Regulatory insights into nanomedicine and gene vaccine innovation: Safety assessment, challenges, and regulatory perspectives

Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 1 - 17

Published: April 10, 2024

This analysis explores the principal regulatory concerns linked to nanomedicines and gene vaccines, including complexities involved perspectives on how navigate them. In realm of nanomedicines, ensuring safety nanomaterials is paramount due their unique characteristics potential interactions with biological systems. Regulatory bodies are actively formulating guidelines standards assess risks associated nanomedicine products, emphasizing need for standardized characterization techniques accurately gauge effectiveness. Regarding frameworks must be tailored address distinct challenges posed by genetic interventions, necessitating special considerations in efficacy evaluations, particularly concerning vector design, target specificity, long-term patient monitoring. Ethical such as autonomy, informed consent, privacy also demand careful attention, alongside intricate matter intellectual property rights, which balanced against imperative widespread access these life-saving treatments. Collaborative efforts among bodies, researchers, patent offices, private sector essential tackle effectively, international cooperation being especially crucial given global scope vaccine development. Striking right balance between safeguarding properties promoting public health vital fostering innovation equitable ground-breaking technologies, underscoring significance addressing hurdles fully harness benefits vaccines enhancing healthcare outcomes a scale. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Several biomaterials proposed development nanovaccines, from polymeric micelles, PLGA-/PEI-/PLL-nanoparticles, solid lipid nananoparticles, cationic lipoplexes, liposomes, hybrid materials, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, hydrogels, quantum dots. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have gained tremendous attention since US Food Drug Administration (FDA) approval Pfizer Moderna's COVID-19 raising awareness vaccines. review provides insights into current strategies issues, clinical trials. By navigating landscapes we can unlock full using range promising towards improving worldwide.

Language: Английский

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The quest for nanoparticle-powered vaccines in cancer immunotherapy

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Abstract Despite recent advancements in cancer treatment, this disease still poses a serious threat to public health. Vaccines play an important role preventing illness by preparing the body's adaptive and innate immune responses combat diseases. As our understanding of malignancies their connection system improves, there has been growing interest priming fight more effectively comprehensively. One promising approach involves utilizing nanoparticle systems for antigen delivery, which shown potentiate as vaccines and/or adjuvants. In review, we comprehensively summarized immunological mechanisms while focusing specifically on applications various types nanoparticles field immunotherapy. By exploring these breakthroughs, hope identify significant challenges obstacles making nanoparticle-based adjuvants feasible clinical application. This review serves assess breakthroughs vaccinations shed light prospects potential barriers. doing so, aim inspire future immunotherapies that harness nanotechnology deliver effective targeted treatments. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Present and future of cancer nano-immunotherapy: opportunities, obstacles and challenges

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Clinically, multimodal therapies are adopted worldwide for the management of cancer, which continues to be a leading cause death. In recent years, immunotherapy has firmly established itself as new paradigm in cancer care that activates body's immune defense cope with cancer. Immunotherapy resulted significant breakthroughs treatment stubborn tumors, dramatically improving clinical outcome patients. Multiple forms immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), adoptive cell therapy and vaccines, have become widely available. However, effectiveness these immunotherapies is not much satisfying. Many patients do respond disease recurrence appears unavoidable because rapidly evolving resistance. Moreover, can give rise severe off-target immune-related adverse events. Strategies remove hindrances mainly focus on development combinatorial or exploitation novel immunotherapeutic mediations. Nanomaterials carrying anticancer agents target site considered practical approaches treatment. Nanomedicine combined offers possibility potentiate systemic antitumor immunity facilitate selective cytotoxicity against cells an effective safe manner. A myriad nano-enabled currently under investigation. Owing gaps between preclinical studies, nano-immunotherapy faces multiple challenges, biosafety nanomaterials trial design. this review, we provide overview summarize evidence indicating how nanomedicine-based increase efficacy immunotherapies. We also discuss key challenges emerged era nanotechnology-based immunotherapy. Taken together, combination drawing increasing attention, it anticipated will achieve desired success therapy.

Language: Английский

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Invasion and metastasis in cancer: molecular insights and therapeutic targets

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The progression of malignant tumors leads to the development secondary in various organs, including bones, brain, liver, and lungs. This metastatic process severely impacts prognosis patients, significantly affecting their quality life survival rates. Research efforts have consistently focused on intricate mechanisms underlying this corresponding clinical management strategies. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding biological foundations tumor metastasis, identification pivotal signaling pathways, systematic evaluation existing emerging therapeutic strategies are paramount enhancing overall diagnostic treatment capabilities for tumors. However, current research is primarily metastasis within specific cancer types, leaving significant gaps our complex cascade, organ-specific tropism mechanisms, targeted treatments. In study, we examine sequential processes elucidate driving organ-tropic systematically analyze tumors, those tailored organ involvement. Subsequently, synthesize most recent advances technologies challenges opportunities encountered pertaining bone metastasis. Our objective offer insights that can inform future practice crucial field.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of the In Vitro Biological Activities of Schiff Base-Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles as an Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Alzheimer, and Anti-Cancer Agent

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 180 - 180

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Background/Objectives: Numerous diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and cancer have spread in the whole world, especially Arab world. Also, various applications of Schiff-base functionalized nanoparticles copper oxide (CuO-NPs) therapeutic been discovered. Thus, current research highlights (i) synthesis produced with a Schiff base (SB) serving capping agent during their (ii) assessment vitro biological activities base-synthesized (SB-CuO-NPs) (SB). Methods: SB-CuO-NPs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, zeta potential, DLS analysis, transmission electron microscope (TEM). It also focuses on assessing activities, including antioxidant, scavenging, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic enzymes inhibitory methods described literature. Results: The results compared those SB. demonstrated superior when to SB from which they produced. Conclusions: this investigation concluded that CuO-NPs, synthesized an alternative agent, exhibited enhanced efficacy relative original In future, efficiency against Alzheimer’s, will be assessed experimental animals (in vivo).

Language: Английский

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The Advancement and Obstacles in Improving the Stability of Nanocarriers for Precision Drug Delivery in the Field of Nanomedicine

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(8), P. 686 - 721

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Nanocarriers have emerged as a promising class of nanoscale materials in the fields drug delivery and biomedical applications. Their unique properties, such high surface area- tovolume ratios enhanced permeability retention effects, enable targeted therapeutic agents to specific tissues or cells. However, inherent instability nanocarriers poses significant challenges their successful application. This review highlights importance nanocarrier stability applications its impact on biocompatibility, delivery, long shelf life, performance, efficacy, reduced side prolonged circulation time, delivery. Enhancing requires careful design, engineering, optimization physical chemical parameters. Various strategies cutting-edge techniques employed improve are explored, with focus By understanding advances stability, this aims contribute development implementation nanocarrier- based therapies clinical settings, advancing field nanomedicine.

Language: Английский

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Unlocking the power of nanomedicine: Cell membrane-derived biomimetic cancer nanovaccines for cancer treatment

Med, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 660 - 688

Published: April 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Nanotechnology and nanobots unleashed: pioneering a new era in gynecological cancer management – a comprehensive review

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 95(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advances in Pure Drug Self-Assembled Nanosystems: A Novel Strategy for Combined Cancer Therapy

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 68 - 68

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems hold great promise for improving the effectiveness of anti-tumor therapies. However, their clinical translation remains hindered by several significant challenges, including intricate preparation processes, limited loading capacity, and concerns regarding potential toxicity. In this context, pure drug-assembled nanosystems (PDANSs) have emerged as a promising alternative, attracting extensive research interest due to simple methods, high efficiency, suitability large-scale industrial production. This innovative approach presents new opportunities enhance both safety therapeutic efficacy cancer treatments. review comprehensively explores recent progress in application PDANSs therapy. It begins detailing self-assembly mechanisms fundamental principles underlying PDANS formation. The discussion then advances strategies assembling single nanoparticles, well co-assembly multiple drugs. Subsequently, addresses combination treatment modalities, encompassing diagnostic applications. These include combinations chemotherapeutic agents, phototherapeutic approaches, integration chemotherapy with phototherapy, synergistic use immunotherapy other methods. Finally, highlights advancing tumor therapy prospects application, providing key insights future aimed at optimizing technology broadening its utility treatment.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Vaccine Efficacy and Stability: A Review of the Utilization of Nanoparticles in mRNA Vaccines

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1036 - 1036

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

The development of vaccines has entered a new era with the advent nanotechnology, particularly through utilization nanoparticles. This review focuses on role nanoparticles in enhancing efficacy and stability mRNA vaccines. Nanoparticles, owing to their unique properties such as high surface area, tunable size, ability be functionalized, have emerged powerful tools vaccine development. Specifically, lipid (LNPs) revolutionized delivery by protecting fragile molecules facilitating efficient uptake cells. discusses various types employed formulations, including lipid-based, polymer-based, inorganic nanoparticles, highlighting advantages limitations. Moreover, it explores mechanisms which improve immune responses, enhanced antigen presentation prolonged release mRNA. also addresses challenges future directions nanoparticle-based development, emphasizing need for further research optimize formulations broader applications. By providing an in-depth analysis current advancements potential vaccines, this aims shed light critical combating infectious diseases improving public health outcomes.

Language: Английский

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