bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 17, 2022
Abstract
Flower
strips
are
a
common
agricultural
practice
to
increase
aboveground
biodiversity
and
beneficial
ecosystem
services.
Although
soil
communities
key
component
of
terrestrial
drive
important
services,
their
abundance,
diversity,
composition
in
flower
remain
largely
unexplored.
Here,
we
shed
light
on
earthworms
microorganisms
aim
provide
starting
point
for
research
belowground
strips.
In
2020,
established
field
margin
vegetation
as
well
two
annual
perennial
strip
mixtures
at
three
study
sites
Germany
that
were
previously
conventional
croplands
or
fallow.
Two
years
following
this
conversion,
determined
earthworm
investigated
the
microbiome
using
real-time
PCR
(archaea,
bacteria,
fungi,
soil-N-cycling
genes)
amplicon
sequencing
(bacteria
fungi).
Different
plant
(i.e.
margin,
annual,
strips)
harbored
distinct
microbial
communities.
Earthworm
density
biomass
declined
remained
unaffected
but
increased
compared
margins.
Arbuscular
mycorrhizal
fungi
showed
greater
diversity
community
share
non-tilled
tilled
strips).
We
attribute
changes
mainly
effect
tillage
diversity.
Overall,
suggest
serve
refugia
biota
landscapes.
Future
studies
should
compare
those
adjacent
fields
investigate
whether
effects
restricted
spatially
extend
into
(‘spillover’).
Environmental Pollution,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
356, P. 124343 - 124343
Published: June 7, 2024
Sewage
sludge
applications
release
contaminants
to
agricultural
soils,
such
as
potentially
toxic
metals
and
microplastics
(MPs).
However,
factors
determining
the
subsequent
mobility
of
MPs
in
long-term
field
conditions
are
poorly
understood.
This
study
aimed
understand
vertical
distribution
soils
amended
with
sewage
comparison
conventional
mineral
fertiliser
for
24
years.
The
depth-dependent
MP
mass
number
concentrations,
plastic
types,
sizes
shapes
were
compared
organic
carbon
provide
insights
into
transport-limiting
factors.
Polyethylene,
polypropylene
polystyrene
concentrations
screened
down
90
cm
depth
via
pyrolysis-gas
chromatography/mass
spectrometry.
additional
sizes,
analysed
40
using
micro-Fourier
transform-infrared
imaging.
Across
all
depths,
numbers
twice
8
times
higher
when
was
applied,
a
share
textile-related
plastics,
more
fibres
on
average
larger
particles
than
soil
receiving
fertiliser.
Transport
beyond
plough
layer
(0–20
cm)
is
often
assumed
negligible,
but
substantial
(42
%)
(52
detected
70
sludge-amended
soils.
initial
mobilization
shape-
size-dependent,
because
fractions
fragmental-shaped
relatively
small
increased
directly
below
layer,
not
at
greater
depths.
sharp
decline
total
between
20
resembled
that
matter
suggesting
similar
transport
limitations.
We
hypothesize
effect
management,
ploughing,
compactness
by
bioturbation
macropores
drives
over
long
time
scales.
Risk
assessment
should
therefore
account
considerable
displacement
avoid
underestimating
exposure.
Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
49(2), P. 51 - 63
Published: April 28, 2023
This
study
researches
the
influence
of
three
tillage
systems
(conventional,
economical
and
mulch
tillage)
when
combined
with
different
soil
plastic
mulching
fertilizer
applications
on
key
selected
physical
properties
(SPP)
at
0-20
cm
depth
in
a
wheat
agricultural
site,
during
summer
(from
1st
June
to
31st
July
2015).
SPP
include
porosity
(Φ),
volumetric
water
content
60
days
after
irrigation
field
capacity
(q60),
mean
weight
diameter
aggregates
(MWD).
The
term
refers
here
conservation
practice
where
surface
is
disturbed
by
whereby
crop
residues
are
mixed
certain
amount
remain
surface,
while
placement
inorganic
material
over
top
protect
it.
Soil
treatments
included
system:
conventional
using
combination
mouldboard
plough
disc
harrow
(MP+DH),
rotary
cultivator
(RC),
chisel
(MT+CP);
mulching:
transparent
(TM),
black
(BM)
200
wide
0.05
thick,
without
(WM);
fertilisers:
composed
organic
fertiliser
(CoF),
no-composed
(NoF),
chemical
(ChF).
split–split-plot
design
under
randomized
complete
block
(RCBD)
was
established
27
3
replicated,
map
Φ,
q60,
MWD
based
81
samples
from
all
treatments.
Results
showed
that
have
diverse
impacts
SPP.
MP+DH
resulted
higher
q60
(0.22
cm3
cm-3),
(0.85
mm),
Φ
(56.87%).
Our
findings
MT+CP
obtained
0.98
mm
lower
49%
compared
other
systems.
had
significantly
modified
SPP,
BM
resulting
highest
(55.65%),
(0.35
(1.06
mm).
indicated
no
significant
differences
between
types
CoF
effect
related
characteristics
studied.
These
can
help
us
understand
individual
effects
system,
mulching,
fertilization
application
some
agriculture.
A
further
more
focus
depths
(plastic
vs
for
crops)
variety
soils
climatic
conditions,
as
well
thermal
needs
investigation.
Plant and Soil,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
492(1-2), P. 209 - 227
Published: July 21, 2023
Abstract
Aims
Incorporation
of
flower
strips
is
an
agricultural
measure
to
increase
aboveground
biodiversity
and
ecosystem
services.
Although
soil
communities
are
key
components
terrestrial
drive
important
services,
their
abundance,
diversity,
composition
in
remain
largely
unexplored.
Here,
we
shed
light
on
earthworms
microorganisms
strips.
Methods
We
sowed
a
grassy
field
margin
vegetation
as
well
two
annual
perennial
strip
mixtures
fully
randomized
plots
9
×
28
m
three
different
types
Germany.
Two
years
following
sowing,
determined
earthworm
using
chemical
extraction
investigated
the
microbiome
real-time
PCR
(archaea,
bacteria,
fungi,
soil-N-cycling
genes)
amplicon
sequencing
(bacteria
fungi).
Results
Different
plant
(i.e.
margin,
strips)
harbored
distinct
microbial
communities.
Earthworm
density
biomass
declined
or
remained
unaffected
but
increased
compared
margins.
Arbuscular
mycorrhizal
fungi
showed
greater
diversity
relative
abundance
non-tilled
than
tilled
strips).
Conclusions
attribute
changes
mainly
effect
tillage
diversity.
Overall,
suggest
that
serve
refugia.
Future
studies
should
compare
biota
those
adjacent
fields
investigate
whether
promotion
extends
into
(‘spillover’).
Journal of Water and Climate Change,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(3), P. 1034 - 1053
Published: Feb. 22, 2024
Abstract
Climate
change
has
increased
the
intensity,
frequency
and
duration
of
heatwaves
droughts
in
Europe
turning
water
management
into
an
even
more
complicated
issue.
Because
is
a
fundamental
resource
for
agriculture,
to
be
addressed
with
climate
adaptation.
While
stakeholders
Lower
Saxony
are
aware
adaptation
measures
they
could
implement
dampen
effects
change,
evidence
effectiveness
at
local
scale
still
missing.
An
analysis
using
new
hydrological
model
was
performed
test
four
suggested
by
stakeholders.
Changing
crops
strongest
effect
followed
improving
irrigation
efficiency,
humification
and,
finally,
artificial
aquifer
recharge.
If
changed,
demand
energy
consumption
reduced
up
20.7%,
costs
19.1%,
level
rise
284.85
mm
emissions
26.6%
end
century.
Artificial
recharge
proved
inadequate
method
region
as
it
does
not
impact
demand,
insufficient
amount
available
have
substantial
on
aquifer.
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
362, P. 108836 - 108836
Published: Dec. 15, 2023
Intensive
management
of
arable
land
reduces
earthworm
density
and
diversity.
This
may
impair
earthworm-mediated
soil
functions,
such
as
nutrient
mineralization
structure
formation.
To
sustain
source
populations
for
re-colonization
cultivated
soils,
it
is
therefore
important
to
preserve
habitats
with
high
Semi-natural
grasslands,
a
long
continuity
without
disturbance,
could
serve
diversity
reservoirs.
particularly
in
mixed
agricultural
landscapes
elements
multiple
uses.
Nonetheless,
vary
greatly
among
grasslands.
optimally
manage
the
most
suitable
knowledge
about
which
grassland
characteristics
best
explain
needed.
Additionally,
we
have
limited
picture
general,
because
previous
studies
neglected
juvenile
earthworms
cryptic
species.
The
fraction
commonly
comprises
main
part
samples,
whereas
morphologically
inseparable
species
account
an
unknown
fraction.
particular
importance,
juveniles
reflect
local
reproductive
regeneration
potential
communities.
determine
full
composition
communities,
sampled
from
28
semi-natural
grasslands
south-central
Sweden
identified
them
by
DNA
barcoding.
test
how
density,
diversity,
community
composition,
measured
several
vegetation,
descriptors
surrounding
landscape.
barcoding
revealed
nearly
twice
many
were
morphologically.
Earthworm
densities
higher
Ellenberg
moisture
indicator
values
lower
C:N
ratios.
occurrence
was
also
ratios,
further
increased
habitat
heterogeneity.
Certain
occurred
more
likely
grazing
intensity.
Epigeic
earthworms,
live
feed
on
surface
litter,
common
SOM
content.
Thus,
dry
relatively
unproductive
are
Sweden,
unlikely
–
pattern
contrasting
previously
reported
plant
responses.
Instead,
seems
concentrated
productive
grazed
large
within-grassland
Therefore,
highlight
importance
considering
animals
conservation
policies
Earth,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
3(3), P. 895 - 906
Published: Aug. 18, 2022
Regenerative
agriculture
is
a
potential
alternative
to
conventional
agricultural
systems.
It
integrates
the
components
of
zero-tillage,
permanent
soil
cover,
diverse
crop
rotations
and
rotational
or
mob-grazing
by
ruminant
livestock.
Earthworms
are
beneficial
macrofauna
function
as
indicators
health.
A
need
exists
identify
how
earthworm
populations
affected
when
all
four
regenerative
implemented
simultaneously.
This
study
investigates
abundance
in
three
split-plot
treatments
located
on
adjacent
land
within
same
farm:
(1)
ungrazed
grassland,
(2)
three-year
grass-clover
ley
an
arable
zero
tillage
system
without
grazing
(3)
identical
treatment
2
but
with
mob-grazing.
were
sampled
using
pits
classified
into
functional
groups:
epigeic
(surface
dwellers),
endogeic
(sub-surface),
anecic
(deep
soil)
juveniles.
The
total
count,
juvenile
groups
significantly
(p
≤
0.05)
higher
(3),
Mob-grazing
increases
diversity
carbon
sources
available
earthworms
has
positive
impact
group
rotation
under
evaluation.
Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(20), P. 10637 - 10637
Published: Oct. 21, 2022
Agroforestry
systems
allow
conservation
of
natural
resources
and
promotion
sustainable
agriculture
in
the
Ecuadorian
Amazon.
Nevertheless,
benefit
associated
species
that
are
part
these
production
needs
to
be
demonstrated.
The
aim
this
study
was
find
out
influence
on
crop
yield,
carbon
sequestration,
presence
earthworms,
nutritional
contribution
legume
with
naranjilla
(Solanum
quitoense)
an
agroforestry
system.
research
carried
Palora
Experimental
Farm
INIAP,
using
a
randomized
complete
block
design
three
replications.
treatments
were
made
up
cultivation
(agroforestry
or
without
50%
fertilization)
monoculture
as
control,
two
levels
conventional
fertilization
(50
100%).
In
arrangements,
Gliricidia
sepium
Flemingia
macrophylla
used
supply
biomass.
results
showed
during
evaluation
cycles,
yield
influenced
by
quality
biomass
added
soil
not
amount
synthetic
chemical
fertilizer
supplied.
G.
F.
provided
greater
Mg,
Mn,
Zn,
B,
Fe;
elements
contributed
earthworms.
suggest
use
positively
naranjillla
productivity,
favoring
