Effects of ultra-processed foods on the liver: insights from gut microbiome and metabolomics studies in rats

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Purpose High consumption of Ultra-processed foods (UPF) have been identified as a potential risk factor for Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Nevertheless, there is limited empirical evidence regarding the impact UPF, which are typical combination processed foods, on health through alterations in gut microbiota and metabolic processes. We aim to examine UPF explore role metabolites. Methods This study used Sprague–Dawley rats mimic modern diets 90 days. Some serum biochemical indices, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining liver, 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) rat feces were detected. Results The diet-induced simple steatosis without affecting levels IL-6, GSH, MDA, SOD. Additionally, it modified microbiota, increasing potentially harmful bacteria, such norank_f__Desulfovibrionaceae Staphylococcus , while also elevating relative abundance beneficial including Dubosiella Allobaculum . Furthermore, led metabolomic disorder characterized by disruptions sphingolipid signaling pathway, sulfur relay system, arachidonic acid metabolism. Conclusion In conclusion, findings this indicate that influences development hepatic steatosis, metabolomics.

Language: Английский

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Associations between degree of food processing and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a multicentre prospective cohort analysis in 9 European countries

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50, P. 101208 - 101208

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Association of ultraprocessed food consumption with risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective cohort study in the UK Biobank

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120(4), P. 927 - 935

Published: Aug. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of diabetic kidney disease among individuals with hyperglycemia: a prospective cohort study

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: June 3, 2024

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes is associated with a variety of complications, including micro- and macrovascular neurological manifestations poor wound healing. Adhering to Mediterranean Diet (MED) generally considered an effective intervention in individuals at risk for type mellitus (T2DM). However, little known about its effect respect the different specific T2DM. This prompted us explore MED on three most significant microvascular complications T2DM: diabetic retinopathy (DR), kidney disease (DKD), vascular neuropathies (DN). Methods We examined association between incidence these prospective cohort 33,441 participants hyperglycemia free baseline, identified UK Biobank. For each individual, we calculated Alternate (AMED) score, which yields semi-continuous measure extent individual’s diet can be as MED. used Cox proportional hazard models analyze ratios (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting demographics, lifestyle factors, medical histories cardiovascular factors. Results Over median 12.3 years follow-up, 3,392 cases occurred, 1,084 2,184 632 (DN), some patients having or 3 simultaneously. After confounders, observed that higher AMED scores offer protection against DKD among (comparing highest lowest yielded HR 0.79 [95% CIs: 0.67, 0.94]). Additionally, protective was more evident hyperglycemic T2DM (HR, 0.64; CI: 0.50, 0.83). No such effect, however, seen DR DN. Conclusions In this study, have demonstrated adherence reduced hyperglycemia. Our study emphasizes necessity continued research focusing benefits Such efforts ongoing clinical trial will further insights into role management DKD.

Language: Английский

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Comment on “Ultra-Processed Foods and Liver Cancer Risk: A Call for Further Investigation”

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 46, P. 19 - 19

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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A meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of ultra-processed food consumption with DNA methylation in European children

Clinical Epigenetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Background/objective There is limited knowledge on how diet affects the epigenome of children. Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption emerging as an important factor impacting health, but mechanisms need to be uncovered. We therefore aimed assess association between UPF and DNA methylation in Methods conducted a meta-analysis epigenome-wide studies (EWAS) from total 3152 children aged 5–11 years four European (HELIX, Generation XXI, ALSPAC, R). was defined applying Nova classification system (group 4), measured blood with Illumina Infinium Methylation arrays. Associations were estimated within each cohort using robust linear regression models, adjusting for relevant covariates, followed by resulting EWAS estimates. Results Although no CpG significant at FDR level, we found suggestive associations ( p -value < 10 –5 ) seven sites. Three them, cg00339913 (PHYHIP), cg03041696 (intergenic), cg03999434 negatively associated, whereas other four, cg14665028 (NHEJ1), cg18968409 cg24730307 cg09709951 (ATF7), positively associated intake. These CpGs have been previously health outcomes such carcinomas, related genes are mainly involved pathways thyroid hormones liver function. Conclusion only changes 7 intake large among children: although this shows potential impact DNAm, might not key mechanism underlying effects UPFs more detailed dietary assessment intervention epigenetic linked reduction diet. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Prospective Analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is widespread and has been linked to obesity, hypertension, all-cause mortality. However, the relationship between UPF non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear, especially in populations where traditional diets are still dominant but undergoing a gradual transition. In this study, we investigated association risk of developing NAFLD among Korean adults.Methods: This cohort study included 44,642 adults aged 40-69 years, utilizing data from Health Examinees database. Dietary information was collected through frequency questionnaire, were categorized according NOVA classification system based on degree processing. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model assessed risk.Findings: Over 4.2-year follow-up period, 1,562 participants developed NAFLD. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher associated with 35% 48% increased men women, respectively. Similar results observed both continuous sensitivity analyses. Among diverse subtypes, ramen showed strongest adverse women (hazard ratio = 2.05 (1.59, 2.65) men; 1.80 (1.48, 2.19) women).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that an Further comprehensive investigations broader spectrum warranted corroborate fortify these results. will contribute develop preventive strategies.Funding: research supported by National Research Foundation Korea (NRF) grant funded government Ministry Science ICT (MSIT) (grant number: 2022R1F1A1074279).Declaration Interest: No conflicts interest relevant declare.Ethical Approval: The Institutional Review Board (IRB) (IRB No. 1041078-20230628-HR-174) Ethics Committee Genomic Study Institutes approved study.

Language: Английский

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Artificial Intelligence‐Based Diets: A Role in the Nutritional Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatotic Liver Disease?

Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 38(2)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing global health concern. Effective management of this condition relies heavily on lifestyle modifications and dietary interventions. In study, we sought to evaluate the plans for MASLD generated by ChatGPT (GPT‐4o) according current guideline recommendations. Methods was used create single‐day meal 48 simulated patients with MASLD, tailored individual characteristics such as age, gender, height, weight transient elastography parameters. The were assessed appropriateness disease‐specific guidelines. Results mean energy content menus planned 1596.9 ± 141.5 kcal accuracy 91.3 11.0%, fibre 22.0 0.6 g 88.1 2.5%. However, they exhibited elevated levels protein, fat saturated acids. Conversely, carbohydrate lower. recommended loss obese but did not extend advice normal‐weight overweight individuals. Notably, recommendations Mediterranean diet physical activity absent. Conclusions shows potential in developing management. discrepancies macronutrient distributions omission key evidence‐based highlight need further refinement. To enhance effectiveness AI tools recommendations, alignment established guidelines must be improved.

Language: Английский

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Factors that shape dietary intake in children in the context of increasing risk for obesity development

Pediatric Obesity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

The development of obesity in childhood is the result interplay between a complex array multi-level factors, one which dietary intake. However, intake itself impacted by many factors operating at different levels. This special issue brings together collection papers that examine various influencing children's Rather than issuing call for papers, this came organically based on regular submissions, highlighting growing body research dedicated to understanding how habits can contribute risk. These represent studies have focused external (e.g., fast-food environment, ongoing rapid proliferation ultra-processed foods) and social role parents schools, stress adversity) behavioural reward gratification, sleeping behaviour) genetic as well maternal promote intra-generational transmission. summarized Figure 1. In time when continues rise globally, these may shed light complexity main drivers, namely Below we summarize latest areas resulting from Special Issue.

Language: Английский

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Association between an energy-adjusted inflammatory diet index and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a retrospective cohort study

European Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 64(4)

Published: April 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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