The Endophytic Strain Trichoderma asperellum 6S-2: An Efficient Biocontrol Agent against Apple Replant Disease in China and a Potential Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungus

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(12), P. 1050 - 1050

Published: Dec. 8, 2021

A study was conducted for endophytic antagonistic fungi obtained from the roots of healthy apple trees growing in nine replanted orchards Shandong Province, China. The were assessed their ability to inhibit Fusarium proliferatum f. sp. malus domestica MR5, a fungal strain associated with replant disease (ARD). An effective endophyte, designated as 6S-2, isolated and identified Trichoderma asperellum. Strain 6S-2 demonstrated protease, amylase, cellulase, laccase activities, which are important parasitic functions pathogenic fungi. inhibition rate against MR5 52.41%. also secreted iron carriers, auxin, ammonia able solubilize phosphorus. Its fermentation extract volatile substances inhibited growth causing its hyphae twist, shrink, swell, rupture. antifungal activity increased increasing concentrations. It promoted production elongation Arabidopsis thaliana lateral roots, strongest effects seen at concentration 50 mg/mL. GC-MS analysis showed that they comprised mainly alkanes, alcohols, furanones, well specific substance 6-PP. application spore suspension orchard soils reduced plant oxidative damage pot experiment. Therefore, T. asperellum has potential serve an biocontrol fungus prevention ARD China, appears promote growth.

Language: Английский

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Growth-Promoting and Protective Effect of Trichoderma atrobrunneum and T. simmonsii on Tomato against Soil-Borne Fungal Pathogens

Crops, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 202 - 217

Published: June 29, 2022

Trichoderma fungi are promising candidates for biocontrol agents and plant growth promoters. atrobrunneum T. simmonsii were evaluated the control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi, in present study. Dual culture tests with Rhizoctonia solani Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici used to conduct vitro evaluation. In presence Trichoderma, phytopathogen’s rate was inhibited up 59.70% R. 42.57% F. oxysporum. Greenhouse trials potted tomato plants demonstrated that caused a significant increase stem height fresh weight pathogen-inoculated plants, compared negative (plants artificially inoculated phytopathogen only). Except simmonsii, not significantly enhanced by positive (healthy plants). The overall performance two species studied equivalent harzianum T22 commercial strain. All tested found be effective suppressing colony disease development soil borne pathogens dual cultures indicating they could as agents. Our findings discussed context enhancing endophytic microorganisms’ application crop production systems.

Language: Английский

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The Endophyte Trichoderma asperellum M2RT4 Induces the Systemic Release of Methyl Salicylate and (Z)-jasmone in Tomato Plant Affecting Host Location and Herbivory of Tuta absoluta

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 5, 2022

The use of endophytic fungi has dramatically increased plant performance through the enhancement protection against abiotic and biotic stressors. We previously demonstrated that fungus Trichoderma asperellum M2RT4 improves tomato defenses leafminer Tuta absoluta reduction oviposition, leafmining, pupation, adult emergence. However, underlying mechanism by which presence this within host affects T. selection life-history traits is unknown. tested behavioral responses in Y-tube olfactometer bioassays found females preferred non-inoculated plants those inoculated endophytes. Additionally, were not attracted to infested nor inoculated-infested plants. Chemical analysis revealed emission methyl salicylate an increase amounts monoterpenes emitted from we upon herbivory, modulates chemistry production (Z)-jasmone thus activating both salicylic jasmonic acid defense pathways. Further, monoterpernes including α-pinene, 2-carene, β-phellandrene but repelled salicylate. Methyl could therefore be considered as a good semiochemical-based candidate for sustainable management using "push-pull" approach. dose-response bioassays, did show any preference four component-blend (α-pinene, β-phellandrene, salicylate). (Z)-jasmone-treated leaflets significantly reduced leafmining activity pest at concentration 10 ng/μL causing highest larval mortality rate (83%) with shortest LT50 (1.73 days) 7 days post-treatment. effect on herbivore was then (Z)-jasmone-mediated. These findings expand our understanding how mediate chemical interactions between its are potentially important development environmentally friendly programs.

Language: Английский

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Trichoderma spp. Improves Flowering, Quality, and Nutritional Status of Ornamental Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(24), P. 15662 - 15662

Published: Dec. 10, 2022

Scientists all over the world conduct research to determine influence of Trichoderma spp. on various groups plants, mostly crops. However, there is little information these fungi ornamental plants. Therefore, authors this study analyzed growth, flowering, quality, and nutritional status The showed that in group plants stimulate elongation thickening shoots formation leaves. These also or inhibit leaf elongation. They accelerate flowering inflorescence inflorescences, development flowers. Apart from that, positively content chlorophyll carotenoids leaves, they uptake micro- macroelements.

Language: Английский

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First study on the root endophytic fungus Trichoderma hamatum as an entomopathogen: Development of a fungal bioinsecticide against cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis)

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 270, P. 127334 - 127334

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Cotton leaf worm (Spodoptera littoralis) is a pest that produces important losses in horticultural and ornamental crops greenhouse, being classified as quarantine A2 by EPPO. One of the strategies proposed to control agricultural pests health environmentally friendly way biological with entomopathogenic fungi. The genus filamentous fungi Trichoderma includes different species direct (infection, antibiosis, anti-feeding, etc.) indirect (systemic activation plant defenses) insecticidal capacity, however, T. hamatum has never been described previously entomopathogenic. In this work, capacity on S. littoralis L3 larvae was analyzed applying spores fungal filtrates (topically orally). Infection compared commercial fungus Beauveria bassiana, obtaining similar results respect production larval mortality. Oral application reported high mortality colonization larvae, did not show chitinase activity when grown presence tissues. Therefore, infection through natural openings such mouth, anus or spiracles. With filtrates, only those obtained from liquid culture contact tissues significant reduction growth. Metabolomic analysis determined filtrate presented siderophore rhizoferrin large quantities, which could be responsible for activity. However, had its unknown. conclusion, presents against both ways basis development efficient bioinsecticides pest.

Language: Английский

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