Past and future impacts of land-use changes on ecosystem services in Austria

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 345, P. 118728 - 118728

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Environmental and socio-economic developments induce land-use changes with potentially negative impacts on human well-being. To counteract undesired developments, a profound understanding of the complex relationships between drivers, land use, ecosystem services is needed. Yet, national studies examining extended time periods are still rare. Based Special Report management climate change by Austrian Panel Climate Change (APCC), we use Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to (1) identify main drivers change, (2) describe past future in Austria 1950 2100, (3) report related services, (4) discuss responses. Our findings indicate that (e.g., economic growth, political systems, technological developments) have influenced most. The intensification agricultural urban sprawl primarily led declining lowlands. In mountain regions, abandonment grassland has prompted shift from provisioning regulating services. However, simulations accelerating will surpass significance towards end this century, particularly intensively used areas. Although change-induced remain uncertain, it can be expected range options restricted future. Consequently, policymaking should prioritize development integrated planning safeguard accounting for environmental uncertainties.

Language: Английский

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Drought resistance of major tree species in the Czech Republic

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 348, P. 109933 - 109933

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Forest growth resistance and resilience to the 2018–2020 drought depend on tree diversity and mycorrhizal type

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(8), P. 1787 - 1803

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract The frequency of consecutive drought years is predicted to increase due climate change. These droughts have strong negative impacts on forest ecosystems. Mixing tree species proposed the resistance and resilience communities. However, this promising diversity effect has not yet been investigated under extreme conditions in context complementary mycorrhizal associations their potential role improving water uptake. Here, we investigate whether promotes growth responses are modulated by associations. We used inventory data (2015–2021) from a young experiment Germany, manipulating richness (1, 2 4 species) type (communities containing arbuscular [AM] or ectomycorrhizal [EM] species, both). For all communities, calculated basal area increment periods before, during after concepts quantify drought. found declines 2018–2020 for most Contrary our hypothesis, did find that per se can buffer growth. while EM decreased with richness, they increased AM communities comprising both types. highlight among various mixtures only those mixed types outperformed respective monocultures Furthermore, drought, community tends segregate into ‘winner’ ‘loser’ terms diversity, indicating possible intensification competition. While cannot disentangle underlying mechanisms clarify mycorrhiza findings suggest within could help safeguard forests against increasing frequency. Synthesis . Drought depend association diverse holds promise restoration face

Language: Английский

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Shifts in native tree species distributions in Europe under climate change

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 373, P. 123504 - 123504

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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The effects of geomorphology, soil and climate on the trajectory of aboveground biomass accumulation of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at the southern range margin

CATENA, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 107787 - 107787

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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The effect of forest structure on drought stress in beech forests (Fagus sylvatica L.)

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 554, P. 121667 - 121667

Published: Dec. 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Drought timing, intensity, and consecutiveness have more influence on Douglas fir growth response than site conditions and stand density in European temperate climate

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 569, P. 122177 - 122177

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Leaf Spectroscopy Reveals Drought Response Variation in Fagus sylvatica Saplings From Across the Species' Range

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 130(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract The common European beech ( Fagus sylvatica ), sensitive to prolonged drought, is expected shift its distribution with climate change. To persist in novel environments, young trees rely on the capacity express diverse response phenotypes. Several methods exist study drought effects and their adaptive mechanisms, but these are usually destructive challenging for large sample numbers needed investigate biological variation. We conducted a garden experiment outdoors, under controlled watering conditions, 180 potted 2‐year‐old saplings from 16 provenances across species' range, representing three distinct genetic clusters. Drought stress was simulated by interrupting irrigation stomatal conductance soil moisture were used assess severity. measured leaf reflectance of visible short‐wave infrared electromagnetic radiation determine drought‐induced changes biochemical structural traits derived spectral indices model optical properties. quantified pigmentation, water balance, nitrogen, lignin, epicuticular wax, mass per area drought‐treated saplings, revealing differences likely responses drought. F. Iberian Peninsula showed signatures greater resistance, that is, least change spectrally related pigments content. demonstrate high‐resolution spectroscopy an effective non‐destructive tool individual can characterize functional intraspecific variation among trees. Next, this approach should be scaled up canopy‐level or airborne support assessments forests.

Language: Английский

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Analysing resilience of European beech tree to recurrent extreme drought events through ring growth, wood anatomy and stable isotopes

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Abstract Recent extreme drought events in Central Europe have caused widespread forest dieback with detrimental effects on functioning and carbon water balance. This impact has been notable European beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.), particularly at the core of its distribution, causing concern among stakeholders questions about resilience capacity trees. The objective this study is to investigate physiological processes linked constraints involved cambial growth drought. We selected 56 trees distributed four plots north‐eastern France different soil deficits characterized retrospectively by a balance model. Functional traits including tree ring width, wood anatomical stable isotopes (e.g. δ 13 C 18 O) were measured assess effect recent recurrent 2015, 2018–2020, 2022. Decreased increased O intrinsic use efficiency (iWUE) observed due shortage, whereas xylem vessel size theoretical specific hydraulic conductivity K th ) did not show obvious changes. Vessel density was negatively correlated annual width index highly sensitive C, iWUE significantly related index. plot that experienced most severe intensity 2018–2020 showed significant decrease resistance compared during 2015 event. Surprisingly, associated isotopic traits. Synthesis . Our results demonstrate structure responds adjusting radial rings relatively diameter. also highlights consecutive or reducing resilience, sites higher intensity. Tree does seem involve changes would promote better cope future shortages.

Language: Английский

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Hotter drought increases population levels and accelerates phenology of the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 585, P. 122615 - 122615

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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