Folic acid-modified ginger-derived extracellular vesicles for targeted treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by remodeling immune microenvironment via the PI3K-AKT pathway

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a form of autoimmune inflammation, is marked by enduring synovial inflammation and the subsequent impairment joint function. Despite availability conventional treatments, they are often marred significant side effects associated high costs. Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) offer compelling alternative, owing to their abundant availability, affordability, low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, feasibility for large-scale production. These enhance intercellular communication transferring intrinsic bioactive molecules. In our research, we delve into capacity PEVs treat RA, highlighting role ginger-derived (GDEVs). By conjugating GDEVs with folic acid (FA), have developed FA-GDEVs that maintain inherent immunomodulatory properties. designed selectively target M1 macrophages in inflamed joints via folate receptors (FRs). Our vitro findings indicate promote polarization towards reparative M2 macrophage phenotype modulating PI3K-AKT pathway. Further corroboration comes from vivo studies, which demonstrate not only concentrate efficiently affected but also markedly reduce manifestations RA. Synthesizing these findings, it evident emerge as hopeful candidate RA treatment, offering benefits such safety, therapeutic efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Brain-Targeting Drug Delivery Systems: The State Of The Art In Treatment Of Glioblastoma

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30, P. 101443 - 101443

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumor, characterized by a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) blood-tumor (BTB) present significant obstacles to efficacy of tumor-targeted pharmacotherapy, thereby impeding therapeutic potential numerous candidate drugs. Targeting delivery adequate doses drug across BBB treat GBM has become prominent research area in recent years. This emphasis driven exploration evaluation diverse technologies for with some already undergoing clinical trials. review provides thorough overview advancements challenges targeted treatment. It specifically emphasizes systemic administration strategies assess their limitations Furthermore, this highlights promising future directions development intelligent systems aimed at overcoming current enhancing against GBM. These not only support foundational on but also offer methodological approaches applications.

Language: Английский

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Lemon-derived nanoparticle-functionalized hydrogels regulate macrophage reprogramming to promote diabetic wound healing

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

The orderly regulation of immune inflammation and promotion the regeneration skin vessels fibers are key to treatment diabetic injury (DSI). Although various traditional polypeptide biological dressings continue be developed, their efficacy is not satisfactory. In recent years, plant-to-mammal has provided an effective approach for chronic wound management, but development plant-based treatments remains challenging. exosomes from Chinese herbs promising healing. this study, plant derived lemons (Citrus limon) were extracted, was verified. Lemon regulated polarization reprogramming macrophages, promoted proliferation migration vascular endothelial cells fibroblasts, thus healing wounds. To solve problems continuous drug delivery penetration depth, Exosomes loaded into a hydrogel constructed Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Dialdehyde Starch (DAS) that closely fits skin, absorbs water, swells, moist breathable, effectively promoting sustained slow release resulting in excellent performance Our GelMA-DAS-Lemon (GelMA/DAS/Exo hydrogel) patch represents potentially valuable option repairing wounds clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Biomimetic electrodynamic nanoparticles comprising ginger-derived extracellular vesicles for synergistic anti-infective therapy

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Abstract Nanotechnology enlightens promising antibacterial strategies while the complex in vivo infection environment poses a great challenge to rational design of nanoplatforms for safe and effective anti-infective therapy. Herein, biomimetic nanoplatform (EV-Pd-Pt) integrating electrodynamic Pd-Pt nanosheets natural ginger-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) is proposed. The introduction EVs greatly endows EV-Pd-Pt with prolonged blood circulation without immune clearance, as well accumulation at sites. More interestingly, can enter interior bacteria an EV lipid-dependent manner. At same time, reactive oxygen species are sustainably generated situ overcome limitations their short lifetime diffusion distance. Notably, nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy exhibit synergistic effects. Furthermore, desirable biocompatibility biosafety proposed guarantee feasibility applications. This proof-of-concept work holds significant promise developing nanoparticles by exploiting intrinsic properties

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Strategy of Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Regenerative Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 6480 - 6480

Published: June 9, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer membrane particles that play critical roles in intracellular communication through EV-encapsulated informative content, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pluripotent with self-renewal ability derived from bone marrow, fat, umbilical cord, menstruation blood, pulp, etc., which they use to induce tissue regeneration by their direct recruitment into injured tissues, the heart, liver, lung, kidney, or secreting factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor insulin-like factor. Recently, MSC-derived EVs have been shown regenerative effects against various diseases, partially due post-transcriptional regulation of target genes miRNAs. Furthermore, garnered attention novel drug delivery systems, because can specially encapsulate molecules. In this review, we summarize molecular mechanisms EVs.

Language: Английский

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