Drug Design Development and Therapy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 15, P. 1819 - 1833
Published: May 1, 2021
Abstract:
COVID-19
has
caused
a
major
global
health
crisis,
as
excessive
inflammation,
oxidation,
and
exaggerated
immune
response
in
some
sufferers
can
lead
to
condition
known
cytokine
storm,
which
may
progress
acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome
(ARDs),
be
fatal.
So
far,
few
effective
drugs
have
emerged
assist
the
treatment
of
patients
with
COVID-19,
though
herbal
medicine
candidates
fight
against
deaths.
Thymoquinone
(TQ),
main
active
ingredient
black
seed
oil,
possesses
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
antiviral,
antimicrobial,
immunomodulatory
anticoagulant
activities.
TQ
also
increases
activity
number
suppressors,
lymphocytes,
natural
killer
cells,
macrophages,
it
demonstrated
antiviral
potential
viruses,
including
murine
cytomegalovirus,
Epstein-Barr
virus,
hepatitis
C
human
immunodeficiency
other
coronaviruses.
Recently,
notable
SARSCoV-2
strain
isolated
from
Egyptian
and,
interestingly,
molecular
docking
studies
shown
that
could
potentially
inhibit
development
through
binding
receptor-binding
domain
on
spike
envelope
proteins
SARS-CoV-2,
hinder
virus
entry
into
host
cell
its
ion
channel
pore
forming
activity.
Other
an
inhibitory
effect
SARS
CoV2
proteases,
diminish
viral
replication,
good
antagonism
angiotensin-converting
enzyme
2
receptors,
allowing
interfere
uptake
cell.
Several
noted
protective
capability
numerous
chronic
diseases
conditions,
diabetes,
hypertension,
dyslipidemia,
asthma,
renal
dysfunction
malignancy.
recently
been
tested
clinical
trials
for
several
different
diseases,
this
review
thus
aims
highlight
therapeutic
effects
context
pandemic.
Keywords:
thymoquinone,
natural,
benefits
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Aug. 23, 2021
Glucagon
like
peptide-1
(GLP-1)
is
an
incretin
secretory
molecule.
GLP-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RAs)
are
widely
used
in
the
treatment
of
type
2
diabetes
(T2DM)
due
to
their
attributes
such
as
body
weight
loss,
protection
islet
β
cells,
promotion
cell
proliferation
and
minimal
side
effects.
Studies
have
found
that
GLP-1R
distributed
on
pancreatic
other
tissues
has
multiple
biological
effects,
reducing
neuroinflammation,
promoting
nerve
growth,
improving
heart
function,
suppressing
appetite,
delaying
gastric
emptying,
regulating
blood
lipid
metabolism
fat
deposition.
Moreover,
GLP-1RAs
neuroprotective,
anti-infectious,
cardiovascular
protective,
metabolic
regulatory
exhibiting
good
application
prospects.
Growing
attention
been
paid
relationship
between
tumorigenesis,
development
prognosis
patient
with
T2DM.
Here,
we
reviewed
therapeutic
effects
possible
mechanisms
action
nervous,
cardiovascular,
endocrine
systems
correlation
metabolism,
tumours
diseases.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(6), P. 2790 - 2807
Published: Jan. 11, 2022
Cyclooxygenases
play
a
vital
role
in
inflammation
and
are
responsible
for
the
production
of
prostaglandins.
Two
cyclooxygenases
described,
constitutive
cyclooxygenase-1
inducible
cyclooxygenase-2,
which
target
inhibitors
non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory
drugs
(NSAIDs).
Prostaglandins
class
lipid
compounds
that
mediate
acute
chronic
inflammation.
NSAIDs
most
frequent
choices
treatment
Nevertheless,
currently
used
have
become
associated
with
variety
adverse
effects
lead
to
diminished
output
even
market
withdrawal.
Recently,
more
studies
been
carried
out
on
searching
novel
selective
COX-2
safety
profiles.
In
this
review,
we
highlight
various
structural
classes
organic
natural
scaffolds
efficient
inhibitory
activity
reported
during
2011–2021.
It
will
be
valuable
pharmaceutical
scientists
read
up
current
chemicals
pave
way
subsequent
research.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: July 18, 2022
Drug
resistance
represents
a
major
obstacle
in
cancer
management,
and
the
mechanisms
underlying
stress
adaptation
of
cells
response
to
therapy-induced
hostile
environment
are
largely
unknown.
As
central
organelle
for
cellular
energy
supply,
mitochondria
can
rapidly
undergo
dynamic
changes
integrate
signaling
pathways
provide
bioenergetic
biosynthetic
flexibility
cells,
which
contributes
multiple
aspects
tumor
characteristics,
including
drug
resistance.
Therefore,
targeting
therapy
overcoming
has
attracted
increasing
attention
various
types
cancer.
Multiple
mitochondrial
processes,
dynamics,
metabolism,
apoptotic
regulatory
machinery,
have
been
demonstrated
be
potential
targets.
However,
recent
insights
into
revealed
complexity
structure
functions,
elusive
functions
biology,
inaccessibility
mitochondria,
posed
challenges
clinical
application
mitochondrial-based
therapeutic
strategies.
discovery
both
novel
mitochondria-targeting
agents
innovative
approaches
is
urgently
required.
Here,
we
review
most
literature
summarize
molecular
their
intricate
connection
with
In
addition,
an
overview
emerging
strategies
target
effectively
chemoresistance
highlighted,
emphasis
on
repositioning
delivery
approaches,
may
accelerate
compounds
therapy.
Journal of Proteome Research,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
20(6), P. 3315 - 3329
Published: May 19, 2021
We
present
a
multivariate
metabotyping
approach
to
assess
the
functional
recovery
of
nonhospitalized
COVID-19
patients
and
possible
biochemical
sequelae
"Post-Acute
Syndrome",
colloquially
known
as
long-COVID.
Blood
samples
were
taken
from
ca.
3
months
after
acute
infection
with
further
assessment
symptoms
at
6
months.
Some
57%
had
one
or
more
persistent
including
respiratory-related
like
cough,
dyspnea,
rhinorrhea
other
nonrespiratory
chronic
fatigue,
anosmia,
myalgia,
joint
pain.
Plasma
quantitatively
analyzed
for
lipoproteins,
glycoproteins,
amino
acids,
biogenic
amines,
tryptophan
pathway
intermediates
using
Nuclear
Magnetic
Resonance
(NMR)
spectroscopy
mass
spectrometry.
Metabolic
data
follow-up
(n
=
27)
compared
controls
41)
hospitalized
severe
respiratory
syndrome
SARS-CoV-2
positive
18,
multiple
time-points).
Univariate
statistics
revealed
variable
patterns
many
exhibiting
residual
biomarker
signatures.
Several
parameters
persistently
perturbed,
e.g.,
elevated
taurine
(p
3.6
×
10-3
versus
controls)
reduced
glutamine/glutamate
ratio
6.95
10-8
controls),
indicative
liver
muscle
damage
high
energy
demand
linked
generalized
tissue
repair
immune
function.
showed
near-complete
normalization,
plasma
apolipoprotein
B100/A1
was
similar
that
healthy
but
significantly
lower
4.2
10-3)
than
post-acute
patients,
reflecting
partial
reversion
metabolic
phenotype
(phenoreversion)
toward
state.
neopterin
normalized
in
all
reduction
adaptive
activity
has
been
previously
detected
active
infection.
Other
systemic
inflammatory
biomarkers
such
GlycA
kynurenine/tryptophan
remained
some,
not
all,
patients.
Correlation
analysis,
principal
component
analysis
(PCA),
orthogonal-partial
least-squares
discriminant
(O-PLS-DA)
were,
group,
metabolically
distinct
partially
comapped
acute-phase
Significant
systematic
differences
between
asymptomatic
symptomatic
also
observed
metabolites.
The
overall
variance
greater
nonsymptomatic
(χ2p
0.014).
Thus,
those
Syndrome
displayed
spectrum
pathophysiology,
suggesting
phenotyping
may
be
deployed
multisystem
individual
Cureus,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 3, 2023
Non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory
drugs
(NSAIDs)
are
commonly
used
for
their
anti-inflammatory,
antipyretic,
and
analgesic
properties.
However,
use
is
often
associated
with
gastrointestinal
tract
(GIT)
side
effects
due
to
the
inhibition
of
both
cyclooxygenase
(COX)-1
COX-2
enzymes,
leading
a
decrease
in
gastroprotective
prostaglandins
(PG).
To
minimize
these
adverse
effects,
various
approaches
have
been
explored,
including
selective
inhibitors,
NO-NSAIDs
(nitric
oxide-releasing
NSAIDs),
dual
COX/LOX
(lipoxygenase)
NSAIDs.
NSAIDs
on
GIT
efficacy
remains
uncertain.
This
review
aims
provide
an
overview
current
understanding
traditional
GIT.
We
discuss
underlying
mechanisms
damage
caused
by
NSAIDs,
mucosal
injury,
ulceration,
bleeding,
potential
mitigate
effects.
also
summarize
recent
studies
safety
highlight
limitations
challenges
approaches.
The
concludes
recommendations
future
research
this
field.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
26(4)
Published: Aug. 25, 2023
Knee
osteoarthritis
(KOA)
is
a
common
chronic
articular
disease
worldwide.
It
also
the
most
form
of
OA
and
characterized
by
high
morbidity
disability
rates.
With
gradual
increase
in
life
expectancy
ageing
population,
KOA
not
only
affects
quality
patients,
but
poses
burden
on
global
public
health.
unknown
etiology
complex
pathogenesis.
commonly
joints
subjected
to
greater
loads
higher
levels
activity.
The
knee
joint,
which
joint
human
body
bears
greatest
load
among
all
joints,
therefore
susceptible
development
OA.
lesions
may
involve
cartilage,
synovium,
capsule
periarticular
muscles,
causing
irreversible
damage.
Factors
such
as
mechanical
overload,
inflammation,
metabolism,
hormonal
changes
serve
key
roles
acceleration
progression.
clinical
diagnosis
primarily
based
combined
analysis
symptoms,
signs,
imaging
laboratory
examination
results.
At
present,
there
no
cure
for
currently
available
therapies
focus
symptomatic
treatment
delay
replacement
surgery
typically
performed
patients
with
advanced
disease.
current
study
presents
review
epidemiological
characteristics,
risk
factors,
histopathological
manifestations,
pathogenesis,
diagnosis,
modalities
progress
research.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: March 9, 2023
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
a
tremendous
development
of
biotechnological,
pharmacological,
and
medical
techniques
which
can
be
implemented
in
the
functional
modulation
immune
system
components.
Immunomodulation
attracted
much
attention
because
it
offers
direct
applications
both
basic
research
clinical
therapy.
Modulation
non-adequate,
amplified
response
enables
to
attenuate
course
disease
restore
homeostasis.
The
potential
targets
modulate
immunity
are
as
multiple
components
system,
thus
creating
various
possibilities
for
intervention.
However,
immunomodulation
faces
new
challenges
design
safer
more
efficacious
therapeutic
compounds.
This
review
cross-sectional
picture
currently
used
newest
pharmacological
interventions,
genomic
editing,
tools
regenerative
medicine
involving
immunomodulation.
We
reviewed
available
experimental
evidence
prove
efficiency,
safety,
feasibility
vitro
vivo.
also
advantages
limitations
described
techniques.
Despite
its
limitations,
is
considered
therapy
itself
or
an
adjunct
with
promising
results
developing
potential.
