Advanced subunit vaccine delivery technologies: From vaccine cascade obstacles to design strategies

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 3321 - 3338

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Designing and manufacturing safe effective vaccines is a crucial challenge for human health worldwide. Research on adjuvant-based subunit increasingly being explored to meet clinical needs. Nevertheless, the adaptive immune responses of are still unfavorable, which may partially be attributed cascade obstacles unsatisfactory vaccine design. An extended understanding crosstalk between delivery strategies immunological mechanisms could provide scientific insight optimize antigen improve vaccination efficacy. In this review, we summarized advanced technologies from perspective after administration. The engineered with lymph node specific cell targeting ability, cross-presentation, T activation properties, tailorable release patterns achieve protection high precision, efficiency, stability. We hope review can rational design principles inspire exploitation future vaccines.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Mucoadhesion and Mucopenetration in the Immune Response Induced by Polymer-Based Mucosal Adjuvants

Polymers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 1615 - 1615

Published: March 24, 2023

Mucus is a viscoelastic gel that acts as protective barrier for epithelial surfaces. The mucosal vehicles and adjuvants need to pass through the mucus layer make drugs vaccine delivery by routes possible. mucoadhesion of polymer particle significantly increases contact time between formulations mucosa; then, particles can penetrate epithelium reach mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues. This review presents key findings have aided in understanding mucopenetration while exploring influence physicochemical characteristics on mucus-polymer interactions. We describe polymer-based designed with mucoadhesive or mucopenetrating properties discuss impact polymers local systemic immune responses after immunization. In future research, more attention paid design development could lead effective vaccines.

Language: Английский

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cGAMP the travelling messenger

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 23, 2023

2’3’-cGAMP is a key molecule in the cGAS-STING pathway. This cyclic dinucleotide produced by cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS response to presence of aberrant dsDNA cytoplasm which associated with microbial invasion or cellular damage. acts as second messenger and activates STING, central hub sensing, induce type-I interferons pro-inflammatory cytokines necessary for responses against infection, cancer stress. Classically, detection pathogens danger pattern recognition receptors (PRR) was thought signal production interferon cell where sensing occurred. These then both an autocrine paracrine manner neighboring cells. Deviating from this dogma, recent studies have identified multiple mechanisms can travel cells it STING independent cGAS. observation great importance, pathway involved immune invaders while its dysregulation drives pathology wide range inflammatory diseases antagonists been elusive. In review, we describe fast-paced discoveries be transported. We further highlight they are important detail how change perspective applied vaccine design, immunotherapies treatment disease.

Language: Английский

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Engineering customized nanovaccines for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 330 - 357

Published: March 11, 2024

Nanovaccines have gathered significant attention for their potential to elicit tumor-specific immunological responses. Despite notable progress in tumor immunotherapy, nanovaccines still encounter considerable challenges such as low delivery efficiency, limited targeting ability, and suboptimal efficacy. With an aim of addressing these issues, engineering customized through modification or functionalization has emerged a promising approach. These tailored not only enhance antigen presentation, but also effectively modulate immunosuppression within the microenvironment. Specifically, they are distinguished by diverse sizes, shapes, charges, structures, unique physicochemical properties, along with ligands. features facilitate lymph node accumulation activation/regulation immune cells. This overview bespoke underscores both prophylactic therapeutic applications, offering insights into future development role cancer immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

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Spatiotemporal release of non-nucleotide STING agonist and AKT inhibitor from implantable 3D-printed scaffold for amplified cancer immunotherapy

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 311, P. 122645 - 122645

Published: May 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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