Osteochondral organoids: current advances, applications, and upcoming challenges

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: June 21, 2024

Abstract In the realm of studying joint-related diseases, there is a continuous quest for more accurate and representative models. Recently, regenerative medicine tissue engineering have seen growing interest in utilizing organoids as powerful tools complex biological systems vitro. Organoids, three-dimensional structures replicating architecture function organs, provide unique platform investigating disease mechanisms, drug responses, regeneration. The surge organoid research fueled by need physiologically relevant models to bridge gap between traditional cell cultures vivo studies. Osteochondral emerged promising avenue this pursuit, offering better mimic intricate interactions within bone cartilage. This review explores significance osteochondral their development advancing our understanding treatment cartilage-related diseases. It summarizes organoids’ insights progress, focusing on composition, materials, sources, cultivation methods, well concept chips application scenarios. Additionally, we address limitations challenges these face, emphasizing necessity further overcome obstacles facilitate orthopedic

Language: Английский

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Advance in the application of organoids in bone diseases

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis have become important human health problems, requiring a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis related development more effective treatments. organoids are three-dimensional tissue masses that useful for drug screening, regenerative medicine, disease modeling because they may mimic structure physiological activities organs. Here, we describe various potential methods culturing bone-related from different stem cells, detailing construction processes highlighting main applications these bone organoid models. The application in skeletal is highlighted, current promising screening medicine well latest technological advancements discussed, while future discussed. Looking forward, it will provide reference constructing with complete structures functions applying them to biomedical research.

Language: Английский

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Osteochondral regenerative engineering: challenges, state-of-the-art and translational perspectives

Regenerative Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Abstract Despite quantum leaps, the biomimetic regeneration of cartilage and osteochondral remains a major challenge, owing to complex hierarchical nature compositional, structural functional properties. In this review, an account prevailing challenges in biomimicking gradients porous microstructure, cells extracellular matrix (ECM) orientation is presented. Further, spatial arrangement cues inducing vascularization subchondral bone region while maintaining avascular adjacent layer highlighted. With rapid advancement biomaterials science, biofabrication tools strategies, state-of-the-art since last decade has expansively elaborated. This includes conventional additive manufacturing synthetic/natural/ECM-based biomaterials, tissue-specific/mesenchymal/progenitor cells, growth factors and/or signaling biomolecules. Beyond laboratory-based research development, underlying translational are also provided dedicated section. A new generation biomaterial-based acellular scaffold systems with uncompromised biocompatibility regenerative capability necessary bridge clinical demand commercial supply. Encompassing basic elements research, review believed serve as standalone guide for early career researchers, expanding horizon improve quality life osteoarthritic patients affordably.

Language: Английский

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Temporal Enzymatic Treatment to Enhance the Remodeling of Multiple Cartilage Microtissues into a Structurally Organized Tissue

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3)

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Scaffold-free tissue engineering aims to recapitulate key aspects of normal developmental processes generate biomimetic grafts. Although functional cartilaginous tissues are engineered using such approaches, considerable challenges remain. Herein, the benefits cartilage via fusion multiple microtissues compared (millions of) individual cells a graft demonstrated. Key advantages include generation richer extracellular matrix, more hyaline-like phenotype, and superior shape fidelity. A major drawback aggregate is that do not completely (re)model remnants their initial architectures remain throughout macrotissue. To address this, temporal enzymatic (chondroitinase-ABC) treatment implemented accelerate structural (re)modeling shown support robust between adjacent microtissues, enhance microtissue (re)modeling, enable development with zonally organized collagen network. Additionally, modulate matrix composition, lesser extent, mechanics. This work demonstrates self-organization an effective method for scaled-up grafts predefined geometry near-native levels accumulation. Importantly, limitations associated biological building blocks can be alleviated by during development.

Language: Английский

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Microfluidic device for enhancement and analysis of osteoblast differentiation in three-dimensional cell cultures

Journal of Biological Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures are to date the gold standard in biomedical research fields due their enhanced biological functions compared conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures. 3D spheroids, as well organoids, better suited replicate tissue functions, which enables use both vitro models for basic and toxicology, building blocks used tissue/organ biofabrication approaches. Culturing spheroids from bone-derived cells is an emerging technology disease modelling drug screening applications. Bone mainly limited by implementation of sophisticated devices procedures that can foster a tissue-specific microenvironment along with dynamic cultivation regime. In this study, we consequently developed, optimized characterized advanced perfused microfluidic platform improve reliability bone enhance aspects maturation vitro. Moreover, biomechanical stimulation generated fluid flow inside arrayed chamber, was mimic more environment emulating highly vascularized expected osteogenic developed multifunctional spheroid-array platform. The culture protocols our murine bone-on-a-chip spheroid model exhibited increased mineralization viability static conditions. As proof-of-concept, successfully confirmed on beneficial effects osteogenesis analysis produced primary human pre-osteoblasts. To conclude, newly system represents powerful tool studying patho/physiology under relevant conditions converging advantages platforms multi-spheroid array technologies.

Language: Английский

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