Metagenomic Insights into the Rumen Microbiome in Solid and Liquid Fractions of Yaks and their Differences Compared to Other Ruminants DOI
Xiaoting Yan, Fei Xie, Shuo Yang

et al.

Integrative Zoology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2025

ABSTRACT The rumen microbiome plays a critical role in nutrient metabolism and adaptation of the yak ( Bos grunniens ), an import livestock animal Qinghai–Tibet Plateau renowned for their superior plant fiber degradation capacity. However, among different ecological niches within yak's remains unelucidated. Through shotgun sequencing solid liquid fractions from five yaks, we identified significant differences microbial communities genetic functions between fractions. Solid exhibited dominance by Ruminococcus , Succiniclasticum Aspergillus while Prevotella Paludibacter Parabacteroides Bacteroides prevailed Comparative CAZyme profiling revealed were significantly enriched cellulose/hemicellulose‐targeting enzymes (GH5, GH11, CBM63), implicating specialization breaking down fibrous grasses. In contrast, showed higher abundances starch‐degrading (GH13, CBM48) host‐glycan utilizers (GH92), suggesting roles soluble extraction host–microbe interactions. analysis 574 metagenome‐assembled genomes suggested that Methanomethylophilaceae _UBA71 nitrate‐respiring Ruminococcaceae _Firm‐04 preferentially colonized solids, whereas propionate‐producing Quinella glycan‐degrading more prevalent liquids. Moreover, compared to Hu sheep, enhanced utilization polysaccharide across 10 ruminant species further highlighted host phylogeny as key driver variation. These findings advance our understanding niche differentiation functional unique ecosystem.

Language: Английский

Potential Genetic Markers Associated with Environmental Adaptability in Herbivorous Livestock DOI Creative Commons
Xiaotong Liu,

Yongdong Peng,

Xinhao Zhang

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 748 - 748

Published: March 5, 2025

Herbivorous livestock, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and donkeys, play a crucial role in agricultural production possess remarkable resilience to extreme environmental conditions, driven by complex genetic mechanisms. Recent advancements high-throughput sequencing, genome assembly, data integration have enabled deeper understanding of the basis their adaptation. This review identifies key genes associated with high-altitude, heat, cold, drought adaptation, providing insights into molecular mechanisms underlying these traits. By elucidating adaptations, our study aims support conservation efforts, inform selective breeding programs, enhance productivity, ultimately contributing sustainable livestock farming economic benefits for farmers.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Transcriptomics Reveals the Differences in mRNA Expression Patterns in Yak Uterus of Follicular, Luteal, and Pregnant Phases DOI Creative Commons

Shaohui Beng,

Daoliang Lan,

Yueyue Li

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 837 - 837

Published: March 14, 2025

The yak, an important livestock mostly living in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau region, has attracted massive attention due to its reproductive specificity. However, molecular mechanism regulating yak uterine functions remains be explored. This study utilized transcriptomics identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) yaks across uteruses undergoing follicular phase (UFP) (n = 3/group), luteal (ULP) and pregnant (UPP) aiming depict compare their transcriptomic characteristics. For UFP ULP groups, 495 DEGs were identified, including 329 upregulated 166 downregulated group compared UFP. Advanced analysis indicated that these between primary participants GO items, such as adhesion, cell differentiation, development, significantly enriched KEGG signaling pathways like arachidonic acid metabolism, retinol cAMP pathways. UPP 353 obtained, comprising 198 155 showed mainly related items binding, extracellular prominently ECM-receptor interaction, relaxing pathway, focal adhesion. groups UPP, 1303 encompassing 709 594 ULP. associated with multicellular organismal processes, gathered signal transduction, autophagy. These results provide valuable insights into key biomarkers observable via dynamic changes uterus offer a theoretical basis for further studies on mechanisms improving production performance.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Composition and structural characteristics of lipids in yak, buffalo, and cow colostrum based on untargeted lipidomics DOI Creative Commons

Yuzhuo Wang,

Changhui Li,

Jiaxiang Huang

et al.

npj Science of Food, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: March 23, 2025

Abstract Lipids play pivotal roles in supplying energy and promoting gut health. While yak buffalo milk are known for their high nutritional values, the lipid compositions of colostrum (YC) (BC) remain poorly explored. Here, untargeted lipidomics were applied to analyze YC, BC, cow (CC). 546, 353, 417 differential lipids identified comparisons YC-CC, BC-CC, YC-BC, respectively. Compared CC, YC exhibited a higher content C18:2, while BC was marked by lower levels saturated fatty acids. Additionally, specific biomarkers identified: triacylglycerol (TG) (16:0_10:0_22:6), TG (4:0_12:3_16:0), (4:0_8:0_18:2), (6:0_6:0_22:6), (6:0_8:0_22:6), (6:0_8:0_8:0) more ceramide (Cer) (d19:1_24:1), diacylglycerol (DG) (36:2), hexosyl (Hex1Cer) (d37:1), (40:2e), (4:0_12:0_18:2), zymosteryl (ZyE) (24:7) BC. These findings provide theoretical basis optimizing use various applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dietary energy and protein gradients drive metabolic adaptation in growing-finishing yaks on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau DOI Creative Commons
Shoupei Zhao, Jia Zhou,

Shengtao Guan

et al.

Animal nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Metagenomic Insights into the Rumen Microbiome in Solid and Liquid Fractions of Yaks and their Differences Compared to Other Ruminants DOI
Xiaoting Yan, Fei Xie, Shuo Yang

et al.

Integrative Zoology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2025

ABSTRACT The rumen microbiome plays a critical role in nutrient metabolism and adaptation of the yak ( Bos grunniens ), an import livestock animal Qinghai–Tibet Plateau renowned for their superior plant fiber degradation capacity. However, among different ecological niches within yak's remains unelucidated. Through shotgun sequencing solid liquid fractions from five yaks, we identified significant differences microbial communities genetic functions between fractions. Solid exhibited dominance by Ruminococcus , Succiniclasticum Aspergillus while Prevotella Paludibacter Parabacteroides Bacteroides prevailed Comparative CAZyme profiling revealed were significantly enriched cellulose/hemicellulose‐targeting enzymes (GH5, GH11, CBM63), implicating specialization breaking down fibrous grasses. In contrast, showed higher abundances starch‐degrading (GH13, CBM48) host‐glycan utilizers (GH92), suggesting roles soluble extraction host–microbe interactions. analysis 574 metagenome‐assembled genomes suggested that Methanomethylophilaceae _UBA71 nitrate‐respiring Ruminococcaceae _Firm‐04 preferentially colonized solids, whereas propionate‐producing Quinella glycan‐degrading more prevalent liquids. Moreover, compared to Hu sheep, enhanced utilization polysaccharide across 10 ruminant species further highlighted host phylogeny as key driver variation. These findings advance our understanding niche differentiation functional unique ecosystem.

Language: Английский

Citations

0