COVID-19 and the Working Class: Harm, Resistance, and Solidarity in the United States DOI Open Access
Elizabeth B Pathak, Janelle Menard, Rebecca B. Garcia

et al.

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Compared to many other wealthy nations, the United States lacks a strong social safety net, has weak legal protections for workers, suffered long-term declines in unionization, and eroded gains prosperity achieved by working class post-WWII era. Consequently, despite advancements science medicine, U.S. great harms during COVID-19 pandemic, from direct effects of illness mortality indirect familial, social, economic impacts. The failure federal government protect blue collar, service, retail sales workers with mandatory worksite infection control regulations further endangered communities. dearth leadership been countered solidarity diversified set pandemic monitoring mitigation efforts on part worker organizations (primarily labor unions), service NGOs, Indigenous communities color. Defeating syndemic will require continued solidarity, an ethical framework envisioning future which prioritizes racial justice, structural sociopolitical transformations.

Language: Английский

Methods Used in the Spatial and Spatiotemporal Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemiology: A Systematic Review DOI Open Access
Nushrat Nazia, Zahid A Butt, Melanie Lyn Bedard

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(14), P. 8267 - 8267

Published: July 6, 2022

The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic was spatially heterogeneous around world; transmission disease is driven by complex spatial and temporal variations in socioenvironmental factors. Spatial tools are useful supporting control programs. A substantive review merits methodological approaches used to understand epidemiology hardly undertaken. In this study, we reviewed identify spatiotemporal socioeconomic, demographic climatic drivers such variations. We conducted a systematic literature search studies published English from Embase, Scopus, Medline, Web Science databases 1 January 2019 7 September 2021. Methodological quality assessments were also performed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) risk bias tool. total 154 met inclusion criteria that frequentist (85%) Bayesian (15%) modelling clusters associated models incorporated various spatial, effects into schemes. This highlighted need for more local-level advanced through multi-level framework prevention strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

46
Temporal Dynamics of Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 Outcomes Over the Course of the Pandemic—A Scoping Review DOI Creative Commons
Florian Beese,

Julia Waldhauer,

Lina Wollgast

et al.

International Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 67

Published: Aug. 29, 2022

Objectives: International evidence of socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes is extensive and growing, but less known about the temporal dynamics these over course pandemic. Methods: We systematically searched Embase Scopus databases. Additionally, several relevant journals reference lists all included articles were hand-searched. This study follows PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Results: Forty-six studies included. Of analyses, 91.4% showed stable or increasing pandemic, with socioeconomically disadvantaged populations being most affected. Furthermore, results COVID-19, frequently initiated through higher incidence mortality rates better-off subsequent crossover to (41.9% analyses). Conclusion: The identified have public health implications. Socioeconomic should be monitored time enable adaption prevention interventions according social particularities specific pandemic phases.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic in Catalonia DOI Creative Commons
Pau Satorra, Cristian Tebé

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Abstract In this study, we modelled the incidence of COVID-19 cases and hospitalisations by basic health areas (ABS) in Catalonia. Spatial, temporal spatio-temporal trends were described using estimation methods that allow to borrow strength from neighbouring time points. Specifically, used Bayesian hierarchical models estimated with Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA). An exploratory analysis was conducted identify potential ABS factors associated hospitalisations. High heterogeneity hospitalisation found between along waves pandemic. Urban have a higher than rural areas, while socio-economic deprivation area addition, full vaccination coverage each showed protective effect on risk

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Dir‐GLM: A Bayesian GLM With Data‐Driven Reference Distribution DOI Open Access

Entejar Alam,

Peter Müller,

Paul J. Rathouz

et al.

Statistics in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(5)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

ABSTRACT The recently developed semi‐parametric generalized linear model (SPGLM) offers more flexibility as compared to the classical GLM by including baseline or reference distribution of response an additional parameter in model. However, some inference summaries are not easily generated under existing maximum‐likelihood‐based (GLDRM). This includes uncertainty estimation for model‐derived functionals such exceedance probabilities. latter critical a clinical diagnostic decision‐making setting. In this article, placing Dirichlet prior on distribution, we propose Bayesian model‐based approach address these important gaps. We establish consistency and asymptotic normality results implied canonical parameter. Simulation studies illustration with data from aging research study confirm that proposed method performs comparably better comparison GLDRM. framework is most attractive small sample training sparse‐data scenarios.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Simulating and Forecasting the COVID-19 Spread in a U.S. Metropolitan Region with a Spatial SEIR Model DOI Open Access
Faizeh Hatami, Shi Chen, Rajib Paul

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(23), P. 15771 - 15771

Published: Nov. 27, 2022

The global COVID-19 pandemic has taken a heavy toll on health, social, and economic costs since the end of 2019. Predicting spread is essential to developing effective intervention policies. Since beginning this pandemic, many models have been developed predict its pathways. However, majority these assume homogeneous dynamics over geographic space, while exhibits substantial spatial heterogeneity. In addition, interaction among territorial entities variations in their magnitude impact dynamics. study, we used extension SEIR-type epidemiological model simulate 4-week number cases Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), USA. We incorporated variety covariates, including mobility, pharmaceutical, non-pharmaceutical interventions, demographics, weather data improve model's predictive performance. predicted for up four weeks 10 counties studied MSA simultaneously time period 29 March 2020 13 2021, compared results with reported using root-mean-squared error (RMSE) metric. Our highlight importance heterogeneity interactions locations modeling.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Is there a relationship between internet access and COVID-19 mortality? Evidence from Nigeria based on a spatial analysis DOI Creative Commons
Richard Adeleke

Dialogues in Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100102 - 100102

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

With over 6.5 million deaths due to COVID-19, it has become an issue of global health concern. Early findings have identified several social determinants from COVID-19. However, very few studies been done on the relationship between internet access and COVID-19 mortality in context developing countries. Using geospatial methods, this study examines disparity Nigeria. In contrast widely reported literature that lowers risk mortality, current finds geographical locations with highest are hotspots Nigeria, especially some parts southwest addition, show population density unemployment factors mortality. The recommends educating use online information need adhere strictly non-pharmaceutical vaccination interventions reduce number caused by virus.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Urban and Rural Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes in the United States: A Systematic Review DOI Creative Commons
Jung A. Kang, Denise D. Quigley, Ashley M. Chastain

et al.

Medical Care Research and Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

This systematic review investigates disparities in COVID-19 outcomes (infections, hospitalizations, and deaths) between urban rural populations the United States. Of 3,091 articles screened, 55 were selected. Most studies (

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Forest Area, CO2 Emission, and COVID-19 Case-Fatality Rate: A Worldwide Ecological Study Using Spatial Regression Analysis DOI Open Access
Hansen Li, Guodong Zhang, Yang Cao

et al.

Forests, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 736 - 736

Published: May 9, 2022

Spatial analysis is essential to understand the spreading of COVID-19 pandemic. Due numerous factors multi-disciplines involved, current pandemic yet fully known. Hence, study aimed expand knowledge on by exploring roles forests and CO2 emission in case-fatality rate (CFR) at global level. Data were captured forest coverage per capita from 237 countries. Meanwhile, extra demographic socioeconomic variables also included adjust for potential confounding. Associations between CFR assessed using spatial regression analysis, results further stratified country income levels. Although no distinct association or was found worldwide, we that a 10% increase rates associated with 2.37‰ (95%CI: 3.12, 1.62) decrease CFRs low-income countries; 0.94‰ 1.46, 0.42) low-middle-income Since strong correlation observed GDP (r = 0.89), replaced obtained similar results. Our findings suggest higher may be protective factor countries, which related their low urbanization levels high accessibilities. On other hand, can surrogate GDP, critical likely lower-middle-income

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Using Cultural Variance Framework to Promote Vaccine Confidence among African Americans: A Qualitative Content Analysis of “We Can Do This” COVID-19 Vaccine Campaign DOI
Sean J. Upshaw, Olga Idriss Davis, Brad Love

et al.

Howard Journal of Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 119 - 137

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

AbstractThe study examines ways the cultural variance framework (CVF) enhances vaccine confidence messaging among African American healthcare consumers concerning coronavirus. The main emphasis lies in "We Can Do This" campaign, which employs CVF to develop tailored social media, advertising, and televised commercials actively involve Americans advocate for advantages of coronavirus vaccine. This qualitative seeks fill a gap health communication literature by investigating how CVF, as sub-feature audience-centered messaging, engages with Americans, encouraging their active engagement participation. findings reveal that contextual specificity, identity, characteristic features play significant role fostering using culturally messaging. explicates conceptual implications future interventions prioritizing regarding disparities.KEYTERMS: AmericanCOVID-19cultural frameworkhealth communicationvaccine Disclosure statementNo potential conflict interest was reported author(s).Notes1 refers persons Sub-Saharan ancestral origins Brown or Black complexion. term Americans' signifies geographical origin descent attempts describe group (Agyemang et al., Citation2005).2 COVID-19 vaccination data may differ upon presentation new pandemic continues at time manuscript development.3 Health disparity difference, based on one more outcomes characterized pattern poorer outcomes, indicated overall rate disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity, mortality, survival population compared status general (Danka-Mullan Citation2021).Additional informationFundingThe authors declare no funds, grants, other support were received during preparation this manuscript.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Moving the needle on health inequities: principles and tactics for effective cross-sector population health networks DOI Creative Commons

Allison Gertel-Rosenberg,

Janet Viveiros,

Alexander Koster

et al.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(1), P. 27 - 32

Published: Nov. 24, 2021

Purpose of review To summarize elements cross-sector population health networks to support systems and policy change achieve equitable access services healthy development opportunities for young children families, allowing everyone have a fair just opportunity be as possible. Recent findings The principles tactics Equity Inclusion, Readiness, Joint Planning, Governance, Data can guide in effectively supporting communities addressing inequities. These are not linear or siloed, but rather, they overlap reinforce each other. require equity the participation community members central all aspects network work. Summary By building strong relationships among partners, ensure is short-term, transactional one-time project, sustained collaboration through enduring processes infrastructure. Networks gain fuller understanding needs assets engagement leadership by than could gather from data surveys alone. This approach serving making equal partners effort helps place at center network's focus, does embedding equity-related decision-making tools into daily operations network. If build resilient, inclusive structures procedures, utilize them quickly pivot adjust emerging respond crisis.

Language: Английский

Citations

4