Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of European studies published up to 22 January 2024

European Respiratory Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(175), P. 240222 - 240222

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Background Up-to-date evidence from European studies on long-term vaccine effectiveness (VE) of COVID-19 vaccines is lacking. This review aimed to evaluate and durability primary series boosters in preventing infection severe outcomes the population. Methods We conducted systematic searches PubMed Embase up 22 January 2024. included observational that evaluated VE against acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or disease (hospitalisation, intensive care unit admission death) for Europe. applied a random-effects meta-analysis model. Results 33 over 56 million participants. The overall complete with any SARS-CoV-2 variant was 70.7%. lower Omicron, at 26.1%, than pre-Omicron strains, 77.0%. Over time, by decreased 68.9% 38.9% after 6 months. Boosters restored 76.4% maintained 58.4% 3 due 87.4%, 93.3% 62.8% Omicron strains. Protection declined less infection. months series, still provided 50% protection caused Omicron. 87.9% 78.5% Conclusion declines markedly time variants. more durable resistant viral mutation. protection, emphasising need timely booster vaccination vulnerable populations.

Language: Английский

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Real life experience on the use of Remdesivir in patients admitted to COVID-19 in two referral Italian hospital: a propensity score matched analysis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 23, 2024

Abstract Remdesivir (RDV) was the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medication for COVID-19, with discordant data on efficacy in reducing mortality risk disease progression. In context of a dynamic rapidly changing pandemic landscape, utilization real-world evidence is utmost importance. The objective this study to evaluate impact RDV patients who have been admitted two university referral hospitals Italy due COVID-19. All older than 18 years hospitalized at different universities (Bari Palermo) were enrolled study. To minimize effect potential confounders, we used propensity score matching one case (Remdesivir) control that never experienced kind intervention during hospitalization. Mortality primary outcome our investigation, it recorded using death certificates and/or medical records. Severe COVID-19 defined as admission intensive care unit or qSOFAscore ≥ 2 CURB65scores 3. After matching, 365 taking controls included. No significant differences emerged between groups terms mean age percentage females, while less frequently active smokers (p < 0.0001). Moreover, vaccinated against other clinical, radiological, pharmacological parameters balanced groups. use cohort associated significantly lower follow-up period (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.37–0.86; p = 0.007). incidence non-invasive ventilation (OR 0.27; 0.20–0.36). Furthermore, Remdesivir, observed cases mild renal failure requiring reduction dosage which physicians decided interrupt bradycardia QT elongation. Our suggests safe therapy improved clinical outcomes, including halving around 75% invasive ventilation. constantly scenario, ongoing research necessary tailor treatment decisions based latest scientific optimize patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Application of the screening method for estimating COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness using routine surveillance data: Germany’s experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, July 2021 to March 2023

Eurosurveillance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(8)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

The screening method represents a simple, quick, and practical tool for estimating vaccine effectiveness (VE) using routine disease surveillance coverage data, even if these data cannot be linked. In Germany, where notification laboratory testing linked due to strict protection requirements, the was used assess COVID-19 VE continuously between July 2021 March 2023. During this period, when Delta Omicron variants circulated, estimates were produced in real-time different age groups clinical outcomes. Here we describe country’s overall positive experience method, including its strengths limitations, provide guidance regarding few issues, such as case definition stringency, behaviour, stratification, that require careful consideration during analysis interpretation of results.

Language: Английский

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A bead-based multiplex assay covering all coronaviruses pathogenic for humans for sensitive and specific surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

Serological assays measuring antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are key to describe the epidemiology, pathobiology or induction of immunity after infection vaccination. Of those, multiplex targeting multiple antigens especially helpful as closely related coronaviruses other can be analysed simultaneously from small sample volumes, hereby shedding light on patterns in immune response that would otherwise remain undetected. We established a bead-based 17-plex assay detecting all pathogenic for humans: SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV strains 229E, OC43, HKU1, and NL63. The was validated five commercial serological immunoassays, surrogate virus neutralisation test, assay, SARS-CoV-2. It found highly versatile shown by antibody detection both serum dried blot spots three case studies. First, we followed seroconversion four endemic an outbreak study day-care centres children. Second, were able link more severe clinical course stronger IgG with this 17-plex-assay, which IgG1 IgG3 dominated. Finally, our discriminate recent previous infections calculating IgG/IgM ratio N antigen antibodies. In conclusion, due comprehensive method comparison, thorough validation, proven versatility, is valuable tool studies coronavirus serology.

Language: Английский

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Vaccine-induced or hybrid immunity and COVID-19-associated mortality during the Omicron wave

Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 7, 2023

It is not yet entirely clear to what extent vaccine-induced or hybrid immunity protects individuals in Germany from death during the omicron wave of COVID-19 pandemic.In this retrospective study, we evaluated 470 159 cases over age 59 German federal state Bavaria who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 January and 30 June 2022. Cox models were used estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) dying within 60 days infection, depending on sex, age, time point a range levels.Over period observation, 3836 COVID-19-associated deaths registered (case fatality rate 0.82 %). Risk was significantly lower with higher level than unvaccinated (aHR full primary level, if reached less six months before infection: 0.30, 95 %-confidence interval [0.23; 0.39]; more before: aHR 0.46 [0.35; 0.60]). A boosted lowered risk even further (if three 0.17 [0.15; 0.20]; 0.25 [0.21; 0.29]).Among elderly persons Bavaria, associated substantial degree protection against Omicron wave; strength may have diminished somewhat time.

Language: Английский

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Long-term trends in the protection against severe courses of COVID-19 by vaccination

Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

The long-term course of protection against severe COVID-19 courses by vaccine-induced or hybrid immunity in Germany is unclear.

Language: Английский

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Vaccination against COVID-19 in a post-pandemic era

European Respiratory Society eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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