Molecular Characteristics and Distribution of Adult Human Corneal Immune Cell Types

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

Background The limbus is located at a 2-mm-wide area between the bulbar conjunctiva and cornea has been suggested to be niche of corneal epithelial stem cells immune cells. Like skin intestines, also an important mucosal surface, on play critical roles in surveillance ensure barrier surface homeostasis protection from various environmental damage infections. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C positive (PTPRC + ) hematopoietic could provide single cell atlas all subsets. Methods We performed single-cell generate transcriptomic profile for 804 sort-purified three healthy donors. Results Our identified primary pattern multiple subtypes, including naive T cells, antiviral effector CD8 innate such as IDO1 mature regulatory dendritic (mregDCs), macrophages, monocytes, basophils human limbus. Conclusion Overall, limbal possible contribution these adaptive response cornea.

Language: Английский

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Maladaptive T-Cell Metabolic Fitness in Autoimmune Diseases

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(21), P. 2541 - 2541

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

Immune surveillance and adaptive immune responses, involving continuously circulating tissue-resident T-lymphocytes, provide host defense against infectious agents possible malignant transformation while avoiding autoimmune tissue damage. Activation, migration, deployment of T-cells to affected sites are crucial for mounting an response. An effective depends on the ability dynamically reprogram their metabolic requirements in response environmental cues. Inability adapt specific demands may skew cells become either hyporesponsive (creating immunocompromised conditions) or hyperactive (causing destruction). Here, we review maladaptive T-cell fitness that can cause diseases discuss how programs potentially be modulated achieve therapeutic benefits.

Language: Английский

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Variation in the basal immune state and implications for disease

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Analysis of pre-existing immunity and its effects on acute infection often focus memory responses associated with a prior infectious exposure. However, occur in the context overall immune state leukocytes must interact their microenvironment other cells. Thus, it is important to also consider non-antigen-specific factors which shape composite basal functional capacity system, termed here as I0 ('I naught'). In this review, we discuss determinants I0. Utilizing influenza virus model, then effect susceptibility disease severity. Lastly, outline mathematical framework demonstrate how researchers can build tailor models specific needs. Understanding diverse uniquely collectively impact competence will provide valuable insights into mechanisms variation, aid screening for high-risk populations, promote development broadly applicable prophylactic therapeutic treatments.

Language: Английский

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Heterogeneity of lymphocyte subsets in predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment response in advanced lung cancer: an analysis across different pathological types, therapeutic drugs, and age groups

Translational Lung Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 1264 - 1276

Published: June 1, 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has become pivotal in the treatment of advanced lung cancer, yet absence reliable biomarkers for assessing response poses a significant challenge. This study aims to explore predictive value various lymphocyte subsets different cancer subtypes, thus potentially identifying novel improve ICI stratification and outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Targeting immunosenescence for improved tumor immunotherapy

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(11)

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Abstract Tumor immunotherapy has significantly transformed the field of oncology over past decade. An optimal tumor would ideally elicit robust innate and adaptive immune responses within microenvironment (TIME). Unfortunately, system experiences functional decline with chronological age, a process termed “immunosenescence,” which contributes to impaired against pathogens, suboptimal vaccination outcomes, heightened vulnerability various diseases, including cancer. In this context, we will elucidate hallmarks molecular mechanisms underlying immunosenescence, detailing alterations in immunosenescence at molecular, cellular, organ, disease levels. The role tumorigenesis senescence‐related extracellular matrix (ECM) also been addressed. Recognizing that is dynamic influenced by factors, evaluate treatment strategies targeting mechanisms, as well methods for cell, organ restoration, present emerging approaches immunotherapy. overarching goal research prevent development, recurrence, metastasis, ultimately improving patient prognosis. Our review aims reveal latest advancements prospective directions research, offering theoretical basis development practical anti‐immunosenescence anti‐tumor strategies.

Language: Английский

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