Springer eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 387 - 393
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Language: Английский
Paleobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 14
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Abstract Mass extinctions are natural experiments on the short- and long-term consequences of pushing biotas past breaking points, often with lasting effects structure function biodiversity. General properties mass extinctions—exceptionally severe, taxonomically broad, global losses taxa—are starting to come into focus through comparisons among dimensions biodiversity, including morphological, functional, phylogenetic diversity. Notably, functional diversity tends persist despite severe taxonomic diversity, whereas taxic morphological may or not be coupled. One biggest challenges in synthesizing extracting general these events has been that they driven by multiple, interacting pressures, taxa their traits vary events, making it difficult link single stressors specific traits. Ongoing improvements stratigraphic resolution for multiple clades will sharpen tests selectivity help isolate hitchhiking effects, whereby organismal carried differential survival extinction owing other higher-level attributes, such as geographic-range size. Direct comparative analyses across also clarify impacts particular drivers taxa, traits, morphologies. It is just filter deserves attention, longer-term impact derives part from ensuing rebounds. More work needed uncover biotic abiotic circumstances spur some re-diversification while relegating others marginal shares Combined insights filters rebounds bring a macroevolutionary view approaching biodiversity crisis Anthropocene, helping pinpoint clades, groups, morphologies most vulnerable failed
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Plant Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 224(9), P. 765 - 775
Published: March 4, 2023
Abstract The Mediterranean Basin is one of the World’s plant diversity hotspots and a region prone to several anthropic pressures, besides being areas most susceptible climate change. In this region, which hosts high percentage threatened species, there has been large increase in practical conservation actions prevent extinction many plants or improve their status. framework, translocations have become increasingly important. To obtain picture status depict possible directions, data on was collected through available databases, national experts, grey literature online. Overall, list 836 relating 572 species found. These are mainly concentrated Spain, France, Italy (c. 87%) and, except for some pioneering actions, strongly increased starting from 2010. A subsequent in-depth bibliographic search scientific databases conducted determine how much information about documented literature. This resulted 133 peer-reviewed papers, only 17 describing more as whole, reporting 101 experiences carried out 56 species. Our research highlighted great discrepancy between scarce documentation comparison number out. experience gained these constitutes an enormous heritage potentially implement necessary preserve Basin.
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1881)
Published: May 29, 2023
This issue addresses the multifaceted problems of understanding biodiversity change to meet emerging international development and conservation goals, national economic accounting diverse community needs. Recent agreements highlight need establish monitoring assessment programmes at regional levels. We identify an opportunity for research develop methods robust detection attribution that will contribute assessments guide action. The 16 contributions this address six major aspects assessment: connecting policy science, establishing observation, improving statistical estimation, detecting change, attributing causes projecting future. These studies are led by experts in Indigenous studies, economics, ecology, conservation, statistics, computer with representations from Asia, Africa, South America, North America Europe. results place science context needs provide updated roadmap how observe a way supports action via science. article is part theme ‘Detecting change: needs, gaps solutions’
Language: Английский
Citations
15
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 4, 2019
ABSTRACT The uneven distributions of species over geography (e.g., tropical versus temperate regions) and phylogeny rodents bats the aardvark) are prominent biological patterns for which causal interconnections remain enigmatic. Here we investigate this central issue living mammals using time-sliced clades sampled from a comprehensive recent ( N =5,911 species, ∼70% with DNA) to assess how different levels unsampled extinction impact inferred causes richness variation. Speciation rates found strongly exceed crown age as predictor clade at every time slice, rejecting clock-like model in oldest most speciose. Instead, that low-vagility or daytime-active show fastest speciation greatest extant richness. This suggests primary roles dispersal limitation leading geographic (peripatric isolation) diurnal adaptations ecological (time partitioning). Rates also faster than lineages, but only among older clades, consistent idea many lineages ephemeral. These insights, enabled by our analytical framework, offer straightforward support effects on speciation-rate variation cause phylogenetic patterns.
Language: Английский
Citations
24
Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 54(1), P. 259 - 282
Published: Aug. 8, 2023
Terrestrial ecosystems encompass a vast and vital component of Earth's biodiversity ecosystem services. The effect increased anthropogenic dominance on terrestrial communities defines major challenges for conservation, including habitat destruction fragmentation, climate change, species invasions extinctions, disease spread. Here, we integrate fossil, historical, present-day organismal ecological data to investigate how conservation paleobiology provides deep-time perspectives organisms, populations, communities, impacted by processes. We relate research tools outputs highlight gaps that currently limit from reaching its full impact practice management. In doing so, also the colonial legacies biology confound our understanding biodiversity, processes, outlooks, make recommendations more inclusive ethical practices moving forward.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Evolutionary Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Abstract Many of the most dramatic patterns in biological diversity are created by “Perfect Storms” —rare combinations mutually reinforcing factors that push origination, extinction, or accommodation to extremes. These include strongest diversification events (e.g. Cambrian Explosion animal body plans), proliferation hyperdiverse clades insects, angiosperms), richest biodiversity hotspots New World Tropical Montane regions and ocean's greatest pump, tropical West Pacific), severe extinction Big Five mass extinctions Phanerozoic). Human impacts on modern biota also a Perfect Storm, both mitigation restoration strategies should be framed accordingly, drawing biodiversity's responses multi-driver processes geologic past. This approach necessarily weighs contributing factors, identifying their often non-linear time-dependent interactions, instead searching for unitary causes.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Journal for Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 126603 - 126603
Published: March 19, 2024
Rare endemic plant species are very susceptible to anthropogenic threats and natural changes, thereby facing a high risk of extinction. The Mediterranean Basin supports rich flora with percentages species. An iconic case narrow taxon is represented by Onobrychis conferta subsp. (Desf.) Desv. (Fabaceae). Management this requires better information on its habitat requirements population status. Field surveys historical records were used characterize the distribution O. in Tunisia. Habitats characterized using topography, soils, climate, land cover variables. Expeditions ten previously reported sites revealed presence only one previous recorded localities and, for first time, two new localities. We sharp decreasing trend total number plants per all locations over 6-year period. Our findings showed that current status Tunisia Critically Endangered (CR). faces an extremely extinction wild. Therefore, prompt comprehensive conservation actions needed ensure survival. propose recovery recommendations including situ ex actions. In aimed at minimizing effects identified create populations habitat. Ex include environmental education campaign seed preservation.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 298, P. 110757 - 110757
Published: Aug. 19, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
1
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 16, 2023
Abstract The Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction event (K-Pg) witnessed up to 75% of animal species going extinct, most notably among these are the non-avian dinosaurs. A major question in macroevolution is whether this influenced rise flowering plants (angiosperms). fossil record suggests that K-Pg had a minor impact on rates angiosperm lineages, yet diversification extant angiosperms was delayed and started after boundary. However, phylogenetic evidence for dynamics remains unexplored. Through analyses two mega-phylogenies containing ~32,000–74,000 species, here we show relatively constant throughout geological time no at Despite uncertainty earliest branching times, their staggering diversity, complex evolutionary dynamics, our preliminary provide congruent results with support macroevolutionary resilience extinction.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Taxon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 5, 2024
Abstract Ajaniopsis is a monotypic genus of Asteraceae endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, growing on alpine scree slopes. It has been widely recognized as separate and employed in many evolutionary ecological analyses for its unique morphological characters. Despite being treated an endangered species once included lists key protected plant species, systematic position never critically evaluated phylogenetic context. Furthermore, neither past nor future distributional range assessed or predicted. In this study, we undertook molecular investigations elucidate systematics, niche modeling evaluate historical, current, potential range. Our analyses, based plastid genome two nuclear DNA regions, show that deeply nested mega‐diverse Artemisia . Morphological analysis indicates characters are also present distantly related , implying significant convergent evolution. Consequently, can be reduced into rather than considered distinct genus. Niche reveals underwent dramatic contraction ca. 3.3 Ma likely continue shrinking future. This might associated with climate changes human activities habitat. Therefore, immediate situ conservation imperative necessitating establishment nature reserve Plateau. studies highlight it beneficial explore history detail when drafting strategies.
Language: Английский
Citations
0