The Transformative Role of Nanoenzymes in the Diagnosis, Targeted Treatment, and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer. A comprehensive review DOI Creative Commons
Ahmed Imran,

Aqsa Gulzar,

Muhammad Rehman Gulzar

et al.

Developmental medico-life-sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(10), P. 4 - 22

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Ovarian cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly gynaecological malignancies remains frequently diagnosed at advanced stages because its asymptomatic progression inherent limitations current diagnostic tests. Nanoenzymes (a class nanotechnology-based artificial enzymes) have great promise in addressing these challenges. greatly improve sensitivity specificity biosensors including optical electrochemical systems, with real-time high-precision detection key biomarkers such as CA-125, HE4, mesothelin. The high accuracy biosensors, fluorescence surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based technologies, for early-stage diagnosis, cost-effective, portable, ultra-low limits make them attractive alternatives. Nanoenzyme-based drug delivery systems like liposomes, polymeric micelles, Nanocapsules therapeutic outcomes by allowing targeted transport to tumor tissues, reducing systemic toxicity, overcoming resistance treatment. PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil), a formulation, has been shown enhanced efficacy platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, reduced adverse effects. Further theranostic applications metallic nanoparticles gold iron oxide can be realized using therapy imaging. These advancements come their challenges, however, biological barriers, scalability before clinical translation. Interdisciplinary research, validation, creation regulatory frameworks safety are needed future progress. offer revolutionize diagnosis treatment potential facilitate early detection, precision, patient outcome while filling huge gaps approaches.

Language: Английский

Exploring the Mechanism of Ferroptosis Induction by Sappanone A in Cancer: Insights into the Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated by NRF2/xCT/GPX4 Axis DOI Creative Commons

Junyan Wang,

Haowen Zhuang,

Xiaocui Yang

et al.

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(13), P. 5145 - 5161

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a major subtype of cancer, encompasses squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large carcinoma. Compared to small NSCLC cells grow divide more slowly, their metastasis occurs at later stage. Currently, chemotherapy is the primary treatment for this disease. Sappanone A (SA) flavonoid compound extracted from plant Caesalpinia sappan, known its antitumor, redox-regulating, anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies have investigated interaction SA with mitochondrial pathways in regulating death through Nrf-2/GPX-4/xCT axis. This study specifically explores mechanism by which affects morphology structure regulation mitophagy biogenesis tumor cells. The primarily utilizes second-generation transcriptomic sequencing data molecular docking techniques elucidate role programmed omics results indicate that significantly targets genes involved oxidative phosphorylation, mitophagy, dynamics, stress. Further findings confirmed Nrf-2/GPX4/xCT pathway serves as crucial target NSCLC. Knockdown Nrf-2 (si-Nrf-2) overexpression (ad-Nrf-2) were shown modulate therapeutic efficacy varying degrees. Additionally, modifications GPX4/xCT affected regulatory effects on autophagy, biogenesis, energy metabolism. These mechanisms may be mediated caspase ferroptosis-related signaling. Molecular biology experiments demonstrated intervention further inhibits phosphorylation FUNDC1 Tyr18 downregulates TOM20 expression. was found reduce expression PGC1α, Nrf-1, Tfam, resulting decrease respiration Overexpression counteract biogenesis. Confocal microscopy revealed increases fragmentation, subsequently inducing pathway-mediated death. However, genetic modification altered In conclusion, has been identified promising agent apoptosis ferroptosis represent key Targeting axis offers novel approach maintaining homeostasis within cellular microenvironment.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Exploring the Potential of Mitochondria‐Targeted Drug Delivery for Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy DOI Creative Commons
Yalda Ghazizadeh, Seyedeh Elnaz Sharifi-Ardani, Negin Tajik

et al.

International Journal of Breast Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Breast cancer stands as the utmost prevalent malignancy in women, impacting epithelial tissue of breast and often displaying resistance to effective treatment due its diverse molecular histological features. Current modalities may exhibit decreasing efficacy over time can lead disease progression. The mitochondria, a crucial organelle responsible for cellular metabolism energy supply, stand highly sensitive both heat reactive oxygen species, presenting an assuring target photodynamic photothermal therapies (PTTs) cure. employment nanodrug carriers combination deliveries holds promise addressing challenges related drug degradation off-target toxicity. By circumventing reticuloendothelial system, nanocarriers bolster drug's bioavailability at intended site ensure controlled codelivery multiple drugs, thereby maintaining normal pharmacokinetic features regular pharmacodynamic characteristics different therapeutic mechanisms. precision this innovative technology have revolutionized delivery, substantially enhancing effectiveness. In pursuit targeting mitochondrial modifications cells, various such therapy (PDT), PTT, chemodynamic (CDT) been explored. These improved efficiency mitochondria-targeted their advantageous properties minimal toxicity, noninvasiveness, reduced resistance, safer profile. Our review article provides exhaustive overview alterations environment BC, impact on BC development, potential targets treatment, nanotherapeutic approaches limitations these approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Integrative Genomic and in Silico Analysis Reveals Mitochondrially Encoded Cytochrome C Oxidase III (MT—CO3) Overexpression and Potential Neem-Derived Inhibitors in Breast Cancer DOI Open Access
Oluwaseun E. Agboola,

Samuel S. Agboola,

Oluwatoyin Mary Oyinloye

et al.

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 546 - 546

Published: April 30, 2025

Background: The increasing global incidence of breast cancer calls for the identification new therapeutic targets and assessment possible neem-derived inhibitors by means computational modeling integrated genomic research. Methods: Originally looking at 59,424 genes throughout 42 samples, we investigated gene expression data from Cancer Genome Atlas—Breast (TCGA-BRCA) dataset. We chose 286 thorough investigation following strict screening consistent expression. R’s limma package was used in differential analysis. leading candidate’s protein done with Swiss-ADME Discovery Studio. Molecular docking studies, including 132 neem compounds, were conducted utilizing AutoDock Vina. Results: Among examined, mitochondrially encoded cytochrome C oxidase III (MT—CO3) turned out to be most greatly overexpressed gene, showing elevation across all samples. Protein revealed a substantial hydrophobic pocket (volume: 627.3 Å3) inside structure MT—CO3. Docking investigations showed five interesting inhibitors: 7-benzoylnimbocinol, nimolicinol, melianodiol, isonimocinolide, stigmasterol. Strong binding affinities ranging −9.2 −11.5 kcal/mol diverse interactions MT—CO3, mostly involving residues Phe214, Arg221, Trp58, these molecules displayed. With dominant chemicals, fragment contribution analysis that scaffold percentage influences effectiveness. Stigmasterol greater drug-likeness (QED = 0.79) despite minimal interaction variety, while 7-benzoylnimbocinol presented best-balanced physicochemical profile. Conclusion: Connecting traditional medicine current genomics biology, this work proposes methodology structure-guided drug design development using chemicals finds MT—CO3 as potential target cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Transformative Role of Nanoenzymes in the Diagnosis, Targeted Treatment, and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer. A comprehensive review DOI Creative Commons
Ahmed Imran,

Aqsa Gulzar,

Muhammad Rehman Gulzar

et al.

Developmental medico-life-sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(10), P. 4 - 22

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Ovarian cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly gynaecological malignancies remains frequently diagnosed at advanced stages because its asymptomatic progression inherent limitations current diagnostic tests. Nanoenzymes (a class nanotechnology-based artificial enzymes) have great promise in addressing these challenges. greatly improve sensitivity specificity biosensors including optical electrochemical systems, with real-time high-precision detection key biomarkers such as CA-125, HE4, mesothelin. The high accuracy biosensors, fluorescence surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based technologies, for early-stage diagnosis, cost-effective, portable, ultra-low limits make them attractive alternatives. Nanoenzyme-based drug delivery systems like liposomes, polymeric micelles, Nanocapsules therapeutic outcomes by allowing targeted transport to tumor tissues, reducing systemic toxicity, overcoming resistance treatment. PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil), a formulation, has been shown enhanced efficacy platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, reduced adverse effects. Further theranostic applications metallic nanoparticles gold iron oxide can be realized using therapy imaging. These advancements come their challenges, however, biological barriers, scalability before clinical translation. Interdisciplinary research, validation, creation regulatory frameworks safety are needed future progress. offer revolutionize diagnosis treatment potential facilitate early detection, precision, patient outcome while filling huge gaps approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

1