Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, disease. advent new sequencing technologies culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations shed light on microbiome–host interactions. Evidence unveiled bidirectional communication between central nervous system, referred as “microbiota–gut–brain axis”. microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator glial functions, making it actionable target ameliorate development progression neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms As provides essential cues microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, examine communications microbiota these cells during healthy states Subsequently, diseases using metabolite-centric approach, while also examining role microbiota-related neurotransmitters hormones. Next, targeting intestinal barrier, blood–brain meninges, peripheral immune system counteract dysfunction neurodegeneration. Finally, conclude by assessing pre-clinical clinical evidence probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation A thorough comprehension will foster effective therapeutic interventions for management

Language: Английский

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Gastrodia elata polysaccharide alleviates Parkinson's disease via inhibiting apoptotic and inflammatory signaling pathways and modulating the gut microbiota

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 2920 - 2938

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Gastrodia elata polysaccharide significantly alleviated motor dysfunction, inhibited α-synuclein accumulation in PD mice via inhibiting apoptotic and inflammatory signaling pathways modulating the gut microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Electroacupuncture at ST25 corrected gut microbial dysbiosis and SNpc lipid peroxidation in Parkinson’s disease rats

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains one kind of a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease. Levodopa and dopamine agonists as widely utilized PD therapeutics have not shown significant positive long-term outcomes. Emerging evidences indicate that electroacupuncture (EA) potential effects on the therapy nervous system disorders, particularly PD, but its specific underlying mechanism(s) poorly understood, leading to great challenge clinical application management. Previous study has acupuncture ameliorates motor symptoms dopaminergic neuron damage by modulating intestinal dysbiosis, intermediate pathway been sufficiently investigated. Methods A rat model was induced using rotenone. The therapeutic effect EA assessed pole rotarod tests immunohistostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in substantia nigra (SN) brain. role gut microbiota explored 16S rRNA gene sequencing metabonomic analysis. PICRUSt2 analysis, lipidomic LPS inflammatory factor assays were used subsequent exploration validation. Correlation analysis identify key bacteria regulates lipid metabolism improve PD. Results present firstly reappeared protecting function neurons modulation microbial dysbiosis rotenone-induced model. improved dysfunction (via tests) protected TH+ rats. increased abundance beneficial such Lactobacillus, Dubosiella Bifidobacterium decreased Escherichia-Shigella Morganella belonging Pseudomonadota, suggesting improving motility via alleviating LPS-induced response oxidative stress, which also validated various aspects functional fecal metabolomics SNpc lipidomics Moreover, correlation analyses verified strong correlations with peroxidation, explicating targets pathways through exercise symptom. Conclusion Our results improvement may be mediated part restoring microbiota, processes involve circulating endotoxins mediators, stress peroxidation. gut-microbiome - brain axis mechanism treatment

Language: Английский

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Convergence of Neuroinflammation, Microbiota, and Parkinson’s Disease: Therapeutic Insights and Prospects

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11629 - 11629

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder. Recent evidence reveals connections between neuroinflammatory processes and intestinal microbiota alterations in the progression of this pathology. This comprehensive review explores intricate relationships them, highlighting their combined impact on PD. Neuroinflammation, characterized by immune activation central nervous system, increasingly acknowledged as critical factor development Concurrently, gut composition have been linked to PD, suggesting potential modulatory role progression. Thus, bidirectional communication along gut-brain axis has become pivotal comprehending pathogenesis Furthermore, we explore emerging therapeutic strategies that target these interconnected pathways, providing insights into avenues for PD treatment. The elucidation establishes promising foundation innovative aimed at altering improving quality life individuals affected

Language: Английский

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Food and Food Waste Antioxidants: Could They Be a Potent Defence against Parkinson’s Disease?

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 645 - 645

Published: May 25, 2024

Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous antioxidants, plays important role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s. The human brain is vulnerable to oxidative stress because high rate that it needs levels polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are substrates lipid peroxidation. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidation reduce preventing cancer, inflammation, disorders. Furthermore, literature, reported due their possible neuroprotective activity, may offer interesting option for better symptom management, even Parkinson’s disease (PD). usually found several foods, such as fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, oil, food wastes, seeds, peels, leaves, skin. They can help system protect or repair cellular components from halt lipid, protein, DNA damage neurons. This review will examine extent knowledge last ten years, about potential effect natural present by-products, vivo vitro PD models. Additionally, this study demonstrate pool dietary be tool prevention opportunity cost savings public health area.

Language: Английский

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The interplay between gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis in Parkinson’s disease treatment

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 29, 2024

This study delves into the pivotal role of gut microbiota and brain-gut axis in Parkinson’s Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with significant motor non-motor implications. It posits that disruptions microbiota—dysbiosis—and alterations contribute to PD’s pathogenesis. Our findings highlight potential gastrointestinal system’s early involvement PD, suggested by precedence symptoms before emerge. observation implies possible gut-originated disease pathway. The analysis demonstrates dysbiosis PD patients leads increased intestinal permeability systemic inflammation, which turn exacerbates neuroinflammation neurodegeneration. Such insights interaction between not only elucidate underlying mechanisms but also pave way for novel therapeutic interventions. We propose targeted treatment strategies, including dietary modifications fecal transplantation, aimed at modulating microbiota. These approaches hold promise augmenting current modalities alleviating both symptoms, thereby potentially improving patient quality life. research underscores significance progression advocating an integrated, multidisciplinary approach develop personalized, efficacious management strategies patients, combining from neurology, microbiology, nutritional science.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activities of the Most Favored Ready-to-Use Thai Curries, Pad-Ka-Proa (Spicy Basil Leaves) and Massaman

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 582 - 582

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Food is one of the factors with highest impact on human health. Today, attention paid not only to food properties such as energy provision and palatability but also functional aspects including phytochemical, antioxidant properties, etc. Massaman spicy basil leaf curries are famous Thai dishes a good harmony flavor taste, derived from multiple herbs spices, galangal rhizomes, chili pods, garlic bulbs, peppers, shallots, coriander seeds, that provide an array health benefits. The characterization phytochemicals detected by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS identified 99 components (Masaman) 62 (spicy curry) quininic acid, hydroxycinnamic luteolin, kaempferol, catechin, eugenol, betulinic gingerol. cynaroside luteolin-7-O-glucoside found in curry play key role activities were at significantly higher concentration than curry. Phenolic flavonoid compounds generally exhibit bitter astringent all panelists scored both 7 out 9, confirming their acceptable flavor. Results suggest leaves contain various different levels may be further used ingredients nutraceutical products.

Language: Английский

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Membrane vesicles from lactobacillus acidophilus reduce intestinal inflammation and increase 5-HT in the substantia nigra of rats with parkinson's disease

Archives of Medical Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(3), P. 103143 - 103143

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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