Biohacking Nerve Repair: Novel Biomaterials, Local Drug Delivery, Electrical Stimulation, and Allografts to Aid Surgical Repair

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 776 - 776

Published: July 31, 2024

The regenerative capacity of the peripheral nervous system is limited, and nerve injuries often result in incomplete healing poor outcomes even after repair. Transection that induce a gap necessitate microsurgical intervention; however, current gold standard repair, autologous graft, frequently results functional recovery. Several interventions have been developed to augment surgical repair nerves, application biomaterials, local delivery bioactive substances, electrical stimulation, allografts are among most promising approaches enhance innate across gap. Biocompatible polymers with optimized degradation rates, topographic features, other functions provided by their composition incorporated into novel conduits (NCs). Many these allow for drugs, neurotrophic factors, whole cells locally sites, mitigating adverse effects limit systemic use. stimulation repaired nerves perioperative period has shown benefits recovery human trials, biomaterials show promise preclinical models. use acellular (ANAs) circumvents morbidity donor harvest necessitated autografts, improvements tissue-processing techniques may more readily available cost-effective options. Each aid neural regeneration when applied independently, differing forms, benefits, methods present ample opportunity synergistic combination.

Language: Английский

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A sequential stimuli-responsive hydrogel promotes structural and functional recovery of severe spinal cord injury

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 316, P. 122995 - 122995

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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The restorative effect of platelet-rich plasma on estrous cycle disruption induced by arcuate nucleus lesion in female Wistar rats: An experimental study

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 55 - 66

Published: March 10, 2025

Background: Successful reproduction relies on a functioning hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis. Damage to this axis disrupts the estrus cycle and reproductive capability. Objective: This study aimed evaluate effects of single or multiple platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections repairing damaged hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) restoring in Wistar rats. Materials Methods: 90 female rats (2–3 months old, 250–280 gr) with regular estrous cycles were divided into control group 8 experimental groups (n = 10/each). After bilateral stereotaxic chemical surgery ARC using quinolinic acid (500 nmol/2 μl), categorized several treatment regimens: ARC− (no treatment), 1 PRP injection (immediately, 24 hr, 48 72 hr postsurgery), 2 hr), 3 4 hr). Vaginal smear cytology was performed daily for 2.5 months. In end, brains removed real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis kisspeptin, neurokinin B, dynorphin, as well cell counting. Results: indicated that administration gradually restored cycle. Compared group, significantly increased density (p 0.012) mRNA levels dynorphin < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings not only emphasized importance regularity but also showed potential local contribution protection/reconstruction ARC.

Language: Английский

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Nerve Healing and Future Directions

Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101178 - 101178

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Biophysically Optimized Nanofiber‐Hydrogel Scaffold Composite Acts as “Bio‐Bonsai” for Peripheral Nerve Simulation and Regeneration via Orienting Adipose Derived Stem Cells into Schwann‐Like Cell Differentiation

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

Abstract Efficient repairment of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) remains a severe clinical challenge worldwide, and recovering the regenerative capability neurons in nervous system is hindered by slow rate inaccurate direction axonal elongation. Schwann cells (SCs) loaded guidance conduit has been proven to improve PNI repair, but low cell survival incomplete differentiation SCs limited its practical application. To address these hurdles, biophysically optimized nanofiber‐hydrogel scaffold composite (APML@PC) prepared this study, “bio”bonsai“”inspired strategy integrates topological biological cues promote adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem (ADSCs) adhesion, proliferation, Schwann‐like differentiation. In vitro vivo experiments confirmed favorable biocompatibility reasonable biodegradation behavior inducible platform, robust growth, remyelination regeneration, as well function recovery. This novel can serve promising candidate for development advanced cell‐based thereby paving new avenue clinically effective therapy.

Language: Английский

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Unexpectedly High and Difficult-to-Explain Regenerative Capacity in an 82-Year-Old Patient with Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes and End-Stage Renal Disease

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 2556 - 2556

Published: April 8, 2025

Background/Objectives: The case we present is part of a large study that conducted on hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and which set the following objectives: studying changes in intestinal microbiota, innate acquired immune response capacity, tissue regeneration. Methods: (1) For genetic gut special techniques are not based cultivation were used since most species flora cultivable. (2) immunological had two targets: immunity (inflammation) adaptive (we chose to address cellular because, unlike humoral one, it insufficiently studied this category associated pathologies). As markers for (inflammation), determined: IL-6, sIL-6R, IL-1β, TNFα, IL-10, NGAL. TNFβ/LTα was determined as marker (the response). (3) regeneration capacity performed using NT-3 (this first do so) VEGFβ (another scarce patients) markers. All aforementioned compounds from serum samples, utilizing Merck Millipore ELISA kits NT-3, VEGF β, Elabscience IL-6R, TNFβ, Results: We very surprised find unexpected regenerative one studied, an 82-year-old female patient diagnosed insulin-dependent T2DM multiple complications, including end-stage renal disease (ESRD). showed huge regeneration, combined amplification comparison same group (T2DM ESRD) those control Thus, extremely elevated concentrations TNF-β, well indicators VEGFβ, obtained all other members group. At time, levels soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL6-R) TNFα greatly reduced compared test group’s mean. Conclusions: data during our research corroborated specialized literature entitle us support hypothesis cause these behaviors genetically conditioned overproduction (possibly post-infection) along its predominant anti-inflammatory pro-regenerative signaling through membrane-bound IL-6R.

Language: Английский

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IGF-1 signaling pathway activation promotes axonal regeneration and repair: a mechanism study on catalpol-induced functional recovery after ischemic stroke

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 119808 - 119808

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Corneal Sensory Nerve Injury Disrupts Lacrimal Gland Function by Altering Circadian Rhythms in Mice

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 66(4), P. 40 - 40

Published: April 16, 2025

To investigate the impact of corneal sensory nerve injury on lacrimal gland function, focusing mechanisms involving superior salivatory nucleus (SSN), circadian rhythm disruption, immune microenvironment alterations, and potential for neural regeneration. A murine model was used to assess with tear secretion measured using phenol red thread test. Transcriptomic analysis glands examined immune-related gene expression. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promote regeneration, its effects repair were evaluated. Corneal resulted in a 35% reduction significantly impaired SSN activity, as evidenced by 31% decrease c-FOS-positive neurons choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-expressing neurons. revealed significant downregulation pathways, including Toll-like receptor (TLR), NOD-like (NLR), T-cell signaling. Circadian expression exhibited phase shifts, 2.13-hour delay peak substantial change number types rhythmic genes, which enriched different signaling pathways. The bFGF treatment restored 22% promoted although fiber density remained 74% lower than that controls. disrupts both central peripheral clock functions gland, leading reduced dysregulation. These findings highlight novel role rhythms neural-immune interactions dysfunction. Neural regeneration strategies, such bFGF, offer therapeutic dry eye syndrome, providing new directions clinical intervention.

Language: Английский

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Optimizing Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Surgical Techniques, Biomolecular and Regenerative Strategies—A Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3895 - 3895

Published: April 20, 2025

Peripheral nerve injury disrupts the function of peripheral nervous system, leading to sensory, motor, and autonomic deficits. While nerves possess an intrinsic regenerative capacity, complete sensory motor recovery remains challenging due unpredictable nature healing process, which is influenced by extent injury, age, timely intervention. Recent advances in microsurgical techniques, imaging technologies, a deeper understanding microanatomy have enhanced functional outcomes repair. Nerve initiates complex pathophysiological responses, including Wallerian degeneration, macrophage activation, Schwann cell dedifferentiation, axonal sprouting. Complete disruptions require surgical intervention restore continuity function. Direct repair gold standard for clean transections with minimal gaps. However, cases larger gaps or when direct not feasible, alternatives such as autologous grafting, vascularized grafts, conduits, allografts, transfers may be employed. Autologous grafts provide excellent biocompatibility but are limited donor site morbidity availability. Vascularized used large poorly recipient beds, while conduits serve promising solution smaller utilized neither nor grafting possible, often involving re-routing intact regional play pivotal role regeneration bridging gaps, significant advancements made material composition design. Emerging trends include use 3D bioprinting personalized gene therapy targeted growth factor delivery, nanotechnology nanofiber-based stem therapy. Advancements molecular sciences provided critical insights into cellular biochemical mechanisms underlying repair, therapies that enhance regeneration, remyelination, injuries. This review explores current strategies therapeutic management injuries, highlighting their indications, benefits, limitations, emphasizing need tailored approaches based on severity patient factors.

Language: Английский

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Advances in the Research of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Maxillofacial Neurological Disorders and the Promotion of Facial Nerve Regeneration

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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