Alcohol
use
disorder
(AUD)
produces
cognitive
deficits
in
emotional
processing,
decision-making,
inhibitory
control,
and
working
memory,
indicating
a
shift
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC)
function.
PFC
excitatory
neurotransmission
is
mostly
mediated
by
α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic
acid-type
ionotropic
glutamate
receptors
(AMPARs);
however
preclinical
studies
have
focused
on
other
receptor
subtypes.
Therefore,
here
we
examined
the
impact
of
early
withdrawal
from
chronic
ethanol
AMPAR
function
mouse
medial
(mPFC).
Naïve,
Non-dependent
Dependent
male
C57BL/6J
mice
were
generated
using
intermittent
vapor-two
bottle
choice
(CIE-2BC)
paradigm.
We
used
patch-clamp
electrophysiology
to
measure
layer
2/3
prelimbic
mPFC
pyramidal
neurons.
Since
can
be
impacted
subunit
composition
or
plasticity-related
proteins,
probed
their
expression
levels.
had
higher
spontaneous
postsynaptic
current
(sEPSC)
amplitude
kinetics
compared
Naïve/Non-dependent
mice.
These
effects
seen
during
intoxication
after
3-8
days
withdrawal,
action
potential-independent,
suggesting
direct
enhancement
Surprisingly,
3
decreased
genes
encoding
GluA1/2
subunits
(Gria1/2)
Further
analysis
within
group
revealed
negative
correlation
between
Gria1
mRNA
levels
intake.
Finally,
synaptic
plasticity
proteins
(Dlg4
Grip1)
with
dependence.
Collectively,
these
data
establish
role
for
adaptations
glutamatergic
dysfunction
associated
Future
underlying
mechanisms
that
promote
alcohol
reinforcement,
seeking,
drinking
relapse
behavior
may
help
identify
new
targets
AUD
treatment.
JCI Insight,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(12)
Published: May 16, 2023
Growing
evidence
indicates
that
the
glucagon-like
peptide-1
(GLP-1)
system
is
involved
in
neurobiology
of
addictive
behaviors,
and
GLP-1
analogues
may
be
used
for
treatment
alcohol
use
disorder
(AUD).
Here,
we
examined
effects
semaglutide,
a
long-acting
analogue,
on
biobehavioral
correlates
rodents.
A
drinking-in-the-dark
procedure
was
to
test
semaglutide
binge-like
drinking
male
female
mice.
We
also
tested
dependence-induced
rats,
as
well
acute
spontaneous
inhibitory
postsynaptic
currents
(sIPSCs)
from
central
amygdala
(CeA)
infralimbic
cortex
(ILC)
neurons.
Semaglutide
dose-dependently
reduced
mice;
similar
effect
observed
intake
other
caloric/noncaloric
solutions.
rats.
increased
sIPSC
frequency
CeA
ILC
neurons
alcohol-naive
suggesting
enhanced
GABA
release,
but
had
no
overall
transmission
alcohol-dependent
In
conclusion,
analogue
decreased
across
different
models
species
modulated
neurotransmission,
providing
support
clinical
testing
potentially
novel
pharmacotherapy
AUD.
Neuropharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 110335 - 110335
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
The
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC)
is
an
essential
driver
of
cognitive,
affective,
and
motivational
behavior.
There
clear
evidence
that
the
neuroimmune
system
directly
influences
PFC
synapses,
in
addition
to
its
role
as
first
line
defense
against
toxins
pathogens.
In
this
review,
we
describe
core
structures
form
tetrapartite
synapse,
focusing
on
signaling
microdomain
created
by
astrocytic
cradling
synapse
well
emerging
extracellular
matrix
synaptic
organization
plasticity.
Neuroimmune
signals
(e.g.
pro-inflammatory
interleukin
1β)
can
impact
function
each
structure
within
promote
intra-synaptic
crosstalk,
will
provide
overview
recent
advances
field.
Finally,
from
post
mortem
human
brain
tissue
preclinical
studies
indicate
inflammation
may
be
a
key
contributor
dysfunction.
Therefore,
conclude
with
mechanistic
discussion
neuroimmune-mediated
maladaptive
plasticity
neuropsychiatric
disorders,
focus
alcohol
use
disorder
(AUD).
Growing
recognition
system's
critical
regulator
provides
strong
support
for
targeting
develop
new
pharmacotherapeutics.
Neurobiology of Stress,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
26, P. 100562 - 100562
Published: Aug. 3, 2023
Excessive
alcohol
use
disrupts
neuroimmune
signaling
across
various
cell
types,
including
neurons,
microglia,
and
astrocytes.
The
present
review
focuses
on
recent,
albeit
limited,
evidence
of
sex
differences
in
biological
factors
that
mediate
responses
to
underlying
systems
may
influence
drinking
behaviors.
Females
are
more
vulnerable
than
males
the
neurotoxic
negative
consequences
chronic
drinking,
reflected
by
elevations
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
inflammatory
mediators.
Differences
cytokine,
microglial,
astrocytic,
genomic,
transcriptomic
suggest
females
reactive
neuroinflammatory
changes
after
exposure.
growing
body
supports
innate
immune
modulate
synaptic
transmission,
providing
a
mechanistic
framework
examine
sex-differences
neurocircuitry.
Targeting
be
viable
strategy
for
treating
AUD,
but
research
is
needed
understand
sex-specific
mechanisms.
Neurobiology of Disease,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
190, P. 106361 - 106361
Published: Nov. 20, 2023
The
prefrontal
cortex
is
a
crucial
regulator
of
alcohol
drinking,
and
dependence,
other
behavioral
phenotypes
associated
with
AUD.
Comprehensive
identification
cell-type
specific
transcriptomic
changes
in
dependence
will
improve
our
understanding
mechanisms
underlying
the
excessive
use
refine
targets
for
therapeutic
development.
We
performed
single
nucleus
RNA
sequencing
(snRNA-seq)
Visium
spatial
gene
expression
profiling
on
medial
(mPFC)
obtained
from
C57BL/6
J
mice
exposed
to
two-bottle
choice-chronic
intermittent
ethanol
(CIE)
vapor
exposure
(2BC-CIE,
defined
as
dependent
group)
paradigm
which
models
including
escalation
drinking.
Gene
co-expression
network
analysis
differential
identified
highly
dysregulated
networks
multiple
cell
types.
Dysregulated
modules
their
hub
genes
suggest
novel
understudied
studying
molecular
contributing
state.
A
subtype
inhibitory
neurons
was
most
alcohol-sensitive
type
contained
downregulated
module;
this
module
Cpa6,
previously
by
GWAS
be
consumption.
an
astrocytic
Gpc5
significantly
upregulated
alcohol-dependent
group.
To
knowledge,
there
are
no
studies
linking
Cpa6
phenotype.
also
neuroinflammation
related
types,
specifically
enriched
microglia,
further
implicating
Here,
we
present
comprehensive
atlas
mediated
mPFC
identify
type-specific
implicated
dependence.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(15), P. 1943 - 1943
Published: July 27, 2023
Alcohol
use
disorder
(AUD)
and
anxiety
disorders
are
frequently
comorbid
share
dysregulated
neuroimmune-related
pathways.
Here,
we
used
our
established
rat
model
of
post-traumatic
stress
(PTSD)/AUD
to
characterize
the
interleukin
18
(IL-18)
system
in
central
amygdala
(CeA).
Male
female
rats
underwent
novel
(NOV)
familiar
(FAM)
shock
stress,
or
no
(unstressed
controls;
CTL)
followed
by
voluntary
alcohol
drinking
PTSD-related
behaviors,
then
all
received
renewed
access
prior
experiments.
In
situ
hybridization
revealed
that
number
CeA
positive
cells
for
Il18
mRNA
increased,
while
Il18bp
decreased
both
male
FAM
stressed
versus
CTL.
No
changes
were
observed
Il18r1
expression
across
groups.
Ex
vivo
electrophysiology
showed
IL-18
reduced
GABAA-mediated
miniature
inhibitory
postsynaptic
currents
(mIPSCs)
frequencies
CTL,
suggesting
GABA
release,
regardless
sex.
Notably,
this
presynaptic
effect
was
lost
NOV
males,
it
persisted
females.
mIPSC
amplitude
CTL
rats,
effects.
Overall,
results
suggest
with
impacts
IL-18-system
and,
sex-related
fashion,
IL-18's
modulatory
function
at
synapses.
Neurobiology of Stress,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24, P. 100542 - 100542
Published: April 28, 2023
Hyperkateifia
and
stress-induced
alcohol
cravings
drive
relapse
in
individuals
with
use
disorder
(AUD).
The
brain
stress
signal
norepinephrine
(also
known
as
noradrenaline)
tightly
controls
cognitive
affective
behavior
was
thought
to
be
broadly
dysregulated
AUD.
locus
coeruleus
(LC)
is
a
major
source
of
forebrain
norepinephrine,
it
recently
discovered
that
the
LC
sends
distinct
projections
addiction-associated
regions
suggesting
alcohol-induced
noradrenergic
changes
may
more
region-specific
than
originally
thought.
Here
we
investigated
whether
ethanol
dependence
alters
adrenergic
receptor
gene
expression
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC)
central
amgydala
(CeA),
these
mediate
impairment
negative
state
withdrawal.
We
exposed
male
C57BL/6J
mice
chronic
intermittent
vapor-2
bottle
choice
paradigm
(CIE-2BC)
induce
dependence,
assessed
reference
memory,
anxiety-like
transcript
levels
during
3-6
days
Dependence
bidirectionally
altered
mouse
α1
β
mRNA
levels,
potentially
leading
reduced
mPFC
signaling
enhanced
influence
over
CeA.
These
were
accompanied
by
long-term
retention
deficits
shift
search
strategy
modified
Barnes
maze
task,
well
greater
spontaneous
digging
hyponeophagia.
Current
clinical
studies
are
evaluating
compounds
treatment
for
AUD-associated
hyperkatefia,
our
findings
can
contribute
refinement
therapies
increasing
understanding
specific
neural
systems
symptoms
targeted.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Oct. 14, 2024
Alcohol
use
disorder
has
been
associated
with
the
development
of
neurodegenerative
diseases,
including
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
However,
recent
studies
demonstrate
that
moderate
alcohol
consumption
may
be
protective
against
dementia
and
cognitive
decline.
We
examined
astrocyte
function,
low-density
lipoprotein
(LDL)
receptor-related
protein
1
(LRP1),
NF-κB
p65
IKK-α/β
signaling
pathways
in
modulating
neuroinflammation
amyloid
beta
(Aβ)
deposition.
assessed
apolipoprotein
E
(ApoE)
brain
APP/PS1
mice
using
IHC
ELISA
response
to
low
ethanol
exposure
(MEE).
First,
confirm
intracerebral
distribution
ApoE,
we
co-stained
GFAP,
a
marker
for
astrocytes
biosynthesize
ApoE.
sought
investigate
whether
ethanol-induced
upregulation
LRP1
could
potentially
inhibit
activity
IL-1β
TNF-α
induced
towards
p65,
resulting
reduction
pro-inflammatory
cytokines.
To
evaluate
actual
Aβ
load
brains
mice,
performed
specific
antibody
(Thioflavin
S)
on
both
air-
ethanol-exposed
groups,
subsequently
analyzing
levels.
also
measured
glucose
uptake
18F-
fluorodeoxyglucose
(FDG)-positron
emission
tomography
(PET).
Finally,
investigated
MEE
memory
changes
Y
maze,
noble
object
recognition
test,
Morris
water
maze.
Our
findings
reduced
astrocytic
glial
fibrillary
acidic
(GFAP)
ApoE
levels
cortex
hippocampus
presymptomatic
mice.
Interestingly,
increased
expression
was
accompanied
by
dampening
IKK-α/β-NF-κB
pathway,
decreased
male
Notably,
female
show
anti-inflammatory
cytokines
IL-4,
IL-10
without
altering
concentrations.
In
males
females,
plaques,
hallmark
AD,
were
exposed
starting
at
pre-symptomatic
stage.
Consistently,
FDG-PET-based
activities
normalized
deficits
suggest
benefit
AD
pathology
via
expression,
reducing
attenuating
study
implies
astrocyte-derived
LDL
cholesterol
are
critical
pathology.