'
comorbidities
might
be
potential
source
had
significantly
higher
risk
COVID-19-associated
pulmonary
(CAPA)
than
those
without
1.40,
CI:
1.15
1.70;
<
0.001).
0%;
0.91).
subgroup
influenza,
OR
0.81
(95%
0.54,
1.23;
0.32;
heterogeneity:
0.36;
I²
8%).
Patients
showed
developing
DM.
factor
for
IA,
highest
observed
diagnosed
CAPA.
Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
56(3), P. 442 - 454
Published: Dec. 15, 2022
COVID-19-associated
mold
infection
(CAMI)
is
defined
as
development
of
infections
in
COVID-19
patients.
Co-pathogenesis
viral
and
fungal
include
the
disruption
tissue
barrier
following
SARS
CoV-2
with
damage
alveolar
space,
respiratory
epithelium
endothelium
injury
overwhelming
inflammation
immune
dysregulation
during
severe
COVID-19.
Other
predisposing
risk
factors
permissive
to
administration
modulators
such
corticosteroids
IL-6
antagonist.
pulmonary
aspergillosis
(CAPA)
mucormycosis
(CAM)
increasingly
reported
pandemic.
CAPA
usually
developed
within
first
month
COVID
infection,
CAM
frequently
arose
10-15
days
post
diagnosis
Diagnosis
challenging
often
indistinguishable
cytokine
storm
COVID-19,
several
diagnostic
criteria
have
been
proposed.
Development
associated
a
high
mortality
despiteappropriate
anti-mold
therapy.
Both
isavuconazole
amphotericin
B
can
be
used
for
treatment
CAM;
voriconazole
primary
agent
posaconazole
an
alternative
CAM.
Aggressive
surgery
recommended
improve
patient
survival.
A
index
suspicion
timely
appropriate
crucial
outcome.
BMC Infectious Diseases,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: April 11, 2024
Abstract
Background
COVID-19-associated
pulmonary
aspergillosis
(CAPA)
is
burdened
by
high
mortality.
Data
are
lacking
about
non-ICU
patients.
Aims
of
this
study
were
to:
(i)
assess
the
incidence
and
prevalence
CAPA
in
a
respiratory
sub-intensive
care
unit,
(ii)
evaluate
its
risk
factors
(iii)
impact
on
in-hospital
Secondary
aims
associated
to
mortality,
significant
features
hematological
Materials
methods
This
was
single-center,
retrospective
COVID-19
patients
with
acute
failure.
A
cohort
compared
non-CAPA
cohort.
Among
CAPA,
further
another
non-hematological
Results
Three
hundred
fifty
included
study.
Median
P/F
ratio
at
admission
unit
225
mmHg
(IQR
155–314).
55
(15.7%)
developed
(incidence
5.5%).
Eighteen
had
probable
(37.3%),
37
(67.3%)
possible
none
proven
CAPA.
Diagnosis
occurred
median
17
days
12–31)
from
SARS-CoV-2
infection.
Independent
for
malignancy
[OR
1.74
(95%CI
0.75–4.37),
p
=
0.0003],
lymphocytopenia
2.29
1.12–4.86),
0.02],
COPD
2.74
1.19–5.08),
0.014].
Mortality
rate
higher
(61.8%
vs
22.7%,
<
0.0001).
resulted
an
independent
factor
mortality
2.92
1.47–5.89),
0.0024].
patients,
age
>
65
years
predictor
5.09
(95%
CI
1.20–26.92),
0.035].
No
differences
observed
Conclusion
life-threatening
condition
rates.
It
should
be
promptly
suspected,
especially
case
malignancy,
lymphocytopenia.
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
37(4), P. 851 - 863
Published: May 25, 2022
The
risk
factors
and
clinical
impacts
of
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)-associated
pulmonary
aspergillosis
(CAPA)
remain
controversial,
no
data
have
been
reported
in
Korea.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
epidemiology
importance
CAPA
diagnostic
efforts
identify
predictors
on
outcomes.Between
January
2020
May
2021,
severely
critically
ill
COVID-19
patients
were
extracted
from
seven
hospitals
Catholic
Medical
Center
through
a
warehouse.
Corticosteroid
use
was
subcategorized
into
total
cumulative
dose,
early
7-day
mean
daily
duration
use.A
2,427
screened,
218
included.
diagnosed
4.6%
(10/218)
all
hospitalized
11.2%
(10/89)
intensive
care
unit
patients.
Total
dose
(over
1,000
mg
as
methylprednisolone)
high-dose
corticosteroid
60
mg/day)
independent
but
not
420
mg/week)
(odds
ratio
[OR],
1.731;
95%
confidence
interval
[CI],
0.350
8.571)
nor
prolonged
(OR,
2.794;
CI,
0.635
13.928).
In-hospital
overall
mortality
11.9%
(26
218).
itself
did
affect
outcome;
rather,
steroid
significantly
increased
30-day
(hazard
ratio,
5.645;
1.225
26.091).CAPA
uncommon,
especially
Daily
predictor
associated
with
high
rates.
High-dose
corticosteroids
after
inflammatory
phase
should
be
avoided,
active
surveillance
methods
for
are
essential
those
high-risk
Journal of Korean Medical Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
37(18)
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
is
often
accompanied
by
secondary
infections,
such
as
invasive
aspergillosis.
In
this
study,
risk
factors
for
developing
COVID-19-associated
pulmonary
aspergillosis
(CAPA)
and
their
clinical
outcomes
were
evaluated.This
multicenter
retrospective
cohort
study
included
critically
ill
COVID-19
patients
from
July
2020
through
March
2021.
Critically
defined
requiring
high-flow
respiratory
support
or
mechanical
ventilation.
CAPA
was
based
on
the
European
Confederation
of
Medical
Mycology
International
Society
Human
Animal
consensus
criteria.
Factors
associated
with
analyzed,
adjusted
a
propensity
score-matched
model.Among
187
eligible
patients,
17
(9.1%)
developed
CAPA,
which
equal
to
33.10
per
10,000
patient-days.
Sixteen
received
voriconazole-based
antifungal
treatment.
addition,
82.4%
53.5%
without
respectively,
early
high-dose
corticosteroids
(P
=
0.022).
multivariable
analysis,
initial
10-day
cumulative
steroid
dose
>
60
mg
dexamethasone
equivalent
dose)
(adjusted
odds
ratio
[OR],
3.77;
95%
confidence
interval
[CI],
1.03-13.79)
chronic
OR,
4.20;
CI,
1.26-14.02)
independently
CAPA.
Tendencies
higher
90-day
overall
mortality
(54.3%
vs.
35.2%,
P
0.346)
lower
support-free
rate
observed
in
(76.3%
54.9%,
0.089).Our
showed
that
corticosteroid
use
might
be
factor
development
possibility
contributing
adverse
patients.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
17(7), P. e0271333 - e0271333
Published: July 11, 2022
Objectives
This
systematic
review
aims
to
summarize
the
mycological
and
clinical
features
of
COVID-19-associated
fungal
infections
(CAFIs)
in
Iran.
Methods
PubMed,
Web
Science,
Scopus,
Cochrane
Library,
SID,
Magiran,
IranDoc,
Google
Scholar
were
searched
for
Persian
English
articles
published
from
January
1,
2020,
November
5,
2021,
using
a
search
strategy.
Studies
on
Iranian
patients
suffering
CAFIs
included
review.
Results
Twenty-two
studies
comprising
169
retrieved.
Reported
candidiasis
(85,
50.30%),
mucormycosis
(35,
20.71%),
aspergillosis
(29,
17.16%),
fusariosis
(6,
3.55%),
three
cases
caused
by
rare
pathogens
(Rhodotorula
mucilaginosa
,
Diaporthe
foeniculina
Sarocladium
kiliense
)
11
(6.51%)
uncharacterized
mold
infections.
The
most
common
underlying
diseases
diabetes
(67/168,
39.88%),
cardiovascular
(55/168,
32.74%),
hypertension
(43/168,
25.59%).
use
antibiotics
(111/124,
89.52%),
corticosteroids
(93/132,
70.44%),
mechanical
ventilation
(66,
51.16%)
predisposing
factors.
Totally,
72
(50.35%)
143
with
died
(data
not
available
26
patients).
Conclusion
Fungal
are
evident
be
complication
COVID-19
Iran;
thus,
clinicians
should
consider
them
as
differential
diagnosis,
especially
comorbidities
previous
antibiotic
or
corticosteroid
use.
Mycoses,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
66(11), P. 941 - 952
Published: Aug. 7, 2023
Abstract
COVID‐19‐associated
pulmonary
aspergillosis
(CAPA)
remains
a
high
mortality
mycotic
infection
throughout
the
pandemic,
and
glucocorticoids
(GC)
may
be
its
root
cause.
Our
aim
was
to
evaluate
effect
of
systemic
GC
treatment
on
development
CAPA.
We
systematically
searched
PubMed,
Google
Scholar,
Scopus
Embase
databases
collect
eligible
studies
published
until
31
December
2022.
The
pooled
outcome
CAPA
calculated
as
log
odds
ratio
(LOR)
with
95%
confidence
intervals
(CI)
using
random
model.
A
total
21
5174
patients
were
included.
Of
these,
20
4675
consisting
2565
treated
but
without
other
immunomodulators
(GC
group)
2110
or
(controls)
analysed.
LOR
higher
for
group
than
controls
(0.54;
CI:
0.22,
0.86;
p
<
.01).
In
subgroups,
high‐dose
(0.90;
0.17,
1.62:
=
.01)
dexamethasone
(0.71;
0.35,
1.07;
had
no
significant
difference
low‐dose
(0.41;
−0.07,
0.89;
.09),
non‐dexamethasone
(0.21;
−0.36,
0.79;
.47),
versus
controls.
increases
risk
development,
this
is
particularly
associated
use
treatment.