Sleep Patterns and Predictors of Disturbed Sleep in a Large Population of College Students

Journal of Adolescent Health, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 46(2), P. 124 - 132

Published: Aug. 4, 2009

Language: Английский

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Sleep, circadian rhythms, and delayed phase in adolescence

Sleep Medicine, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 602 - 612

Published: March 27, 2007

Language: Английский

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Physiology of Circadian Entrainment

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 90(3), P. 1063 - 1102

Published: July 1, 2010

Mammalian circadian rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological oscillators, including a master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Since period of this oscillation is ∼24 h, to keep synchrony with environment, need be entrained daily means Zeitgeber (“time giver”) signals, such as light-dark cycle. Recent advances neurophysiology and molecular biology rhythmicity allow better understanding synchronization. In review we cover several aspects mechanisms for photic entrainment mammalian rhythms, retinal sensitivity light novel photopigments well variations retina that contribute regulation physiology. Downstream from retina, examine retinohypothalamic communication through neurotransmitter (glutamate, aspartate, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) interaction SCN receptors resulting signal transduction pathways neurons, putative neuron-glia interactions. Finally, describe analyze gene expression its importance mechanisms, disorders or diseases related deficits, experimental clinical treatments.

Language: Английский

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A Phase Response Curve to Single Bright Light Pulses in Human Subjects

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2003, Volume and Issue: 549(3), P. 945 - 952

Published: April 29, 2003

The circadian pacemaker is differentially sensitive to the resetting effects of retinal light exposure, depending upon phase at which exposure occurs. Previously reported human response curves (PRCs) single bright exposures have employed small sample sizes, and were often based on relatively imprecise estimates resetting. In present study, 21 healthy, entrained subjects underwent pre- post-stimulus constant routines (CRs) in dim (approximately 2-7 lx) with maintained wakefulness a semi-recumbent posture. 6.7 h stimulus consisted alternating 6 min fixed gaze 10 000 free 5000-9000 exposures. Light scheduled across cycle different so as derive PRC. Plasma melatonin was used determine onset, offset, midpoint profiles during CRs. Phase shifts calculated difference between resultant PRC rhythm revealed characteristic type 1 significant peak-to-trough amplitude 5.02 h. delays occurred when centred prior critical core body temperature minimum, advances after phase, no shift phase. During subjective day, prolonged 'dead zone' photic insensitivity apparent. derived using onsets showed larger magnitudes than those from offsets. These data provide comprehensive characterization under highly controlled laboratory conditions.

Language: Английский

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High Sensitivity of Human Melatonin, Alertness, Thermoregulation, and Heart Rate to Short Wavelength Light

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2005, Volume and Issue: 90(3), P. 1311 - 1316

Published: March 1, 2005

Light can elicit acute physiological and alerting responses in humans, the magnitude of which depends on timing, intensity, duration light exposure. Here, we report that response as well its effects thermoregulation heart rate are also wavelength dependent. Exposure to 2 h monochromatic at 460 nm late evening induced a significantly greater melatonin suppression than occurred with 550-nm light, concomitant increased core body temperature (∼2.8 × 1013 photons/cm2/sec for each treatment). diminished distal-proximal skin gradient, measure degree vasoconstriction, independent wavelength. Nonclassical ocular photoreceptors peak sensitivity around have been found regulate circadian rhythm function measured by phase shifting. Our findings—that human thermoregulatory sequelae blue-shifted relative three-cone visual photopic system—indicate an additional role these novel modifying alertness, thermophysiology, rate.

Language: Английский

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The circadian visual system, 2005

Brain Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2005, Volume and Issue: 51(1), P. 1 - 60

Published: Dec. 6, 2005

Language: Английский

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Melatonin Shifts Human Orcadian Rhythms According to a Phase-Response Curve

Chronobiology International, Journal Year: 1992, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 380 - 392

Published: Jan. 1, 1992

AbstractA physiological dose of orally administered melatonin shifts circadian rhythms in humans according to a phase-response curve (PRC) that is nearly opposite phase with the PRCs for light exposure: delays when morning and advances them afternoon or early evening. The human PRC provides critical information using treat sleep mood disorders, as well maladaptation shift work transmeridional air travel. also strongest evidence date function endogenous its suppression by augmenting entrainment light-dark cycle.Key Words: Circadian shiftsCircadian disordersDim onset (DLMO)Melatonin administrationPhase-response

Language: Английский

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Dose-response relationships for resetting of human circadian clock by light

Nature, Journal Year: 1996, Volume and Issue: 379(6565), P. 540 - 542

Published: Feb. 1, 1996

Language: Английский

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Protective and risk factors for adolescent sleep: A meta-analytic review

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 21, P. 72 - 85

Published: Sept. 16, 2014

Language: Английский

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Entrainment of the Human Circadian System by Light

Journal of Biological Rhythms, Journal Year: 2005, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 326 - 338

Published: Aug. 1, 2005

The periodic light-dark cycle is the dominant environmental synchronizer used by humans to entrain geophysical 24-h day. Entrainment a fundamental property of circadian systems which period internal clock (τ) synchronized entraining stimuli (T cycle). An important aspect entrainment in maintenance an appropriate phase relationship between system, timing sleep and wakefulness, time (a.k.a. angle entrainment) maintain wakefulness throughout day consolidated at night. In this article, we review these concepts methods for assessing humans, as well discuss findings on healthy adults. We from studies that examine how phase, intensity, duration, spectral characteristics light affect response human biological including recent minimum intensity required entrainment. briefly conditions disorders failure occurs. provide integrated perspective with respect advances our knowledge effects humans.

Language: Английский

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