Does Cannabis Use Cause Declines in Neuropsychological Functioning? A Review of Longitudinal Studies DOI
Raúl González, Ileana Pacheco‐Colón,

Jacqueline C. Duperrouzel

et al.

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 23(9-10), P. 893 - 902

Published: Oct. 1, 2017

Abstract Cannabis use has been linked to impairments in neuropsychological functioning across a large and continually expanding body of research. Yet insight into underlying causal relations remains limited due the historically cross-sectional nature studies this area. Recently, however, have begun more informative design strategies delineate these associations. The aim article is provide critical evaluation review research that uses longitudinal designs examine link between cannabis functioning. In summarizing primary findings studies, suggests leads decline. However, most associations were modest, present only for group with heaviest use, often attenuated (or no longer significant) after controlling potential confounding variables. Future data before initiation along careful measurement control “shared risk factors” poorer outcomes, are needed better understand who, under what conditions, vulnerable cannabis-associated ( JINS , 2017, 23 893–902)

Language: Английский

Association of Cannabis Use in Adolescence and Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in Young Adulthood DOI Open Access
Gabriella Gobbi, Tobias Atkin,

Tomasz Zytynski

et al.

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 76(4), P. 426 - 426

Published: Feb. 14, 2019

Cannabis is the most commonly used drug of abuse by adolescents in world. While impact adolescent cannabis use on development psychosis has been investigated depth, little known about mood and suicidality young adulthood.

Language: Английский

Citations

688
Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review DOI
Samantha J. Broyd,

Hendrika H. van Hell,

Camilla Beale

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 79(7), P. 557 - 567

Published: Dec. 12, 2015

Language: Английский

Citations

591
HPA Axis in the Pathomechanism of Depression and Schizophrenia: New Therapeutic Strategies Based on Its Participation DOI Creative Commons
Joanna Mikulska,

Gabriela Juszczyk,

Monika Gawrońska‐Grzywacz

et al.

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1298 - 1298

Published: Sept. 30, 2021

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is involved in the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. Increased HPA activity can be observed during chronic stress, which plays a key role depression. Overactivity occurs major depressive disorder (MDD), leading to cognitive dysfunction and reduced mood. There also correlation between activation gut microbiota, has significant impact on development MDD. It believed that microbiota influence function through cytokines, prostaglandins, or bacterial antigens various microbial species. schizophrenia varies depends mainly severity disease. This review summarizes involvement pathogenesis disorders, focusing depression schizophrenia, highlights possible these conditions. Although effective antidepressants are available, large proportion patients do not respond initial treatment. discusses new therapeutic strategies affect axis, such as glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonists, vasopressin V1B antagonists non-psychoactive CB1 agonists and/or schizophrenia.

Language: Английский

Citations

244
Positive and Negative Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids on Health DOI
Koby Cohen, Abraham Weizman, Aviv Weinstein

et al.

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 105(5), P. 1139 - 1147

Published: Jan. 31, 2019

Cannabis is the most popular illicit drug in Western world. Repeated cannabis use has been associated with short‐ and long‐term side effects, including respiratory cardiovascular disorders, cognitive alterations, psychosis, schizophrenia, mood disorders. However, casual relations between these adverse effects are missing. On other hand, recent research proposed promising therapeutic potential of cannabinoid‐based drugs for a wide range medical conditions, neurological psychiatric The current article presents contemporary review on safety, drugs. Given growing popularity both recreational purposes their harmful there need further investigation this field.

Language: Английский

Citations

215
The neuropsychopharmacology of cannabis: A review of human imaging studies DOI Creative Commons
Michael Bloomfield, Chandni Hindocha, Sebastian F Green

et al.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 132 - 161

Published: Oct. 20, 2018

The laws governing cannabis are evolving worldwide and associated with changing patterns of use. main psychoactive drug in is Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a partial agonist at the endocannabinoid CB1 receptor. Acutely, THC produce range effects on several neurocognitive pharmacological systems. These include executive, emotional, reward memory processing via direct interactions system indirect glutamatergic, GABAergic dopaminergic Cannabidiol, non-intoxicating cannabinoid found some forms cannabis, may offset these acute effects. Heavy repeated use, particularly during adolescence, has been adverse systems, which increase risk mental illnesses including addiction psychosis. Here, we provide comprehensive state art review chronic neuropsychopharmacology by synthesizing available neuroimaging research humans. We describe exposure development, implications for understanding psychosis use disorder, methodological considerations. Greater precise mechanisms underlying also give rise to new treatment targets.

Language: Английский

Citations

212
A transdiagnostic dimensional approach towards a neuropsychological assessment for addiction: an international Delphi consensus study DOI Creative Commons
Murat Yücel, Erin Oldenhof, Serge H. Ahmed

et al.

Addiction, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 114(6), P. 1095 - 1109

Published: Aug. 22, 2018

The US National Institutes of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) seek to stimulate research into biologically validated neuropsychological dimensions across mental illness symptoms and diagnoses. RDoC framework comprises 39 functional constructs designed be revised refined, with the overall goal improving diagnostic validity treatments. This study aimed reach a consensus among experts in addiction field on 'primary' most relevant substance behavioural addictions.Forty-four were recruited from Australia, Asia, Europe Americas. Delphi technique was used determine as degree importance each construct understanding essential underpinning addictive behaviours. Expert opinions canvassed online over three rounds (97% completion rate), consecutive round offering feedback for review their opinions.Seven endorsed by ≥ 80% behaviour: five Positive Valence System (reward valuation, expectancy, action selection, reward learning, habit); one Cognitive Control (response selection/inhibition); expert-initiated (compulsivity). These rated related differentially stages cycle, some linked more closely onset others chronicity. Experts agreed that these apply range addictions.The offers novel neuropsychologically informed theoretical framework, well cogent step forward test transdiagnostic concepts research, direct implications assessment, diagnosis, staging disorder, treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

201
The cannabis withdrawal syndrome: current insights DOI Creative Commons
Udo Bonnet, Ulrich W. Preuss

Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: Volume 8, P. 9 - 37

Published: April 1, 2017

Abstract: The cannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS) is a criterion of use disorders (CUDs) ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Mental Disorders – Fifth Edition ) dependence (International Classification Diseases [ICD]-10). Several lines evidence from animal human studies indicate that cessation long-term regular precipitates specific with mainly mood behavioral symptoms light to moderate intensity, which can usually be treated in an outpatient setting. Regular intake related desensitization downregulation brain cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors. This starts reverse within the first 2 days abstinence receptors return normal functioning 4 weeks abstinence, could constitute neurobiological time frame for duration CWS, not taking into account cellular synaptic neuroplasticity elicited by before cessation, example, being possibly responsible craving. CWS severity dependent on amount used pre-cessation, gender, heritable several environmental factors. Therefore, naturalistic highly varies. Women reported stronger than men including physical symptoms, such as nausea stomach pain. Comorbidity mental or somatic disorders, severe CUD, low social may require inpatient treatment (preferably qualified detox) post-acute rehabilitation. There are promising results gabapentin delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol analogs CWS. Mirtazapine beneficial treat insomnia. According small studies, venlafaxine worsen whereas other antidepressants, atomoxetine, lithium, buspirone, divalproex had no relevant effect. Certainly, further research required respect impact setting CUD prognosis psychopharmacological approaches, aerobic exercise therapy psychoeducation, up-to-date ICD-11 Beta Draft recommended expanded specification intensity well gender effects. Keywords: marijuana, humans, neurobiology, treatment, course, detoxification,

Language: Английский

Citations

200
‘Standard THC units’: a proposal to standardize dose across all cannabis products and methods of administration DOI
Tom P. Freeman, Valentina Lorenzetti

Addiction, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 115(7), P. 1207 - 1216

Published: Oct. 12, 2019

Abstract Background and Aims Cannabis products are becoming increasingly diverse, vary considerably in concentrations of ∆ 9 ‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabidiol (CBD). Higher doses THC can increase the risk harm from cannabis, while CBD may partially offset some these effects. Lower Risk Use Guidelines currently lack recommendations based on quantity use, could be improved by implementing standard units. However, there is no consensus how units should measured or standardized among different cannabis methods administration. Argument Existing proposals for have been specific administration (e.g. joints) not capture other methods, including pipes, bongs, blunts, dabbing, vaporizers, vape pens, edibles liquids. Other grams cannabis) cannot account heterogeneity products. Similar to alcohol units, we argue that reflect primary active pharmacological constituents (dose THC). On basis experimental ecological data, public health considerations existing policy, propose a ‘standard unit’ fixed at 5 mg all If supported sufficient evidence future, consumption might offer an additional strategy reduction. Conclusions Standard potentially applied guide consumers promote safer patterns use.

Language: Английский

Citations

173
A randomised controlled trial of vaporised Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol alone and in combination in frequent and infrequent cannabis users: acute intoxication effects DOI
Nadia Solowij, Samantha J. Broyd, Lisa‐Marie Greenwood

et al.

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 269(1), P. 17 - 35

Published: Jan. 19, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

161
Synthetic and Non-synthetic Cannabinoid Drugs and Their Adverse Effects-A Review From Public Health Prospective DOI Creative Commons
Koby Cohen, Aviv Weinstein

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: June 7, 2018

There is a growing use of novel psychoactive drugs (NPs) containing synthetic cannabinoids. Synthetic cannabinoid products have similar effects to those natural cannabis, yet, these are more potent and dangerous, they been associated with various adverse effects. Here, we review current literature on the epidemiology, acute, chronic based drugs. contain mixture compounds that most them bind receptors high potency. These mimic cannabis Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) but induce severe including respiratory difficulties, hypertension, tachycardia, chest pain, muscle twitches, acute renal failure, anxiety, agitation, psychosis, suicidal ideation, cognitive impairment. Chronic cannabinoids was serious psychiatric medical conditions even death. Given popularity in their harmful potential, there need for further research this field.

Language: Английский

Citations

156