Ecomorphology of insect mechanosensilla

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 317 - 371

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Instar determination, development, and sexual dimorphism for Gynaephora menyuanensis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriinae) and ultrastructure of adult antennae

Journal of Insect Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Gynaephora menyuanensis Yan & Zhou is one of the most devastating pests that harm ecosystem alpine meadows and hinder advancement animal husbandry. However, current knowledge morphology different developmental stages within G. reveals an information deficit needs to be addressed. This study first report life history, sexual dimorphism, eggs, mature larvae, pupae, adult antennal sensilla types menyuanensis. used a K-means clustering method, based on head width, body length, number crochets larvae at each instar, differentiate instars menyuanensis; description antennae employed light microscopy scanning electron photographs. The results revealed instar grouping was reliable verified by Brooks-Dyar combined with Crosby rules, revealing larval stage comprises 7 instars. species produces generation per year in meadow, its cycle lasting approximately 300 d total. pupae significantly differed between sexes, indicating dimorphism 2 genders. Nine 14 subtypes were observed male (bipectinate), while only 3 found female (club-like). Our findings have implications for better understanding adaptation strategies under extreme environmental conditions Qinghai-Tibet Plateau developing scientific effective pest control methods.

Language: Английский

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Morphology of Mouthparts and Distribution of Sensilla in Immature Stages and Adults of Parthenium Beetles

Microscopy and Microanalysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(3)

Published: May 9, 2025

Abstract The Parthenium beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a notable biocontrol agent against invasive weed in Australia, South Africa, and the Indian subcontinent. While larvae consume both inflorescences leaves, adults feed exclusively on no prior study has compared mouthparts of Z. adults. Present utilized scanning electron microscopy to investigate morphology distribution sensilla fourth-instar larvae, pupae, Our results revealed that had 9-different sensillum types: chaetica (Sch I-III), basiconica (Sb I-V), digitiformia (Ds) their mouthparts, whereas pupal were fewer less distinct. In adults, 13-different types present: I-III) labrum, labium, mandibles, maxillae; I-VI) epipharyx, lacinia, maxillary palps, labial palps; campaniformia (Sca), coeloconica (Sco I-II) epipharyx. These likely play vital roles feeding behavior, sensory perception, host plant detection. findings provide microscopic morphological foundation for further research food recognition mechanisms local adaptations specialist phytophagous insects.

Language: Английский

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The ultrastructure of nymphal dermal pores and the genitalia of adult male of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis, has established itself as an invasive insect pest worldwide. It causes structural and physiological damage to various crops can cause substantial financial losses in their production. successful reproduction of this under a wide range conditions is key its success. Despite this, the morphology genitalia, genital sensilla, wax-producing dermal pores received little attention, with descriptions ultrastructure. By investigating those features SEM, present study revealed considerable new insights into identification nymphal adult stages P. solenopsis. In addition, description ultrastructural immature solenopsis characteristics that facilitate discrimination. Trilocular were observed on both sides body, while quinquelocular distributed only ventral surface first second instars. male characterized by two pairs waxy caudal filaments surrounded clusters 55 60 stellate pores, each pregenital segment bears pair composed 4 or 5 peripheral loculi. Sensilla trichodea numerous microtrichia are segments. penile sheath three subtypes sensilla basiconica also campaniformia, whereas style campaniformia. findings could assist provide structures found genitalia possibly have important role mating events copulatory behavior. Furthermore, these able contribute better understanding functional

Language: Английский

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Functional morphology of the mouthparts of longhorn beetle adult Psacothea hilaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and sensilla comparisons between the sexes

Arthropod Structure & Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 101312 - 101312

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

Language: Английский

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Gustatory function of sensilla chaetica on the labial palps and antennae of three tortricid moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

In adult Lepidoptera the labial palps are best known for their role in CO2 detection, but they can also bear sensilla chaetica which function is unknown. The number and distribution of was studied using a bright field microscope. To determine if these have gustatory function, we performed single sensillum electrophysiology recordings from palp antennal moths Cydia pomonella (L.), Grapholita molesta (Busck) Lobesia botrana (Denis Shieffermüller). Each stimulated with 3 doses one four test stimulus (sucrose, fructose, KCl NaCl). Overall, responses (spikes/s-1) increased dose, were higher than antennae, to sugars salts. With response concentration not antenna. salts there drop at intermediate concentration. position on variable among individuals. Sensilla located most exposed areas palp. Differences detected between species. Such differences species antenna suggest that taste an unforeseen adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary functional morphology of the proboscis and feeding apparatus of hawk moths (Sphingidae: Lepidoptera)

Journal of Morphology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 283(11), P. 1390 - 1410

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

The morphology of the proboscis and associated feeding organs was studied in several nectar-feeding hawk moths, as well a specialized honey-feeder two supposedly nonfeeding species. lengths ranged from few millimeters to more than 200 mm. Despite variation length strategy, principle external internal composition galeae, stipes pump, suction pump were similar across all smooth slender is highly conserved among lineages Sphingidae. Remarkably, they share typical arrangement sensilla at tip. number styloconica are independent length. A unique found honey-feeding species Acherontia atropos. Here, distinctly pointed apex displays large subterminal opening food canal, thus characterizes novel type piercing Lepidoptera. In probably species, rudimentary galeae not interlocked lacks styloconica; galeal muscles, however, present. All demonstrate an identical anatomy stipes, regardless diet. Even Sphingidae possess apparatus, suggesting that their rudiments might still be functional. morphometric analyses indicate significant positive correlations between galea lumen volume muscle canal muscular pump. Size these functionally connected reflect morphological fine-tuning evolution function.

Language: Английский

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Morphological and genetic differences in legs of a polygamous beetle between sexes, Glenea cantor (Coleopter: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae)

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. e0297365 - e0297365

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

The legs of insects play an important role in their daily behaviour, especially reproduction. Entomologists have performed much research on the leg different behaviours beetles, group insect family, but relatively little has been done to study ultrastructure and transcriptome legs. Hence, we systematically studied gene expression G . cantor , a polygynous beetle, compared its male female diversity. In this study, found fore-leg, mid-leg hind-leg were significantly longer than those male. From perspective intuitive structural differences, also ultrastructures adhesion structure (tarsal) males females. tarsal functional adult mainly includes sensilla structure. joint include chaetica (SCh II, SCh III) trichodea (ST II). disc-shaped bristles (di), lanceolate (la), serrated (se), spatula-shaped (spl) mushroom-shaped (mus). Although there was no significant difference sensillum distribution or type between females, differences species structures mid-leg, same sex Therefore, roles various beetles. On other hand, results screened for subset olfaction- mechanics-related genes. We discovered that showed upregulation 1 odorant binding protein (OBP), 2 Olfactory receptors (ORs) Chemosensory proteins (CSPs). Meanwhile, 3 OBPs, OR, Gustatory receptor (GR) Mechanosensitive (MSPs). An in-depth examination molecular composition can elucidate function reproductive behavior Moremore, investigation will serve as cornerstone subsequent into underlying behavioral mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Ultrastructural and Descriptive Study on the Adult Body Surface of Heortia vitessoides (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 687 - 687

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Heortia vitessoides Moore, 1885 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an economically important lepidopteran pest that caused severe damage to the plantation area of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg, 1825 (Thymelaeaceae), resulting in extensive defoliation trees during epidemic. In this study, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyze external morphology and ultrastructure sensilla on various body parts H. vitessoides. Specifically, seven, four, five types were found, respectively, antennae, proboscis, labial palps, legs. We described types, distributions, sexual dimorphism these found number size differed significantly between males females. This study provides crucial information for future investigations into function

Language: Английский

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Fine Structure of the Mouthparts of Three Tomicus Beetles Co-Infecting Pinus yunnanensis in Southwestern China with Some Functional Comments

Insects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 933 - 933

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Tomicus yunnanensis, T. brevipilosus, and minor are the most economically significant pests of Pinus yunnanensis in Southwestern China. Chemical physical factors play critical roles diverse biological activities. Here, we describe fine structure adult mouthparts these three species using scanning transmission electron microscopy. We identified types mandibular shapes, which determine their biomechanical properties, ability to process food, preferred foraging locations on tree trunks. Eleven sensilla were discernible, including basiconica (Sb.1–2), twig (Stb.1–3), coeloconica (Sco), chaetica (Sch.1–2), trichoidea (Str.1–2), digitiformia (Sdi). Each basiconic sensillum occurs palpal tips is innervated by 2–6 dendrites. Sb.1 gustatory receptors, Sb.2 olfactory other have dual taste mechanical functions. Sco, Sch, Str mechanoreceptors. Sdi vibration receptions, given that they one dendrite with numerous dendritic branches into nonporous cuticle. No differences among sexes or identified; however, intraspecific variability number Stb.3 was evident. These results will aid future studies beetle behaviors.

Language: Английский

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