Astaxanthin-mediated Nrf2 activation ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired bone formation of glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rats

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Background Osteonecrosis of the femoral head caused by glucocorticoids (GIONFH) is a significant issue resulting from prolonged or excessive clinical glucocorticoid use. Astaxanthin, an orange-red carotenoid present in marine organisms, has been focus this study to explore its impact and mechanism on osteoblast apoptosis induced dexamethasone (Dex) GIONFH. Methods In experiment, bioinformatic prediction, molecular docking dynamics simulation, cytotoxicity assay, osteogenic differentiation, qRT-PCR analysis, terminal uridine nickend labeling (TUNEL) determination intracellular ROS, mitochondrial function immunofluorescence, GIONFH rat model construction, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans were performed. Results Our research demonstrated that low dose astaxanthin was non-toxic healthy osteoblasts restored Dex-treated reducing oxidative stress, dysfunction, apoptosis. Furthermore, rescued dysfunction poor bone quality, metabolism angiogenesis rats. The behind involves counteracting Dex-induced damage activating Nrf2 pathway. Conclusion Astaxanthin shields glucocorticoid-induced stress via pathway activation, making it potential therapeutic agent for treatment.

Language: Английский

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Astaxanthin Bioactivity Is Determined by Stereoisomer Composition and Extraction Method

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1522 - 1522

Published: April 6, 2022

Astaxanthin (ASX) is a natural product and one of the most powerful antioxidants known. It has significant effects on metabolism many animals, increasing fecundity, egg yolk volume, growth rates, immune responses, disease resistance. A large part bioactivity ASX due to its targeting mitochondria, where it inserts itself into cell membranes. Here, stabilizes membranes acts as antioxidant, protecting mitochondria from damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are ubiquitous by-products energy that must be tightly regulated cells, lest they bind inactivate proteins, DNA RNA, lipids, signaling molecules. Most animals cannot synthesize ASX, so need acquire in their diet. easily thermally denatured during extraction, high hydrophobicity limits bioavailability. Our focus this review contrast different stereoisomers how extraction methods can denature compromising bioavailability bioactivity. We discuss commercial sources astaxanthin, structure stereoisomers, relative mechanisms bioactivity, evolution carotenoids, why mitochondrial makes such an effective antioxidant.

Language: Английский

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Current applications of solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers as vehicles in oral delivery systems for antioxidant nutraceuticals: A review

Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 233, P. 113608 - 113608

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Astaxanthin attenuates cigarette smoking-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in a sirtuin 1-dependent manner

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 114230 - 114230

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play key roles in the pathogenesis of obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Astaxanthin (AXT) is a keto-carotenoid with variety biological functions, including antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects This study aimed to explore protective role underlying mechanism AXT COPD. In this study, we found alleviated emphysema CS-exposed mouse model regulated expression MMP-9/TIMP-1. And, attenuates CSE-induced small airway fibrosis. Meanwhile, inhibited Nrf2-modulated oxidative p65 NF-κB-regulated inflammatory pathway both CSE-treated HBE cells. Mechanistically, could directly bind SIRT1 (the binding energy complex was −8.8 kcal/mol) regulate deacetylation activity SIRT1. Finally, by activating deacetylation, deacetylated Nrf2 contributed its action reducing generating enzymes, inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional suppress response. Our results show that treatment significantly reverses induced cigarette smoke vivo vitro sirtuin 1-dependent manner.

Language: Английский

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Development of a Microbial-Assisted Process for Enhanced Astaxanthin Recovery from Crab Exoskeleton Waste

Fermentation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 505 - 505

Published: May 24, 2023

Astaxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid possessing impressive nutraceutical, antioxidant, and bioactive merits. Traditionally, astaxanthin extracted from crustacean wastes via solvent extraction methods. However, the rigid structure of shells that comprise complex proteins chitin challenges process. This investigation addressed an efficient microbial-assisted method to facilitate recovery crab exoskeleton waste utilizing chitinolytic proteolytic microorganisms. Herein, we evaluated effect pretreatment with newly isolated probiotic strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CPFD8, showing remarkable protease chitinase activity Saccharomyces cerevisiae 006-001 before extraction, using acetone/hexane, on recovery. Furthermore, antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities recovered were inspected. Results revealed both strains boosted yield (Callinectes sapidus) compared acetone/hexane. Under optimum conditions, was 217 91 µg/g in samples treated B. CPFD8 S. 006-001, respectively. Interestingly, yielded more than 6-fold just 35 µg/g. increase could be attributed rendered deproteinized shell accessible chitinase, facilitating penetration solvents astaxanthin. The exhibited excellent scavenging DPPH or ABTS free radicals IC50 values 50.93 17.56 µg/mL, In addition, showed impact LPS-induced murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells significantly inhibited production nitric oxide, TNF-α, IL-6 untreated control. These findings suggest potential use developed maximize (C. waste.

Language: Английский

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