Akkermansia muciniphila in neuropsychiatric disorders: friend or foe?

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 10, 2023

An accumulating body of evidence suggests that the bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila exhibits positive systemic effects on host health, mainly by improving immunological and metabolic functions, it is therefore regarded as a promising potential probiotic. Recent clinical preclinical studies have shown A. plays vital role in variety neuropsychiatric disorders influencing brain through microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). Numerous observed its substances can effectively improve symptoms restoring gut microbiota, reestablishing integrity mucosal barrier, regulating immunity, modulating neuroinflammation. However, was also reported to participate development aggravating inflammation mucus production. Therefore, exact mechanism action remains much controversial. This review summarizes proposed roles mechanisms various neurological psychiatric such depression, anxiety, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s multiple sclerosis, strokes, autism spectrum disorders, provides insights into therapeutic application for treatment these conditions.

Language: Английский

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Impaired olfactory identification in dementia-free individuals is associated with the functional abnormality of the precuneus

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 194, P. 106483 - 106483

Published: March 26, 2024

Olfactory dysfunction indicates a higher risk of developing dementia. However, the potential structural and functional changes are still largely unknown. A total 236 participants were enrolled, including 45 Alzheimer's disease (AD) individuals 191dementia-free individuals. Detailed study methods, comprising neuropsychological assessment olfactory identification test (University Pennsylvania smell test, UPSIT), as well magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applied in this research. The dementia-free divided into two sub-groups based on score: with (DF-OD) sub-group without (DF-NOD) sub-group. results analyzed for subsequent intergroup comparisons correlations. cognitive was conducted again three years later. (i) At stage, there positive correlation between score function. (ii) In group, volume crucial brain structures involved recognition processing (such amygdala, entorhinal cortex basal forebrain volumes) positively associated score. (iii) Compared to DF-NOD DF-OD group showed significant reduction network (ON) (iv) connectivity (FC) decline PCun_L(R)_4_1 precuneus posterior default mode (pDMN) salience (SN) FC values decreased falling scores. Moreover, noteworthy observed which component ON. (v) AD conversion rate 29.41%, while 12.50%. also more severe. addition circuit, is critical structure odor process, whose abnormal function underlies impairment

Language: Английский

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Triglyceride-glucose index as a potential predictor of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with depression

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 26, 2024

Background Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities, which closely related to the prognosis variety diseases. Patients with both CHD depression have higher risk major adverse cardiovascular cerebrovascular events (MACCE) worse outcome. TyG may be able predict this special population. Methods The retrospective cohort study involved 596 patients between June 2013 December 2023. primary outcome endpoint was occurrence MACCE, including all-cause death, stroke, MI emergent coronary revascularization. receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used assess correlation MACCE in complicated depression. Results With median follow-up 31 (15–62) months, occurred 281(47.15%) patients. area under ROC curve predicting 0.765(0.726–0.804) ( P <0.01). high group(69.73%) had significantly developing than those low group(23.63%) multifactorial RCS model showed nonlinear (nonlinear <0.01, overall <0.01), critical value 8.80 for MACCE. further improve predictive accuracy Conclusions potential predictor

Language: Английский

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Examining Specific Theory-of-Mind Aspects in Amnestic and Non-Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Their Relationships with Sleep Duration and Cognitive Planning

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 57 - 57

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Background/Objectives: The study examined the relationships between specific Theory-of-Mind (ToM) dimensions, cognitive planning, and sleep duration in aging adults. Methods: sample included 179 participants, comprising 46 cognitively healthy individuals, 75 diagnosed with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), 58 non-amnestic (naMCI). mean age of participants was 70.23 years (SD = 4.74), a educational attainment 12.35 3.22) gender distribution 53 men 126 women. ToM assessment tasks measuring understanding interpretation non-literal speech, proverbs metaphors, as well an emotion-recognition test. For Tower Test utilized. Sleep measured using actigraphy. Results: We identified significant differences various tasks' performance groups, particularly speech third-order stories. HC group consistently outperformed both MCI groups these tasks, aMCI showing higher than naMCI. Mediation analysis applied to examine potential direct indirect effects on indicated that total time had through planning-mainly rule violation score-on aspects. Hence, besides pathologies especially naMCI, seems also be associated via executive functioning decrements. Conclusions: findings underscore social implications deficits due and/or decrease, naMCI older adults, they can seriously impair their interactions. Targeted interventions could improve emotional understanding, communication, overall quality life.

Language: Английский

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Potential common targets of music therapy intervention in neuropsychiatric disorders: the prefrontal cortex-hippocampus -amygdala circuit (a review)

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

As life becomes more stressful, neurological disorders, psychiatric and comorbidities of the two are becoming a concern. Multiple neuropsychiatric disorders share same mental somatic dysfunction may involve common brain circuits mechanistic targets. Music therapy, as an art form with proven efficacy, low cost few side effects, is promoted for use in interventions disorders. This be closely related to release signaling molecules such monoamine neurotransmitters, glutamatergic system, gut-microbiota-brain axis, pro-inflammatory cytokines endogenous opioid peptide system. However, fewer studies have mentioned main targets music promote functional changes regions. Therefore, this paper review mechanisms by which therapy interacts prefrontal cortex-hippocampus-amygdala circuit through aforementioned molecules. It also hypothesized that glial cells, mitochondria microRNAs microscopic musical intervention The aim give new ideas future research into biological

Language: Английский

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Brain Health for All? Influence of Glycemic Control and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Case Report and Literature Review

Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 8 - 8

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLBs) often presents neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs), yet the role of hyperglycemia, a common cause delirium in older adults, as contributing factor remains under-recognized. This article aims to explore relationship between hyperglycemia and NPSs. Methods: We report case 71-year-old male DLBs type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who experienced worsening NPSs closely associated periods hyperglycemia. Initial pharmacological nonpharmacological interventions were insufficient, prompting adjustments insulin therapy dietary modifications stabilize blood glucose levels. Results: Improved glycemic control resulted clinically significant reduction Conclusions: suggests potential link DLB patients, emphasizing importance maintaining managing Although exact mechanisms remain incompletely understood, adopting holistic framework for brain health could offer comprehensive approach cognitive care. Further studies are needed elucidate biological pathways involved, validate these findings larger populations, develop evidence-based clinical guidelines.

Language: Английский

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Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging analysis of early mild cognitive impairment

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Background Early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI) represents a prodromal stage of dementia, and early detection is crucial for delaying dementia progression. However, accurately identifying its neuroimaging features remains challenging. Objective To comprehensively evaluate structural functional changes in EMCI using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Methods One hundred eleven participants were included from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI): 36 with cognitively normal (CN), 30 EMCI, 32 late (LMCI), 13 disease (AD). FreeSurfer software was employed to segment hippocampal amygdala subregions. The amplitude low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), connectivity processed Data Processing & Analysis Brain Imaging toolbox. Graph Theoretical Network toolbox utilized global network. Results volume most subregions decreased AD group than those MRI. Significant differences found between fALFF (right insula) ReHo (bilateral caudate regions). exhibited stronger left hippocampus right inferior temporal gyrus (compared CN), LMCI), cerebellum crus 8 AD). anterior cingulate compared AD. metrics showed no significant among these groups, but all small-world properties. Conclusions Multimodal MRI analysis revealed characteristics promoted understanding mechanisms underlying EMCI.

Language: Английский

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FDG-PET Detects Amygdala-Hippocampal Connection Volume and Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's Disease Progression

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Objective This study delves into the potential of radiomics to identify Alzheimer's disease (AD) stages and monitor its progression using FDG PET images. The particular objective is explore tracking a reduced meaningful set imaging biomarkers at border Hippocampus Amygdala. Method Our utilized 18F-FDG scans from 513 participants spanning three Alzheimer’s ADNI database. hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex consistently emerged as key regions interest. To further investigate their interconnectivity, we defined hippocampus-amygdala connecting region distance transform approach. Next, systematically evaluated eight feature selection techniques in combination with six classification models determine most effective predictive framework. Finally, conducted Pearson correlation analysis pinpoint significant features for AD classification. Results connectivity area between hippocampus amygdala demonstrated superior efficacy diagnosing AD. Two shape_MeshVolume_Right, gldm_SmallDependenceLowGrayLevelEmphasis_left, glrlm_ShortRunLowGrayLevelEmphasis_left this single region, could predict versus Control Normal (CN) individuals ROC AUC = 0.91, two MCI 0.80, shape_LeastAxisLength_left, glszm_LargeAreaEmphasis_left CN 0.69. features' mean values were able demonstrate incremental deterioration groups consecutive statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusions In study, radiomic within utility progression. By limiting these specific biomarkers, offer simple but clinically relevant approach diagnosis monitoring role early detection intervention.

Language: Английский

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Collaborative multitasking framework for enhanced hippocampus segmentation and Alzheimer’s disease classification

Brain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 149610 - 149610

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Long-Term Fish Oil Supplementation Attenuates Spike Wave Discharges in the Amygdala of Adult Rats with Early-Life Febrile Seizures

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 395 - 395

Published: April 14, 2025

Background and Objectives: Febrile seizures (FS) are neuronal disturbances frequently associated with abnormal electroencephalographic activity (EEG) as spike-wave discharges (SWDs). Fish oil (FO) has high amounts of omega-3 fatty acids (θ-3), its effects on FS alterations poorly understood. The aim this work was to evaluate the effect long-term FO supplementation EEG amygdala adult male rats early-life FS. Materials Methods: Progenitor female Wistar rats, from puberty gestation delivery, were fed daily a commercial diet supplemented either fish (FO), palm (PO), or deionized water (CTRL). After parturition, pups exposed for 30 min hyperthermia (HP) then returned their dams. weaning, respective treatments up 155 days age when electrodes implanted in amygdala. Results: During early life HP, PO CTRL groups reached maximal core temperature (CT) comparison group. Furthermore, group only fewer myoclonus long latency adopt an uncontrolled posture. At age, scored shorter periods SWDs but without presented minor values absolute power than groups. Conclusions: In minimizes deleterious behavioral caused by decreases occurrence amplitude

Language: Английский

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