Pre-treated Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A New Perspective for Accelerating Spinal Cord Injury Repair

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 992, P. 177349 - 177349

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event for the central nervous system (CNS), often resulting in loss of sensory and motor functions. It profoundly affects both physiological psychological well-being patients, reducing their quality life while also imposing significant economic pressure on families healthcare system. Due to complex pathophysiology SCI, effective treatments promoting recovery remain scarce. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) offer advantages such as low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, ability cross blood-spinal barrier (BSCB). In preclinical studies, they have progressively shown efficacy SCI repair functional recovery. However, yield insufficient targeting MSC-Exos limit therapeutic efficacy. Currently, genetic engineering other preprocessing techniques are being employed optimize properties exosomes, thereby enhancing potential. Therefore, this paper provides an overview biogenesis exosomes. summarizes current approaches optimizing exosome performance. Additionally, it details mechanisms through which optimized provide neuroprotection explores potential combined involving hydrogels.

Language: Английский

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Bioprinted Hydrogels as Vehicles for the Application of Extracellular Vesicles in Regenerative Medicine

Gels, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 191 - 191

Published: March 8, 2025

Three-dimensional bioprinting is a new advance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Bioprinting allows manufacturing three-dimensional (3D) structures that mimic tissues or organs. The bioinks used are mainly made of natural synthetic polymers must be biocompatible, printable, biodegradable. These may incorporate progenitor cells, favoring graft implantation regeneration injured tissues. However, the natures biomaterials, processes, lack vascularization, immune responses factors limit viability functionality implanted cells damaged limitations can addressed by incorporating extracellular vesicles (EV) into bioinks. Indeed, EV from have capacities, being similar to those their source cells. Therefore, combinations with biomaterials cell-free therapies. Likewise, they complement manufacture increasing viability, differentiation, ability incorporated Thus, main objective this review show how use 3D technology for application medicine these nanovesicles hydrogels as To end, latest advances derived vitro vivo studies been described. Together, high therapeutic potential strategy

Language: Английский

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3D bioprinted alginate/gelatin hydrogel: concentration modulated properties toward scar-minimized wound healing

Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 22

Published: April 16, 2025

The critical shortage of transplantable skin remains a leading cause mortality in patients with severe injuries, driving the demand for advanced 3D-bioprinted constructs. While hydrogel-based bioinks are pivotal tissue engineering, existing systems often fail to simultaneously address biomechanical compatibility, scar suppression, and cell viability. Here, we propose rationally designed sodium alginate/gelatin (SA/Gel) hydrogel platform through composition-property-performance correlation analysis. Systematic characterization revealed that increasing gelatin content (8-12 wt%) enhanced viscosity (by 2.5-fold), compressive modulus (25.6 ± 2.7 kPa 37.9 3.5 kPa), tensile fracture elongation (57.9 4.2% 92.1 1.3%), print fidelity, while reducing degradation ratio (62.8 2.9% 26.4 2.4% at day 14) pore size (128.5 16.6 μm 79.4 19.7 μm). optimized A4G10 formulation exhibited synergistic advantages: (1) dynamic swelling (36.3 0.8%) balanced nutrient permeation structural stability; (2) tunable (47.2% matched neo-tissue formation; (3) anisotropic mechanical properties (compressive 32.2 4.1 kPa, 31.7 3.9 kPa) mimicked native mechanics; (4) sub-100 porous architecture (102.9 12.4 μm) effectively suppressed fibroblast over--proliferation. Remarkably, SA/Gel scaffolds maintained 98% viability (Live/Dead assay) vitro, suppressing fibrotic formation facilitating angiogenesis vivo. This multi-functional system demonstrates unprecedented potential as scar--inhibiting bioink clinical-grade regeneration.

Language: Английский

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Injectable dual-network hydrogel for phototherapy and immunomodulation in the treatment of MRSA-infected and diabetic wound

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 163026 - 163026

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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