Microbiome and tryptophan metabolomics analysis in adolescent depression: roles of the gut microbiota in the regulation of tryptophan-derived neurotransmitters and behaviors in human and mice

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: June 30, 2023

Abstract Background Adolescent depression is becoming one of the major public health concerns, because its increased prevalence and risk significant functional impairment suicidality. Clinical commonly emerges in adolescence; therefore, prevention intervention at this stage crucial. Recent evidence supports importance gut microbiota (GM) modulation multiple functions associated with through gut-brain axis (GBA). However, underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Therefore, current study, we aimed to screen out from healthy depressive adolescents, delineate association targeted adolescent depression, address salutary effects on anti-depressive behaviors mice involving metabolism tryptophan (Trp)-derived neurotransmitters along GBA. Results Here, found volunteers, first diagnosis patients sertraline interveners after displayed difference, relative abundance Faecalibacterium , Roseburia Collinsella Blautia Phascolarctobacterium Lachnospiraceae-unclassified decreased patients, while restored treatment. Of note, exhibited a high efficiency predicting depression. Intriguingly, transplantation fecal volunteers chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced depressed significantly ameliorated mouse behaviors, which exerted critical roles, since effective colonization colon resulted remarkably 5-HT level reciprocally kynurenine (Kyn) toxic metabolites quinolinic acid (Quin) 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) levels both brain colon. The specific roles were further validated by target bacteria model, intestinalis ( Ri .) was gavaged importantly, it dramatically CRS-induced via promoting hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) or -1 (TPH1) expression. Reciprocally, Ri. markedly restrained limit-step enzyme responsible for (indoleamine2,3-dioxygenase 1, IDO1) (3-hydroxyanthranilic 3,4-dioxygenase, 3HAO) generation, thereby Kyn Quin levels. Additionally, . administration pivotal role protection synaptic loss, microglial activation, astrocyte maintenance. Conclusions This study beneficial balancing Trp-derived neurotransmitter improving synaptogenesis glial maintenance, may yield novel insights into microbial markers therapeutic strategies GBA

Language: Английский

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The impact of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids on macrophage activities in disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 115276 - 115276

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from the fermentation of carbohydrates by gut microbiota play a crucial role in regulating host physiology. Among them, acetate, propionate, and butyrate are key players various biological processes. Recent research has revealed their significant functions immune inflammatory responses. For instance, reduces development interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) generating cells while promoting regulatory T (Treg) cells. Propionate inhibits initiation Th2 response dendritic (DCs). Notably, SCFAs have an inhibitory impact on polarization M2 macrophages, emphasizing immunomodulatory properties potential for therapeutics. In animal models asthma, both propionate suppress pathway, thus reducing allergic airway inflammation. Moreover, dysbiosis leading to altered SCFA production been implicated prostate cancer progression. trigger autophagy promote accelerating tumor advancement. Manipulating microbiota- producing holds promise treatment. Additionally, enhance expression hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) blocking histone deacetylase, resulting increased antibacterial effectors improved macrophage-mediated elimination microorganisms. This highlights antimicrobial defense mechanisms. comprehensive review provides in-depth analysis latest functional aspects underlying mechanisms relation macrophage activities wide range diseases, including infectious diseases cancers. By elucidating intricate interplay between functions, this aims contribute understanding therapeutic pave way future interventions targeting disease management.

Language: Английский

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The role of the indoles in microbiota-gut-brain axis and potential therapeutic targets: A focus on human neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239, P. 109690 - 109690

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Role of microbiota short-chain fatty acids in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 114620 - 114620

Published: March 31, 2023

There is emerging evidence that microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in helath diseases. In this regard, gut has been found as a crucial component influences immune responses well immune-related disorders such autoimmune Gut bacterial dysbiosis shown to cause disease altered metabolite synthesis, leading immunological metabolic dysregulation. Of note, the produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, butyrate, propionate, remodeling these linked pathophysiology of number type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac systemic lupus erythematosus. review, we will address most recent findings from noteworthy studies investigating impact SCFAs on various

Language: Английский

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Impacts of microbiota and its metabolites through gut-brain axis on pathophysiology of major depressive disorder

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 351, P. 122815 - 122815

Published: June 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Dual role of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids on host and pathogen

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 112352 - 112352

Published: Nov. 26, 2021

A growing body of documents shows microbiota produce metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) crucial executors diet-based microbial influence the host and bacterial pathogens. The production SCFAs depends on metabolic activity intestinal microflora is also affected by dietary changes. play important roles in maintaining colonic health an energy source, a regulator gene expression cell differentiation, anti-inflammatory agent. Additionally, regulated virulence genes critical for successful infection pathogen. Bacteria rely sensing environmental signals to find preferable niches reach infectious state. This review will present data supporting diverse functional microbiota-derived butyrate, propionate, acetate cellular activities immune modulation, metabolism, nervous system, inflammation, anti-tumor effects, among others. On other hand, we discuss summarize about role these factor In this regard, receptors signaling routes pathogens be introduced.

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiota-brain axis, psychobiotics and its influence on brain and behaviour: A systematic review

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 105640 - 105640

Published: Dec. 17, 2021

Language: Английский

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Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota from the Perspective of the Gut–Brain Axis: Role in the Provocation of Neurological Disorders

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1064 - 1064

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication network connecting the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. keeps track of activities integrates them to connect gut health higher cognitive parts brain. Disruption in this connection may facilitate various neurological problems. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive dysfunction specific populations neurons, determining clinical presentation. Misfolded protein aggregates that cause cellular toxicity aid collapse proteostasis defining characteristic neurodegenerative proteinopathies. These disorders not only caused changes neural compartment but also due other factors non-neural origin. Mounting data reveal majority (GI) physiologies mechanics governed system (CNS). Furthermore, microbiota plays critical role regulation physiological function brain, although mechanism involved has yet been fully interpreted. One emerging explanations start progression many illnesses dysbiosis microbial makeup. present understanding literature surrounding relationship between intestinal emergence certain diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Huntington's multiple sclerosis, main emphasis review. potential entry pathway pathogen-associated secretions toxins into CNS explored article at outset neuropathology. We have included possible undelaying synergistic effect infections, their metabolites, interactions based on current understanding.

Language: Английский

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Immunomodulatory roles of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in bacterial infections

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 141, P. 111817 - 111817

Published: June 11, 2021

In recent years, an overwhelming amount of evidence has positively recommended a significant role microbiota in human health and disease. Microbiota also plays crucial the initiation, preparation, function host immune response. Recently, it been shown that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are primary metabolites intestinal produced by anaerobic fermentation, which contributes to host-pathogen interaction. SCFAs, such as propionate, acetate, butyrate, bacterial with immunomodulatory activity, they indispensable for maintenance homeostasis. Some indicates involved development infections. present study, we provide latest findings on SCFAs response

Language: Английский

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Biotechnological potentials of halophilic microorganisms and their impact on mankind

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: May 31, 2022

Abstract Background Halophiles are extremophilic organisms represented by archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes that thrive in hypersaline environment. They apply different osmoadaptation strategies to survive hostile conditions. Habitat diversity of halophilic microorganisms system provides information pertaining the evolution life on Earth. Main body The microbiome-gut-brain axis interaction contributes greatly neurodegenerative diseases. Gut resident used as alternative medication for chronic brain can be pharmaceuticals, drug delivery, agriculture, saline waste water treatment, biodegradable plastic production, metal recovery, biofuel energy generation, concrete crack repair other sectors. Furthermore, versatile biomolecules, mainly enzymes characterized broad range pH thermostability, suitable candidate industrial purposes. Reflectance pattern archaeal pigment rhodopsin is considered potential biosignature Earth-like planets. Short conclusions This review represents important acquired archaea their biotechnological applications resolve present day challenges. Graphical

Language: Английский

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