Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
132(1)
Published: Dec. 16, 2024
Abstract
Across
various
European
countries,
Fraxinus
excelsior
L.
is
facing
a
decline
caused
by
Hymenoscyphus
fraxineus
.
The
underlying
mechanisms
of
the
disease
are
still
insufficiently
understood
in
detail.
Observations
suggest
that,
addition
to
main
pathogen,
viral
infections
may
also
contribute
ash
trees.
We
described
homologues
F.
genome
formerly
annotated
virus
resistance
genes
model
species
and
tested
applicability
primers
on
these
gene
fragments.
Further,
prediction
cis-acting
regulatory
elements
transcription
factor
binding
sites
was
accomplished,
determine
exact
location
promoters
genome.
After
annotation
filtering
low-complexity
regions,
for
use
with
genomic
DNA
were
designed
sequences
that
showed
high
degree
similarity
equality
length
translated
regions
regions.
From
newly
primers,
those
most
favourable
primer
selection
parameters
selected
eight
infected—four
symptomatic
four
asymptomatic—samples.
amplified
products
analysed
agarose
gel
electrophoresis.
all
producing
one-band
amplicons,
36
pairs
amplifying
translated,
promoter
selected.
Our
study
first
step
SNP
discovery
marker
development
test.
further
could
be
useful
individuals
infections,
providing
route
more
thorough
understanding
dieback–virus
interaction.
Viruses,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 597 - 597
Published: April 12, 2024
Macrofungi
play
important
roles
in
the
soil
elemental
cycle
of
terrestrial
ecosystems.
Fungal
viruses
are
common
filamentous
fungi,
and
some
them
can
affect
growth
development
hosts.
However,
composition
evolution
macrofungal
understudied.
In
this
study,
ninety
strains
Trametes
versicolor,
Coprinellus
micaceus,
Amanita
strobiliformis,
hirsuta
were
collected
China.
Four
mixed
pools
generated
by
combining
equal
quantities
total
RNA
from
each
strain,
according
to
fungal
species,
then
subjected
sequencing.
The
sequences
assembled,
annotated,
used
for
phylogenetic
analysis.
Twenty
novel
or
viral
fragments
characterized
four
species
macrofungi.
Based
on
analysis,
most
contigs
classified
into
ten
families
orders:
Barnaviridae,
Benyviridae,
Botourmiaviridae,
Deltaflexiviridae,
Fusariviridae,
Hypoviridae,
Totiviridae,
Mitoviridae,
Mymonaviridae,
Bunyavirales.
Of
these,
ambi-like
with
circular
genomes
widely
distributed
among
studied
species.
Furthermore,
number
overall
abundance
these
macrofungi
(Basidiomycota)
found
be
much
lower
than
those
broad-host
phytopathogenic
fungi
(Ascomycota:
Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum,
Botrytis
cinerea).
By
employing
metatranscriptomic
analysis
first
time,
we
demonstrated
presence
multiple
mycoviruses
hirsute,
significantly
contributing
research
Crop Protection,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
181, P. 106706 - 106706
Published: April 22, 2024
The
European
spruce
bark
beetle,
Ips
typographus
is
the
economically
most
important
biotic
damaging
agent
of
Norway
spruce.
Efforts
to
delimit
beetle
populations
by
trapping,
application
chemical
insecticides,
or
mechanically
excluding
beetles
from
their
breeding
substrates
are
often
expensive
and
mostly
inadequate.
use
natural
enemies
viruses
receiving
increased
research
interest
as
a
potential
environmentally
healthy
approach
control
pest
insect
populations,
but
practical
biocontrol
methods
against
I.
still
lacking.
To
learn
more
about
putative
this
species,
we
used
high-throughput
sequencing
determine
its
viral
community
using
collected
at
Finnish
forest
site.
analysis
revealed
diverse
RNA
associated
with
typographus,
including
novel
that
could
be
affiliated
classified
families
Benyviridae,
Metaviridae,
Narnaviridae,
Partitiviridae,
Phenuiviridae,
Solemoviridae,
Virgaviridae,
Tombusviridae,
proposed
family
Spiciviridae,
well
unclassified
"quenyaviruses".
Based
on
phylogenetic
analysis,
were
distinct
from,
resembled,
originating
other
arthropods,
many
them
distantly
related
previously
described
viruses.
possibility
hosted
organisms
than
itself
(associated
fungi,
nematodes
protozoa)
was
addressed
bioinformatic
analyses
discussed.
Virus Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 199467 - 199467
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
The
combined
use
of
Heterobasidion
partitiviruses
13
and
15
(HetPV13-an1
HetPV15-pa1)
is
considered
a
promising
biocontrol
approach
against
root
butt
rot.
In
previous
study,
the
transmission
frequency
HetPV15-pa1
was
found
to
be
higher
from
double
partitivirus-infected
donor
than
single
donor.
this
we
included
wider
array
recipient
isolates
assess
whether
phenomenon
widespread
across
different
host
strains
conducted
experiments
on
artificial
media
(in
vitro)
using
total
45
H.
annosum
donor-recipient
pairs.
addition
investigating
partitivirus
infection
improves
HetPV13-an1
HetPV15-pa1,
examined
for
first
time
how
efficiently
co-infecting
ssRNA
viruses
are
concomitantly
transmitted
with
partitiviruses,
pre-existing
in
recipients
affect
virus
transmission.
Generally,
rates
were
high
both
donors
most
strains,
few
exceptions.
However,
contrast
experiments,
not
donors.
Also,
ourmiavirus
between
but
presence
another
might
efficacy.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 28
Published: Dec. 8, 2024
Fungal
diseases
threaten
the
forest
ecosystem,
impacting
tree
health,
productivity,
and
biodiversity.
Conventional
approaches
to
combating
diseases,
such
as
biological
control
or
fungicides,
often
reach
limits
regarding
efficacy,
resistance,
non-target
organisms,
environmental
impact,
enforcing
alternative
approaches.
From
an
ecological
standpoint,
RNA
interference
(RNAi)
mediated
double-stranded
(dsRNA)-based
strategy
can
effectively
manage
fungal
pathogens.
The
RNAi
approach
explicitly
targets
suppresses
gene
expression
through
a
conserved
regulatory
mechanism.
Recently,
it
has
evolved
be
effective
tool
in
promoting
sustainable
management
bio-fungicides
provide
efficient
eco-friendly
disease
alternatives
using
species-specific
targeting,
minimizing
off-target
effects.
With
accessible
data
on
outbreaks,
genomic
resources,
delivery
systems,
RNAi-based
biofungicides
promising
for
managing
pathogens
forests.
However,
concerns
fate
of
molecules
their
potential
impact
organisms
require
extensive
investigation
case-to-case
basis.
current
review
critically
evaluates
feasibility
against
by
delving
into
methods,
persistence,
aspects,
cost-effectiveness,
community
acceptance,
plausible
future
protection
products.
Forests,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(8), P. 1379 - 1379
Published: Aug. 7, 2024
Plant
diseases
are
mostly
multicausal
with
several
factors
influencing
the
health
status
of
affected
hosts.
Common
ash
(Fraxinus
excelsior),
a
significant
tree
species
European
forests,
is
currently
endangered
by
dieback,
caused
invasive
fungus
Hymenoscyphus
fraxineus.
However,
contributing
factors,
including
pathogenic
viruses,
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
report
results
virus
screening
conducted
on
selected
special
stands
F.
excelsior.
Over
three
consecutive
years,
trees
from
different
origins
were
tested,
leaf
material
mature
seed
trees,
young
and
seedlings
natural
regeneration.
Using
RT-PCR,
screened
for
five
generalist
ArMV
(Nepovirus
arabis)
CLRV
avii),
as
well
newly
discovered
viruses
in
ash,
emaravirus
ASaV
(Emaravirus
fraxini),
idaeovirus
PrLBaV
(Idaeovirus
ligustri),
cytorhabdoviruses.
The
revealed
high
diversity
common
ash.
An
association
detection
specific
symptoms,
shoestring,
chlorotic
ringspots,
vein
yellowing,
was
documented.
analyses
relevant
gene
products
cytorhabdoviruses
obtained
ashes
sites
sequence
diversities
two
distinct
phylogenetic
groups
present
populations.
Signatures
novel
families
have
been
identified
high-throughput
sequencing.
Together,
our
provide
insights
into
distribution
expand
knowledge
about
virome
this
species.
